different between rust vs lichen

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: r?st, IPA^(key): /??st/
• Rhymes: -?st

Etymology 1

From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, r?st (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rud?so- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?rewd?- (“red”).

Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”). Related to red.

Noun

rust (countable and uncountable, plural rusts)

1. The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation.

   The rust on my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.

2. A similar substance based on another metal (usually with qualification, such as "copper rust").

   aerugo. Green or blue-green copper rust; verdigris. (American Heritage Dictionary, 1973)

3. A reddish-brown color.

4. A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus.
5. (philately) Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English rusten, from the noun (see above).

Verb

rust (third-person singular simple present rusts, present participle rusting, simple past and past participle rusted)

1. (intransitive) To oxidize, especially of iron or steel.

   The patio furniture had rusted in the wind-driven spray.

2. (transitive) To cause to oxidize.

   The wind-driven spray had thoroughly rusted the patio furniture.

3. (intransitive) To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust.
4. (transitive, intransitive, figuratively) To (cause to) degenerate in idleness; to make or become dull or impaired by inaction.
   • 1692, John Dryden, Cleomenes, the Spartan Hero, a Tragedy

     Must I rust in Egypt? never more / Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?

Synonyms

• oxidise / oxidize
• corrode

Translations

See also

Anagrams

• RTUs, UTRs, ruts, stur, turs

Danish

Etymology

From Old Swedish rost (“rust”), from Old Norse *rustr, possibly borrowed from Old Saxon rost, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rost/, [??sd?]

Noun

rust c (singular definite rusten, not used in plural form)

1. rust
2. corrosion

Verb

rust

1. imperative of ruste

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?st/
• Hyphenation: rust
• Rhymes: -?st

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ruste, from Old Dutch *rusta, from Proto-Germanic *rustij?. Cognate with German Low German Rüst (“rest”).

Noun

rust f (plural rusten)

1. rest, calm, peace

2. (sports) half-time

Derived terms

• rusteloos
• rustig

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

rust

1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of rusten
2. imperative of rusten

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

rust m or f (definite singular rusta or rusten) (uncountable)

1. rust (oxidation of iron and steel)
2. rust (disease affecting plants)

Derived terms

• rustrød

Verb

rust

1. imperative of ruste

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?st/

Noun

rust f (definite singular rusta) (uncountable)

1. rust (oxidation, as above)
2. rust (plant disease)

Verb

rust

1. imperative of rusta and ruste

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r??st/

Verb

rust

1. past participle of rusa

References

• “rust” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin l?ch?n (“ringworm”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (leikh?n).

Pronunciation

• enPR: l?'k?n, IPA^(key): /?la?.k?n/
• (also, especially in the UK) IPA^(key): /?l?.t??n/
• Rhymes: -a?k?n, -?t??n
• Homophone: liken

Noun

lichen (countable and uncountable, plural lichens or lichen)

1. Any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow patches on old walls, etc.
   • 1895, H. G. Wells, The Time Machine, ch XI

     It was the same rich green that one sees on forest moss or on the lichen in caves: plants which like these grow in a perpetual twilight.

   • 1915, John Muir, Travels in Alaska, ch V

     The nibble marks of the stone adze were still visible, though crusted over with scale lichens in most places.

2. (figuratively) Something which gradually spreads across something else, causing damage.

   Synonym: cancer

Hyponyms

• (symbiotic organism): macrolichen, microlichen

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• lichen on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• algae
• fungus
• Iceland moss
• moss
• reindeer moss

References

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin lichen, from Ancient Greek ?????? (leikh?n).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /li.k?n/

Noun

lichen m (plural lichens)

1. lichen

Derived terms

• lichen plan
• lichénique

Further reading

• “lichen” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• chelin

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ?????? (leikh?n).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?li?.k?e?n/, [?li?k?e?n]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?li.ken/, [?li?k?n]

Noun

l?ch?n m (genitive l?ch?nos or l?ch?nis); third declension

1. (literally) a cryptogamic species of vegetation growing on trees, lichen
2. (transferred sense, medicine) an eruption on the skin of men and beasts, a tetter, ringworm
   1. (and especially) a callous excrescence upon the leg of a horse, used as a medicine

Declension

Third-declension noun (Greek-type, normal variant or non-Greek-type).

Derived terms

• l?ch?nif?rmis

Related terms

• l?ch?na
• l?ch?nicos

Descendants

• English: lichen
• French: lichen
• Galician: lique
• Portuguese: líquen
• Spanish: liquen

References

• l?ch?n in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• l?ch?n in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette, page 909/3
• “l?ch?n” on page 1,029/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

Romanian

Etymology

From French lichen

Noun

lichen m (plural licheni)

1. lichen

Declension