different between rust vs res

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: r?st, IPA^(key): /??st/
• Rhymes: -?st

Etymology 1

From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, r?st (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rud?so- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?rewd?- (“red”).

Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”). Related to red.

Noun

rust (countable and uncountable, plural rusts)

1. The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation.

   The rust on my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.

2. A similar substance based on another metal (usually with qualification, such as "copper rust").

   aerugo. Green or blue-green copper rust; verdigris. (American Heritage Dictionary, 1973)

3. A reddish-brown color.

4. A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus.
5. (philately) Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English rusten, from the noun (see above).

Verb

rust (third-person singular simple present rusts, present participle rusting, simple past and past participle rusted)

1. (intransitive) To oxidize, especially of iron or steel.

   The patio furniture had rusted in the wind-driven spray.

2. (transitive) To cause to oxidize.

   The wind-driven spray had thoroughly rusted the patio furniture.

3. (intransitive) To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust.
4. (transitive, intransitive, figuratively) To (cause to) degenerate in idleness; to make or become dull or impaired by inaction.
   • 1692, John Dryden, Cleomenes, the Spartan Hero, a Tragedy

     Must I rust in Egypt? never more / Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?

Synonyms

• oxidise / oxidize
• corrode

Translations

See also

Anagrams

• RTUs, UTRs, ruts, stur, turs

Danish

Etymology

From Old Swedish rost (“rust”), from Old Norse *rustr, possibly borrowed from Old Saxon rost, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rost/, [??sd?]

Noun

rust c (singular definite rusten, not used in plural form)

1. rust
2. corrosion

Verb

rust

1. imperative of ruste

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?st/
• Hyphenation: rust
• Rhymes: -?st

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ruste, from Old Dutch *rusta, from Proto-Germanic *rustij?. Cognate with German Low German Rüst (“rest”).

Noun

rust f (plural rusten)

1. rest, calm, peace

2. (sports) half-time

Derived terms

• rusteloos
• rustig

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

rust

1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of rusten
2. imperative of rusten

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

rust m or f (definite singular rusta or rusten) (uncountable)

1. rust (oxidation of iron and steel)
2. rust (disease affecting plants)

Derived terms

• rustrød

Verb

rust

1. imperative of ruste

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?st/

Noun

rust f (definite singular rusta) (uncountable)

1. rust (oxidation, as above)
2. rust (plant disease)

Verb

rust

1. imperative of rusta and ruste

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r??st/

Verb

rust

1. past participle of rusa

References

• “rust” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Translingual

Alternative forms

• Res

Symbol

res

1. (mathematical analysis) residue

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??z/ (noun, verb)
• Rhymes: -?z
• IPA^(key): /?e?z/ (noun form)
• Rhymes: -e?z
• Homophones: raise, rase, rays, raze, rehs, réis

Noun

res

1. plural of re

Noun

res (plural reses)

1. (Canada, US, informal) Clipping of reservation.

   Synonym: (Indian reserve or reservation) rez

2. (Canada, South Africa) Clipping of residence.
3. (computing) Clipping of resolution (of a computer display or image).

   Coordinate term: hi-res

4. Clipping of reservoir (from computer water cooling).
5. (role-playing games) Clipping of resurrection.

Verb

res (third-person singular simple present reses, present participle ressing, simple past and past participle ressed)

1. (role-playing games) short form of resurrect

Anagrams

• -ers, ERS, ERs, ESR, RSE, SER, SRE, ers, ser, ser.

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /?r?s/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /?r?s/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?res/
• Rhymes: -es

Etymology 1

From Latin r?s (“thing”). Compare French rien.

Pronoun

res

1. nothing
2. (in negative sentences) anything

Alternative forms

• re
• rès (obsolete)

Derived terms

• de res
• no-res

Etymology 2

Noun

res

1. plural of re

Further reading

• “res” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “res” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “res” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “res” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology 1

From Latin r?s (“thing”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?res/

Noun

res f (plural reses)

1. head of quadrupedal cattle or game
2. flock, herd; cattle
   • 1355, E. Cal Pardo (ed.), Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo. Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 168:

     os quaes me pagastes en dineiros et en res

     which you paid me in money and in cattle

Pronoun

res

1. (rare or dated) nothing (in negative sentences)

   Synonym: nada

Related terms

• ren
• rexelo

Etymology 2

Plural of re.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?res/

Noun

res m pl

1. plural of re

Etymology 3

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese r?es (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin r?nes (“kidneys”). Cognate with Template:kw.

Alternative forms

• rens

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?res/

Noun

res m pl

1. small of the back
   • 1409, G. Pérez Barcala (ed.), A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus. Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 191:

     reerás primeiramente os lombos ou as r?es do cavalo

     you will first shave the horse's back and the smalls of the back

   Synonyms: cadrís, lombo

Derived terms

• derrear

Related terms

• ril

References

• “re_es” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “r?es” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “res” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “res” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “res” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Latin

Etymology

For the expected *r?s, remodelled on a new oblique stem *r?j-, from Proto-Italic *reis, from Proto-Indo-European *reh?ís (“wealth, goods”).

Cognate to Old Persian [Term?] (/r?y-/, “paradise, wealth”), Avestan ????????????-? (r?y-, “paradise, wealth”), Sanskrit ?? (raí, “property. wealth”), ??? (rayí, “stuff, material, property, goods”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /re?s/, [re?s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /res/, [r?s]

Noun

r?s f (genitive re?); fifth declension

1. thing, object, stuff

2. matter, issue, subject, topic
   • a. 149 BC, Cato the Elder (attributed quote)

3. affair, event
4. story, history
5. state, republic, commonwealth
   • c. early 5th century AD, attributed to Ennius by Augustinus in De Civitate Dei; Book II, Chapter XXI

6. deed
7. circumstances

Declension

Fifth-declension noun.

Derived terms

• re?pse
• reus
• r?cula/r?scula
• rem ac? tetigist?
• r?s, n?n verba (“deeds, not words”)
• re?lis
• r?s adi?dic?ta
• r?s pr?v?ta
• r?s p?blica/r?sp?blica
• r?s i?dic?ta
• in medi?s r?s

Descendants

References

• von Wartburg, Walther (1928–2002) , “r?s”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 100, page 287

Further reading

• res in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• res in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• res in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• res in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
• res in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• res in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[3], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• res in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?res/, [?res]

Etymology 1

From Latin r?s (“thing”).

Noun

res f (plural reses)

1. head of quadrupedal cattle or game
2. (Latin America) bovine animal

Derived terms

• pancita de res
• resero

Etymology 2

Plural of re.

Noun

res m pl

1. plural of re

Further reading

• “res” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Verb

res

1. imperative of resa

Anagrams

• ers, ser

Westrobothnian

Etymology

cf Old Norse hreistr, Norwegian reist

Noun

res n or m

1. guts; offal, scales of fish

Related terms

• fiskres
• rees
• rest

Wolof

Noun

res (definite form res wi)

1. liver