different between rough vs crabbed
rough
English
Alternative forms
- ruff (colloquial)
Etymology
From Middle English rough, rogh, ro?e, row, rou, ru, ru?, ruh, from Old English r?g, r?h, from Proto-Germanic *r?haz. Cognate with Scots ruch, rouch (“rough”), Saterland Frisian ruuch, rouch (“rough”), West Frisian rûch (“rough”), Low German ruuch (“rough”), Dutch ruig (“rough”), German rau(h) (“rough”).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /??f/
- Rhymes: -?f
- Homophone: ruff
Adjective
rough (comparative rougher, superlative roughest)
- Not smooth; uneven.
- 1922, Virginia Woolf, Jacob's Room Chapter 1
- The rock was one of those tremendously solid brown, or rather black, rocks which emerge from the sand like something primitive. Rough with crinkled limpet shells and sparsely strewn with locks of dry seaweed, a small boy has to stretch his legs far apart, and indeed to feel rather heroic, before he gets to the top.
- 1922, Virginia Woolf, Jacob's Room Chapter 1
- Approximate; hasty or careless; not finished.
- Turbulent.
- 1927-29, M.K. Gandhi, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, translated 1940 by Mahadev Desai, Part I, Chapter xii:
- With my mother's permission and blessings, I set off exultantly for Bombay, leaving my wife with a baby of a few months. But on arrival there, friends told my brother that the Indian Ocean was rough in June and July, and as this was my first voyage, I should not be allowed to sail until November.
- 1927-29, M.K. Gandhi, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, translated 1940 by Mahadev Desai, Part I, Chapter xii:
- Difficult; trying.
- Crude; unrefined
- Violent; not careful or subtle
- Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating.
- But most by Numbers judge a Poet's song,
And smooth or rough, with them
- But most by Numbers judge a Poet's song,
- Not polished; uncut; said of a gem.
- Harsh-tasting.
- (chiefly Britain, colloquial, slang) Somewhat ill; sick
- (chiefly Britain, colloquial, slang) Unwell due to alcohol; hungover
Antonyms
- smooth
Derived terms
Translations
Noun
rough (plural roughs)
- The unmowed part of a golf course.
- A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.
- (cricket) A scuffed and roughened area of the pitch, where the bowler's feet fall, used as a target by spin bowlers because of its unpredictable bounce.
- The raw material from which faceted or cabochon gems are created.
- A quick sketch, similar to a thumbnail but larger and more detailed, used for artistic brainstorming.
- (obsolete) Boisterous weather.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Fletcher to this entry?)
- A piece inserted in a horseshoe to keep the animal from slipping.
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
rough (third-person singular simple present roughs, present participle roughing, simple past and past participle roughed)
- To create in an approximate form.
- (ice hockey) To commit the offense of roughing, i.e. to punch another player.
- To render rough; to roughen.
- To break in (a horse, etc.), especially for military purposes.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Crabb to this entry?)
- To endure primitive conditions.
- (transitive) To roughen a horse's shoes to keep the animal from slipping.
Derived terms
Translations
Adverb
rough (comparative more rough, superlative most rough)
- In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.
Derived terms
- sleep rough
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crabbed
English
Etymology
From Middle English crabbed; equivalent to crab +? -ed.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /k?æbd/
- Rhymes: -æbd
Adjective
crabbed (comparative more crabbed, superlative most crabbed)
- Bad-tempered or cantankerous.
- c. 1610-11, William Shakespeare, The Tempest, Act III scene i[1]:
- […] O, she is / Ten times more gentle than her father's crabb'd, / And he's composed of harshness.
- c. 1610-11, William Shakespeare, The Tempest, Act III scene i[1]:
- Cramped, bent.
- c. 1800 Robert Southey, Winter:
- A wrinkled crabbed man they picture thee,
- Old Winter, with a rugged beard as grey
- As the long moss upon the apple-tree; […]
- c. 1800 Robert Southey, Winter:
- (of handwriting) Crowded together and difficult to read.
- (aviation, of an aircraft) Pointed at an angle to the runway during approach and landing to compensate for a crosswind.
Derived terms
- crabbedly
- crabbedness
Translations
Verb
crabbed
- simple past tense and past participle of crab
Middle English
Alternative forms
- crabbid, crabbyd, crabbede
Etymology
From crabbe +? -ed.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?krabid/, /?krab?d/
Adjective
crabbed
- immoral, backwards, savage, rapacious
- crabbed, ill-tempered, vengeful
- (rare) Moving in reverse.
Derived terms
- crabbednes
- crabbidly
Descendants
- English: crabbed
- Scots: crabbit
References
- “crabbed, ppl.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-07.
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