different between sam vs tam

English

Etymology 1

Acronym

Alternative forms

• SAM

Pronunciation

Noun

sam

1. surface-to-air missile

Etymology 2

From Middle English sammen, samnen, from Old English samnian, ?esamnian (“to collect, assemble, bring together, gather, join, unite, compose, meet, glean”), from Proto-Germanic *samn?n? (“to gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one”). Cognate with Dutch zamelen (“to collect”), German sammeln (“to collect, gather”), Swedish samla (“to gather, collect”), Icelandic samna (“to gather, collect”). More at same.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sæm/

Alternative forms

• samen

Verb

sam (third-person singular simple present sams, present participle samming, simple past and past participle sammed)

1. (transitive, Britain dialectal) To assemble.
2. (transitive, Britain dialectal, of persons) To bring together; join (in marriage, friendship, love, etc.).
3. (transitive, Britain dialectal, of things) To bring together; collect; put in order; arrange.
   • 1905, Keighley Snowden, Princess Joyce

     I sammed it up for ye

4. (intransitive, Britain dialectal) To assemble; come together.
5. (transitive, Britain dialectal) To coagulate; curdle (milk).

Usage notes

• Often used with together or up

Derived terms

• stand sam
• upon my sam

Etymology 3

From Middle English s?m (“together”), from Old English samen (“together”), from Proto-Germanic *samanai (“together”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together, one”).

Adverb

sam (not comparable)

1. (obsolete) Together
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene:

     Now are they saints all in that city sam.

   • a1600, The Battle of Floddon Field:

     All Sam the souldiers then replied.

Etymology 4

From Middle English sam- (prefix), from Old English s?m- (“half-; partly; incompletely”), from Proto-Germanic *s?mi- (“half”), from Proto-Indo-European *s?mi- (“half”). Related to semi- (via Latin).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sæm/

Adjective

sam (not comparable)

1. (dialectal) Half or imperfectly done.
2. (of food) Half-heated.

Related terms

• sammy
• sandblind

Etymology 5

Possibly from Uncle Sam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sæm/

Noun

sam (plural sams)

1. (slang) Federal narcotics agent.

Anagrams

• 'ams, -mas, A.M.s, AMS, ASM, M. A. S., M.A.S., M.A.s, MAS, MAs, MSA, Mas, SMA, mas, sma

Atong (India)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /s?am/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bodo-Garo *sam¹ (“grass”). Related to Garo samsi, Garo sam

Noun

sam (Bengali script ???)

1. grass; weed
2. medicine

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

sam- (Bengali script ???)

1. to wait

Etymology 3

Classifier

sam- (Bengali script ???)

1. used with any bilateral body part, hands, eyes, etc. and also tires

References

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

Charrua

Numeral

sam

1. two

References

• El último charrúa: de Salsipuedes a la actualidad (1996)
• Idioma español y habla criolla: Charrúas y vilelas (1968)
• ?estmír Loukotka, ?Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 62

Chuukese

Noun

sam

1. father

Garo

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sam/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bodo-Garo *sam¹ (“grass”). Related to Atong (India) sam

Noun

sam

1. grass; herb
2. medicine
3. curry

Etymology 2

Classifier

sam

1. used with any bilateral body part, hands, eyes, etc.

Further reading

• Burling, R. (2003) The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo) Vol. II: The Lexicon?^[1], Bangladesh: University of Michigan, page 275

Maltese

Etymology

From Arabic ????? (??ma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa?m/

Verb

sam (imperfect jsum)

1. to fast

Conjugation

• The perfect tense is often avoided. It can be replaced by kien + imperfect.

Related terms

• sawm

Min Nan

Mizo

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(t)sam.

Noun

sam

1. hair (of the head)
2. antenna (of insects)

Etymology 2

Adjective

sam

1. easy, simple

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”) (compare Welsh haf), from Proto-Indo-European *sm?-h?-ó- (compare Old English sumor, Old Armenian ????? (ama?n)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa?/

Noun

sam m (genitive unattested, no plural)

1. summer

Inflection

Synonyms

• samrad

Mutation

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 sam”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Norse

Verb

sam

1. second-person singular imperative of sama

Phalura

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sam/

Adverb

sam (Perso-Arabic spelling ??)

1. equally

References

• Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)?^[2], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, ?ISBN

Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sam?, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sam/

Adjective

sam (not always comparable, comparative bardziej sam, superlative najbardziej sam)

1. (comparable) alone, without company
2. (not comparable) myself, yourself, himself, etc. (emphatic determiner, used similarly to "no other than" or "the very", as in "I myself")

3. (not comparable) by oneself, alone, by own volition or power, without outside help or encouragement

Declension

Related terms

• (adjectives) samotniczy, samotny
• (nouns) samotnica, samotniczka, samotnictwo, samotnik, samotno??

Further reading

• sam in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• sam in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Rohingya

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

sam

1. skin

Romani

Verb

sam

1. first-person plural present indicative of si

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *sam?, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

Adjective

s?m (definite s?m?, Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. alone, sole
2. unaided, single-handed
3. absolute, very, mere, unmixed
4. solitary, secluded

Declension

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *(j)esm?, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *esmi, from Proto-Indo-European *h?ésmi.

Verb

s?m (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. first-person singular present tense enclitic form of biti.

   Tu sam. — I'm here.

Silesian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *s?mo.

Pronoun

sam

1. here

   Synonym: tukej

2. hither

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sam?, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sá?m/

Adjective

s?m (not comparable)

1. alone, sole
2. unaided, single-handed, by oneself

Inflection

Derived terms

• sámost
• samoglásnik
• samomòr
• samostálnik
• samoróg
• samostán

Further reading

• “sam”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sam/

Verb

sam

1. past tense of simma.

Vietnamese

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kt?aam (“crab”) (Norman & Mei, 1976; mistakenly glossed as "king crab"). However, Shorto (2006) includes no such derivation. Compare Vietnamese ?am (“field crab”).

Pronunciation

• (Hà N?i) IPA^(key): [sa?m??]
• (Hu?) IPA^(key): [?a?m??]
• (H? Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [?a?m??] ~ [sa?m??]

Noun

(classifier con) sam • (????, ????)

1. a horseshoe crab

Further reading

• Proto-Austro-Asiatic ta:m "crab" at Tower of Babel Project

Zhuang

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *sa?m (“three”), from Middle Chinese ? (MC s?m, “three”). Cognate with Thai ??? (s?am), Northern Thai ????, Lao ??? (s?m), Lü ??? (?aam), Tai Dam ???, Shan ???? (s?am), Tai Nüa ???? (sáam), Ahom ???????? (sam), Bouyei saaml.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /?a?m??/
• Tone numbers: sam¹
• Hyphenation: sam

Numeral

sam (old orthography sam)

1. three

English

Etymology 1

Short for tam o'shanter.

Noun

tam (plural tams)

1. Synonym of tam o'shanter, a type of cap.

Etymology 2

From the Cantonese pronunciation of ?

Noun

tam (plural tams)

1. Synonym of picul, a unit of weight, particularly in Cantonese contexts.

Anagrams

• AMT, ATM, MAT, MTA, Mat, Mat., TMA, amt, amt., atm, mat, mat.

Azerbaijani

Etymology 1

From Arabic ?????? (t?mm).

Adverb

tam

1. (of a task to be completed) done; finished; complete

2. completely, really

Etymology 2

From Arabic ?????? (?a?m).

Noun

tam (definite accusative tam?, plural tamlar)

1. taste

   Synonym: dad

Declension

Further reading

• “tam” in Obastan.com.

Chewong

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?m/

Noun

tam

1. water

References

• Howell, S. (1984). Society and cosmos: Chewong of peninsular Malaysia. p. 128.
• Kruspe, N. (2009). Ceq Wong vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmoor, U. (eds.). World Loanword Database.

Crimean Tatar

Adjective

tam

1. teeming, full

References

• Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajins?ko-kryms?kotatars?kyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]?^[2], Simferopol: Dolya, ?ISBN

Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tamo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tam/

Adverb

tam

1. there (in or at that place or location)
2. there (to or into that place)

Antonyms

• (to or into that place): zp?t, zpátky

Derived terms

• tamní
• tam?jší
• tamtudy

Further reading

• tam in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• tam in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology

From Old Danish tam, from Old Norse tamr, from Proto-Germanic *tamaz, from Proto-Indo-European *demh?-.

Adjective

tam

1. tame

Inflection

References

• “tam” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *tam, from Proto-Germanic *tamaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?m/
• Rhymes: -?m

Adjective

tam (comparative tammer, superlative tamst)

1. tame, not wild
2. (figuratively) boring, unexciting, bland

Inflection

Descendants

• Afrikaans: tam

Anagrams

• mat

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tam/

Adverb

tam

1. as (in comparison), so (followed by an adj.)

See also

• kam (“than, as, to (in comparison)”)

Kabyle

Etymology

From Proto-Berber.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tam/

Numeral

tam (feminine tamet)

1. eight

   Synonym: tmanya

Kashubian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tam/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *tamo.

Pronoun

tam

1. there

Lashi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tam/

Verb

tam

1. to make something level

References

• Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid?^[3], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *téh?m, accusative of *séh?, feminine of *só. Confer with its masculine form Latin tum, as in cum-quam.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /tam/, [t?ä??]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /tam/, [t??m]

Adverb

tam (not comparable)

1. so, so much, to such an extent, to such a degree

Usage notes

Often coupled with quam

1. Such that "tam x, quam y" = "so x, as y"

Often "tips off" a subjunctive clause of result.

Derived terms

• tamen
• tamquam
• tandem
• tantus

Related terms

Descendants

• French: tant
• Italian: tanto
• Old Portuguese: tan
• Portuguese: tam, tão
• Spanish: tamaño, tan

References

• tam in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• tam in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tam in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• tam in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[4], London: Macmillan and Co.

Latvian

Pronoun

tam

1. to that; dative singular masculine form of tas

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tamo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tam]

Adverb

tam

1. there (in that place)

Further reading

• tam in Ernst Muka/Mucke (St. Petersburg and Prague 1911–28): S?ownik dolnoserbskeje r?cy a jeje nar?cow / Wörterbuch der nieder-wendischen Sprache und ihrer Dialekte. Reprinted 2008, Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
• tam in Manfred Starosta (1999): Dolnoserbsko-nimski s?ownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.

Middle English

Etymology 1

Adjective

tam

1. Alternative form of tame (“tame”)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

tam

1. (Northern, after d or t) Alternative form of þem (“them”)

Northern Kurdish

Etymology 1

From Arabic ?????? (?a?m).

Noun

tam ?

1. taste

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t???m]

Adverb

tam

1. precisely, exactly

Etymology 3

From Old Anatolian Turkish ???? (d?am).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t??m]

Noun

tam ?

1. house, building, structure

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse tamr

Adjective

tam (neuter singular tamt, definite singular and plural tamme)

1. tame, domesticated

Related terms

• temme

References

• “tam” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse tamr

Adjective

tam (neuter singular tamt, definite singular and plural tamme)

1. tame, domesticated

Related terms

• temja, temje

References

• “tam” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Alternative forms

• tom

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *tamaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?m/

Adjective

tam

1. tame

Declension

Descendants

• Middle English: tame, tam
  • English: tame
  • Scots: tame

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tam/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *tamo.

Pronoun

tam

1. there

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

tam f

1. genitive plural of tama

Further reading

• tam in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• tam in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Adverb

tam (not comparable)

1. Obsolete spelling of tão

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tamo.

Adverb

tam (Cyrillic spelling ???)

1. (Kajkavian, regional) there

Synonyms

• tamo

Slovak

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tamo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?tam/

Adverb

tam

1. there
2. thither

Synonyms

• (thither): ta

Antonyms

• (there): tu
• (thither): sem

References

• tam in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tamo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tám/

Adverb

t?m

1. there, in that place

Further reading

• “tam”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish tamber, from Old Norse tamr, from Proto-Germanic *tamaz, from Proto-Indo-European *demh?-.

Adjective

tam (comparative tamare, superlative tamast)

1. tame (not wild), domesticated

Declension

Related terms

• tämja

Anagrams

• mat, mat.

Tatar

Noun

tam

1. wall

Turkish

Adjective

tam (comparative daha tam, superlative en tam)

1. complete, absolute

Upper Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tamo.

Adverb

tam

1. there

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà N?i) IPA^(key): [ta?m??]
• (Hu?) IPA^(key): [ta?m??]
• (H? Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ta?m??]

Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from ? (“three”).

Numeral

tam

1. (Sino-Vietnamese) three
2. third; thirdly

See also

• (native) ba

Etymology 2

From Proto-Vietic *k-sa?m. Cognate with Thavung sa?m¹, Kuy s??m, Khmu [Cuang] h??m.

The term was probably already archaic by the time it started to be written down and was only attested in the compound ????? (anh tam, “elder brother and younger sibling”).

Numeral

tam • (?)

1. (obsolete) younger sibling

Zazaki

Noun

tam n

1. taste

Derived terms

• bêtam
• tamey
• tamin
• tamkar
• tam kerden
• tamser
• tam kerd??