different between rule vs par

English

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /?u?l/, [?u??]
• Rhymes: -u?l

Etymology 1

From Middle English reule, rewle, rule, borrowed from Old French riule, reule, itself an early semi-learned borrowing from Latin regula (“straight stick, bar, ruler, pattern”), from reg? (“to keep straight, direct, govern, rule”); see regent.

Noun

rule (countable and uncountable, plural rules)

1. A regulation, law, guideline.
   • a. 1694, John Tillotson, Of The Obligations of Christians to a Holy Life

     We profess to have embraced a religion which contains the most exact rules for the government of our lives.
2. A regulating principle.
   • c. 1604, William Shakespeare, All's well that ends well, Act I, scene I

     There's little can be said in 't; 'Tis against the rule of nature.

3. The act of ruling; administration of law; government; empire; authority; control.
4. A normal condition or state of affairs.

   My rule is to rise at six o'clock.

5. (obsolete) Conduct; behaviour.
6. (law) An order regulating the practice of the courts, or an order made between parties to an action or a suit.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Wharton to this entry?)

7. (mathematics) A determinate method prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain result.

   a rule for extracting the cube root

8. A ruler; device for measuring, a straightedge, a measure.
   • a. 1716, Robert South, Sermons

     As we may observe in the Works of Art, a Judicious Artist will indeed use his Eye, but he will trust only to his Rule.

9. A straight line (continuous mark, as made by a pen or the like), especially one lying across a paper as a guide for writing.
10. (printing, dated) A thin plate of brass or other metal, of the same height as the type, and used for printing lines, as between columns on the same page, or in tabular work.

Derived terms

Related terms

• regulate
• regent
• regular

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English rulen, borrowed from Old French riuler, from Latin regul?re (“to regulate, rule”), from regula (“a rule”); see regular and regulate.

Verb

rule (third-person singular simple present rules, present participle ruling, simple past and past participle ruled)

1. (transitive) To regulate, be in charge of, make decisions for, reign over.
2. (slang, intransitive) To excel.

3. (intransitive) To decide judicially.
4. (transitive) To establish or settle by, or as by, a rule; to fix by universal or general consent, or by common practice.
   • 1687, Francis Atterbury, An Answer to some Considerations, the Spirit of Martin Luther and the Original of the Reformation

     That's a ruled case with the school-men.

5. (transitive) To mark (paper or the like) with rules (lines).

Synonyms

• (to excel): rock (also slang)

Antonyms

• (to excel): suck (vulgar slang)

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 3

Related to revel.

Noun

rule

1. (obsolete) Revelry.

Verb

rule (third-person singular simple present rules, present participle ruling, simple past and past participle ruled)

1. (obsolete, intransitive) To revel.

Further reading

• rule in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• rule in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• ReLU, Ruel, lure

Spanish

Verb

rule

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of rular.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of rular.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of rular.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of rular.

English

Etymology 1

Abbreviations

Noun

par

1. Abbreviation of paragraph.
2. Abbreviation of parenthesis.
3. Abbreviation of parish.

Adjective

par

1. Abbreviation of parallel.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French par (“through, by”), from Latin per (“through”). Doublet of per.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /p??/
• (US) IPA^(key): /p??/, [p???], [p???]
• Rhymes: -??(?)

Preposition

par

1. By; with.

Usage notes

• Used frequently in Middle English in phrases taken from French, being sometimes written as a part of the word which it governs; as, par amour, or paramour; par cas, or parcase; par fay, or parfay.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Latin p?r (“equal”).

Noun

par (plural pars)

1. Equal value; equality of nominal and actual value; the value expressed on the face or in the words of a certificate of value, as a bond or other commercial paper.
2. Equality of condition or circumstances.
4. (golf, mostly uncountable) The allotted number of strokes to reach the hole.

5. (golf, countable) A hole in which a player achieves par.
6. (Britain) An amount which is taken as an average or mean.

Coordinate terms

(golf score):

• buzzard
• bogey
• birdie
• eagle
• albatross
• condor
• ostrich

Derived terms

Verb

par (third-person singular simple present pars, present participle parring, simple past and past participle parred)

1. (transitive, golf) To reach the hole in the allotted number of strokes.

Etymology 4

Noun

par (plural pars)

1. Alternative form of parr (“young salmon”)

Anagrams

• APR, ARP, Apr, Apr., Arp, PRA, RAP, RPA, Rap, apr, arp, rap

Ambonese Malay

Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese para.

Preposition

par

1. for

Aromanian

Etymology 1

From Latin p?re?. Compare Daco-Romanian p?rea, par.

Alternative forms

• paru, ampar, apar, aparu

Verb

par (past participle pãrutã)

1. I seem, appear.

Derived terms

• pãreari / pãreare
• pãrut

See also

• undzescu

Etymology 2

From Latin p?lus. Compare Daco-Romanian par.

Alternative forms

• paru

Noun

par

1. stake

Related terms

• mpar

Chavacano

Etymology

From Spanish par (“pair”).

Noun

par

1. pair

Danish

Etymology 1

From late Old Danish par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin p?r.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p??]
• Rhymes: -ar

Noun

par n (singular definite parret, plural indefinite par)

1. pair
2. couple

Inflection

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English par.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p???]

Noun

par c

1. (golf) par (the allotted number of strokes to reach the hole)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p???]

Verb

par

1. imperative of parre

Faroese

Etymology

From late Old Norse par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin p?r.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p??a??/
• Rhymes: -?a??

Noun

par n (genitive singular pars, plural pør)

1. pair

Declension

French

Etymology

From Middle French par, from Old French par, from Latin per, from Proto-Indo-European *peri.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa?/
• Homophones: pars, part
• Rhymes: -a?

Preposition

par

1. through

2. by (used to introduce a means; used to introduce an agent in a passive construction))

3. over (used to express direction)

4. from (used to describe the origin of something, especially a view or movement)

5. around, round (inside of)

6. on (situated on, used in certain phrases)

7. on, at, in (used to denote a time when something occurs)

8. in

9. per, a, an

10. out of (used to describe the reason for something)

11. for

Derived terms

• de par
• par ici
• par là

Descendants

• ? English: par

Noun

par m (plural pars)

1. (golf) par

Further reading

• “par” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• rap

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin per.

Preposition

par

1. for
2. through
3. by

Gabrielino-Fernandeño

Alternative forms

• paar /pa?r/, pa'r
• paara'

Etymology

From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa.

Noun

par

1. water

References

• Kroeber, Shoshonean Dialects of California, in University of California Publications: American archaeology and ethnology, volume 4, page 81
• HG

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?a?r/
• Rhymes: -a?r

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German par, from Latin p?r (“equal”).

Noun

par n (genitive singular pars, nominative plural pör)

1. pair
2. a couple, two people who are dating
3. (poker) pair

Declension

Synonyms

• (pair): tvenna

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English par.

Noun

par n (genitive singular pars, no plural)

1. (golf) par

Declension

Indo-Portuguese

Etymology

From Portuguese para, from Old Portuguese pera, from Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

Preposition

par

1. (Diu) to (indicates indirect object)
   • 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3:

     Já fallou par su pai aquêl mais piquin, […]

     The youngest one told (literally: said to) his father […]

2. (Diu) for (indicates subject of an infinitive)
   • 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3:

     Trasê tamêm um vaquinh bem gord e matá par nós comê e par nós regalá:

     Bring also a small and very fat cow and kill (it) for us to eat and for us to regale ourselves:

Istriot

Etymology

From Latin per.

Preposition

par

1. for
2. through

Kaqchikel

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *pahay.

Noun

par

1. skunk

References

• Brown, R. McKenna; Maxwell, Judith M.; Little, Walter E. (2006) ¿La ütz awäch? Introduction to Kaqchikel Maya Language, Austin: University of Texas Press, page 237
• Ruyán Canú, Déborah; Coyote Tum, Rafael; Munson L., Jo Ann (1991) Diccionario cakchiquel central y español?^[2] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano de Centroamérica, page 180

Latin

Etymology

Unclear. A traditional reconstruction is Proto-Indo-European *perH- (“exchange”), comparing Ancient Greek ??????? (pérn?mi) etc. and Lithuanian pirkti; but this accounts badly for the /a(?)/. Others refrain from assigning an Indo-European root.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /pa?r/, [pä?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /par/, [p?r]

Adjective

p?r (genitive paris, comparative parior, superlative parissimus, adverb pariter); third-declension one-termination adjective

1. even (of a number)
2. equal
3. like
4. suitable

Declension

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

• aequus
• similis

Latvian

Preposition

par (with accusative)

1. about, on
2. than
3. for (price)
4. as

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French par.

Conjunction

par

1. by (introduces an agent)
   • .

Descendants

• French: par
  • ? English: par

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From *p- + *ar-, cognate with Avestan ????????????????-? (y?r?-, “year”), English year, all from Proto-Indo-European *yeh?r- (“year”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p???/

Noun

par f

1. share, part

Noun

par f

1. last year

Adverb

par

1. last year

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

par n (definite singular paret, indefinite plural par, definite plural para or parene)

1. a pair

2. a couple
3. a few (determiner)

Derived terms

• brudepar
• ektepar
• kongepar
• parvis

Noun

par n

1. (golf, uncountable) par

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p??r/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin paria (“equals”), neuter plural of p?r. Akin to English pair.

Noun

par n (definite singular paret, indefinite plural par, definite plural para)

1. a pair

2. a couple
3. a few (determiner)

Derived terms

• brudepar
• ektepar
• kongepar
• parvis

Etymology 2

From English par

Noun

par n

1. (golf, uncountable) par

References

• “par” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old French

Etymology

From Latin per.

Conjunction

par

1. by; via (introduces a medium)
   • circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide

     Tost m'oceïst par son orguel.

     Soon, he killed with his pride.

2. because of; due to (introduces a medium)
   • circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide

     Premiers sont au mostier venu,
     La furent par devocion

     The first ones came to the minster,
     they were there to pray

3. by
   • circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide

     L'une a l'autre par la main prise,

     They took each other by the hand

4. by; through; across
   • circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide

     Li cheval par le chanp s'an fuient.

     The horses fled through the field

5. by (introduces an exclamation)
   • circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide

     "Sire, par Deu et par sa croiz!

     "Sire! By God and by his cross!"

6. in (at a location)

Descendants

• Middle French: par
  • French: par
    • ? English: par
• Lorrain: poir
• Picard: per

Phalura

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /par/

Adverb

par (Perso-Arabic spelling ??)

1. suddenly

Alternative forms

• pras

References

• Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)?^[3], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, ?ISBN

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /par/

Noun

par

1. genitive plural of para
2. genitive plural of pary

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese par, from Latin p?r (“equal, like”), from Proto-Indo-European *per (“exchange”).

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?pa?/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /?pa?/
• Hyphenation: par

Noun

par m (plural pares)

1. pair
2. partner
3. couple
4. peer
5. (golf) par

Derived terms

• grupo de pares

Adjective

par m or f (plural pares, not comparable)

1. (mathematics) even

   Antonym: impar

Related terms

• díspar
• ímpar
• paridade

Romanian

Etymology 1

From Latin p?lus (“stake”), from Proto-Italic *p?kslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh??-slos, from *peh??-.

Noun

par m (plural pari)

1. stake

Related terms

• împ?ra

See also

• ?eap?

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin par.

Adjective

par m or n (feminine singular par?, masculine plural pari, feminine and neuter plural pare)

1. (of an integer) even; divisible by two

Antonyms

• impar

Etymology 3

Form of p?rea.

Verb

par

1. first-person singular present indicative of p?rea
2. first-person singular present subjunctive of p?rea
3. third-person plural present indicative of p?rea

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From German Paar, from Latin par (“equal, like”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pâ?r/

Noun

p?r m (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. pair, couple
2. (informal) few, handful, several

Declension

Derived terms

• p?ran

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pà?r/

Noun

pár m inan

1. pair
2. some, a couple (of)
3. couple (two partners)
4. (golf)) par
5. (card games) (poker) pair

Inflection

Synonyms

• (some): nekaj

See also

Further reading

• “par”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin p?r (“equal, like”), from Proto-Indo-European *per (“exchange”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pa?/, [?pa?]

Adjective

par (plural pares)

1. even (divisible by two)

   Antonym: impar

Derived terms

Noun

par m (plural pares)

1. pair (two of the same or similar items that go together)

2. couple (two of the same or similar items)

3. (physics) two equal non-collinear forces; that is a force couple in Newtonian mechanics
4. peer (somebody who is, or something that is, at a level equal)
5. some, a few

Noun

par f (plural pares)

1. (finance) par (acceptable level)

Derived terms

Related terms

• impar
• parejo

Further reading

• “par” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Pronunciation

Noun

par n

1. a pair, a couple (either two or a few of something)
2. a couple, two people who are dating

Declension

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Finnish: pari

Anagrams

• apr, rap

Tok Pisin

Noun

par

1. stingray

Venetian

Alternative forms

• paro
• pèr

Etymology

From Latin p?r. Compare Italian paio.

Noun

par m (plural pari)

1. pair

West Frisian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

par c (plural parren, diminutive parke)

1. pear

Further reading

• “par”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011