different between rough vs ignorant

English

Alternative forms

• ruff (colloquial)

Etymology

From Middle English rough, rogh, ro?e, row, rou, ru, ru?, ruh, from Old English r?g, r?h, from Proto-Germanic *r?haz. Cognate with Scots ruch, rouch (“rough”), Saterland Frisian ruuch, rouch (“rough”), West Frisian rûch (“rough”), Low German ruuch (“rough”), Dutch ruig (“rough”), German rau(h) (“rough”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /??f/
• Rhymes: -?f
• Homophone: ruff

Adjective

rough (comparative rougher, superlative roughest)

1. Not smooth; uneven.
   • 1922, Virginia Woolf, Jacob's Room Chapter 1

     The rock was one of those tremendously solid brown, or rather black, rocks which emerge from the sand like something primitive. Rough with crinkled limpet shells and sparsely strewn with locks of dry seaweed, a small boy has to stretch his legs far apart, and indeed to feel rather heroic, before he gets to the top.

2. Approximate; hasty or careless; not finished.

3. Turbulent.
   • 1927-29, M.K. Gandhi, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, translated 1940 by Mahadev Desai, Part I, Chapter xii:

     With my mother's permission and blessings, I set off exultantly for Bombay, leaving my wife with a baby of a few months. But on arrival there, friends told my brother that the Indian Ocean was rough in June and July, and as this was my first voyage, I should not be allowed to sail until November.

4. Difficult; trying.

5. Crude; unrefined

6. Violent; not careful or subtle

7. Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating.

   • But most by Numbers judge a Poet's song,
     And smooth or rough, with them

8. Not polished; uncut; said of a gem.

9. Harsh-tasting.

10. (chiefly Britain, colloquial, slang) Somewhat ill; sick
11. (chiefly Britain, colloquial, slang) Unwell due to alcohol; hungover

Antonyms

• smooth

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

rough (plural roughs)

1. The unmowed part of a golf course.
2. A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.
3. (cricket) A scuffed and roughened area of the pitch, where the bowler's feet fall, used as a target by spin bowlers because of its unpredictable bounce.
4. The raw material from which faceted or cabochon gems are created.
5. A quick sketch, similar to a thumbnail but larger and more detailed, used for artistic brainstorming.
6. (obsolete) Boisterous weather.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Fletcher to this entry?)

7. A piece inserted in a horseshoe to keep the animal from slipping.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

rough (third-person singular simple present roughs, present participle roughing, simple past and past participle roughed)

1. To create in an approximate form.

2. (ice hockey) To commit the offense of roughing, i.e. to punch another player.
3. To render rough; to roughen.
4. To break in (a horse, etc.), especially for military purposes.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Crabb to this entry?)

5. To endure primitive conditions.
6. (transitive) To roughen a horse's shoes to keep the animal from slipping.

Derived terms

Translations

Adverb

rough (comparative more rough, superlative most rough)

1. In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.

Derived terms

• sleep rough

English

Alternative forms

• ignoraunt (obsolete)

Etymology

From Old French ignorant. Surface analysis: ignore +? -ant.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???n???nt/
• Hyphenation: ig?no?rant

Adjective

ignorant (comparative ignoranter or more ignorant, superlative ignorantest or most ignorant)

1. Unknowledgeable or uneducated; characterized by ignorance.
   • 1663, John Tillotson, The Wisdom of being Religious

     That man that doth not know those things which are of use and necessity for him to know, is but an ignorant man, whatever he may know besides;

   • 1766, Oliver Goldsmith, The Vicar of Wakefield, London: F. Newbery, Volume I, Chapter 15, p. 150,^[1]

     The ignorant peasant, without fault, is greater than the philosopher with many; for what is genius or courage without an heart?

2. Not knowing (a fact or facts), unaware (of something).
   • 1611, King James Version of the Bible, 2 Corinthians 1:8,^[2]

     For we would not, brethren, have you ignorant of our trouble which came to us in Asia, that we were pressed out of measure, above strength, insomuch that we despaired even of life:

   • 1677, John Dryden, The State of Innocence and Fall of Man, London: Henry Herringman, Act II, p. 14,^[3]

     Eve. Somewhat forbids me, which I cannot name;

     For ignorant of guilt, I fear not shame:

     But some restraining thought, I know not why,

     Tells me, you long should beg, I long deny.

   • 1851, Walt Whitman, “Art and Artists” in Emory Holloway (editor), The Uncollected Poetry and Prose of Walt Whitman, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921, Volume 1, p. 242,^[4]

     […] perhaps it is sometimes the case that the greatest artists live and die, the world and themselves alike ignorant what they possess.

   • 1921, John T. McCutcheon, The Restless Age, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, p. 179,^[5]

     That night he slept the sleep of happiness, blissfully ignorant that he had placed the letters in the wrong envelopes.

3. (slang) Ill-mannered, crude.

4. (obsolete) unknown; undiscovered
   • c. 1604, William Shakespeare, Othello, Act IV, Scene 2,^[6]

     Alas, what ignorant sin have I committed?

   • c. 1610, William Shakespeare, The Winter’s Tale, Act I, Scene 2,^[7]

     […] I beseech you,

     If you know aught which does behove my knowledge

     Thereof to be inform’d, imprison't not

     In ignorant concealment.

   • 1845, Robert Browning, letter addressed to Elizabeth Barrett Browning, cited in Percy Lubbock, Elizabeth Barrett Browning in Her Letters, London: Smith, Elder & Co., 1906, Chapter 4, p. 106,^[8]

     […] as to you, your goodness and understanding will always see to the bottom of involuntary or ignorant faults—always help me to correct them.

5. Resulting from ignorance; foolish; silly.
   • c. 1609, William Shakespeare, Cymbeline, Act III, Scene 1,^[9]

     […] his shipping—

     Poor ignorant baubles!— upon our terrible seas,

     Like eggshells moved upon their surges, crack’d

     As easily ’gainst our rocks:

   • 1916, Mark Twain, The Mysterious Stranger edited by Albert Paine, New York: Harper & Bros., Chapter 8, p. 112,^[10]

     He had never felt a pain or a sorrow, and did not know what they were, in any really informing way. He had no knowledge of them except theoretically—that is to say, intellectually. And of course that is no good. One can never get any but a loose and ignorant notion of such things except by experience.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:ignorant

Derived terms

• ignorantly

Related terms

Translations

Noun

ignorant (plural ignorants)

1. One who is ignorant.

Anagrams

• ornating

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /i?.no??ant/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /i?.nu??an/

Etymology 1

From Latin ign?r?ns.

Adjective

ignorant (masculine and feminine plural ignorants)

1. ignorant

Related terms

• ignorància
• ignorar

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

ignorant

1. present participle of ignorar

Further reading

• “ignorant” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “ignorant” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “ignorant” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “ignorant” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [???norant]
• Rhymes: -orant

Noun

ignorant m

1. ignoramus, ignorant

   Synonyms: nev?domec, neználek

   Antonym: znalec

   Antonym: všev?d

Related terms

• ignorovat

Further reading

• ignorant in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• ignorant in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989
• ignorant in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz

Danish

Etymology

From Latin ign?r?ns (“not knowing”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [injo???n?d?], [enjo???n?d?], [ino???n?d?]

Adjective

ignorant (plural and definite singular attributive ignorante)

1. ignorant

Inflection

ignorant

Noun

ignorant c (singular definite ignoranten, plural indefinite ignoranter)

1. ignoramus

Inflection

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???no?r?nt/

Adjective

ignorant (comparative ignoranter, superlative ignorantst)

1. ignorant

Inflection

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.??.???/
• Homophone: ignorants

Etymology 1

From Latin ign?r?ns.

Adjective

ignorant (feminine singular ignorante, masculine plural ignorants, feminine plural ignorantes)

1. ignorant

Related terms

• ignorance
• ignorer

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

ignorant

1. present participle of ignorer

Further reading

• “ignorant” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

German

Etymology

From Latin ign?r?ns.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??n???ant/
• Rhymes: -ant

Adjective

ignorant (comparative ignoranter, superlative am ignorantesten)

1. ignorant

Declension

Related terms

Further reading

• “ignorant” in Duden online
• “ignorant” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /i??no?.rant/, [???no??än?t?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /i???o.rant/, [i???????n?t?]

Verb

ign?rant

1. third-person plural present active indicative of ign?r?

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin ign?r?ns.

Adjective

ignorant m (feminine singular ignoranta, masculine plural ignorants, feminine plural ignorantas)

1. ignorant

Related terms

• ignoráncia
• ignorar

Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i?u?ra?t/

Adjective

ignorant

1. ignorant

Related terms

• ignoransa
• ignoré

Noun

ignorant m

1. ignorant (person)

Polish

Etymology

From Latin ign?rantis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i??n?.rant/

Noun

ignorant m pers (feminine ignorantka)

1. ignorant

Declension

Derived terms

• (adjective) ignorancki

Related terms

• (noun) ignorancja

Further reading

• ignorant in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• ignorant in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

From French ignorant.

Adjective

ignorant m or n (feminine singular ignorant?, masculine plural ignoran?i, feminine and neuter plural ignorante)

1. ignorant

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i?n?rant/
• Hyphenation: ig?no?rant

Noun

ignòrant m (Cyrillic spelling ?????????)

1. ignorant

Declension