different between rigid vs rigorous

English

Etymology

From Middle English rigide, from Latin rigidus (“stiff”), from rige? (“I am stiff”). Compare rigor. Merged with Middle English rigged, rygged, rugged (“upright like a spine, rigid”, literally “ridged”), from ridge +? -ed.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???d??d/
• Rhymes: -?d??d

Adjective

rigid (comparative rigider or more rigid, superlative rigidest or most rigid)

1. Stiff, rather than flexible.

   Synonym: inflexible

   Antonym: flexible

2. Fixed, rather than moving.
   • 2011, David Foster Wallace, The Pale King,Penguin Books, page 5:

     A sunflower, four more, one bowed, and horses in the distance standing rigid and still as toys.

   Antonym: moving

3. Rigorous and unbending.
4. Uncompromising.

   Antonym: compromising

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

rigid (plural rigids)

1. (aviation) An airship whose shape is maintained solely by an internal and/or external rigid structural framework, without using internal gas pressure to stiffen the vehicle (the lifting gas is at atmospheric pressure); typically also equipped with multiple redundant gasbags, unlike other types of airship.

2. A bicycle with no suspension system.

Synonyms

(airship):

• Zeppelin (broad sense)

Hyponyms

(airship):

• Zeppelin (narrow sense)

Hypernyms

(airship):

• dirigible

Coordinate terms

(airship):

• nonrigid
• semirigid

References

• rigid in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• rigid in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Old Irish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *regeti (“to stretch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?re?- (“to straighten, right oneself”).

Verb

rigid (conjunct ·reig or ·raig)

1. to stretch, to distend
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 20^a23

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

• Middle Irish: rigid
  • Irish: righ (“to stretch”)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *rigeti (“bind”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey?- (“to bind, reach”).

Verb

rigid (conjunct ·rig)

1. to rule, direct
   • c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy, §30

   • c. 800-840, Orthanach, A Chóicid chóem Chairpri chrúaid from the Book of Leinster, LL line 6094

Derived terms

Descendants

• Middle Irish: rigid

References

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 rigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language (both etymologies)
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “2 rigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language (as root of derivatives of Etymology 2)

Romanian

Etymology

From French rigide.

Adjective

rigid m or n (feminine singular rigid?, masculine plural rigizi, feminine and neuter plural rigide)

1. rigid

Declension

Related terms

• rigiditate

English

Alternative forms

• rigourous (non?standard)

Etymology

From Old French, from Late Latin rigorosus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???????s/
• Rhymes: -?????s

Adjective

rigorous (comparative more rigorous, superlative most rigorous)

1. Showing, causing, or favoring rigour; scrupulously accurate or strict; thorough.

   a rigorous officer of justice

   a rigorous execution of law

   a rigorous inspection
2. Severe; intense.

   a rigorous winter.

Synonyms

• (showing, causing or favoring rigor): painstaking, scrupulous; see also Thesaurus:meticulous
• (severe; intense): harsh, strict; see also Thesaurus:stern

Antonyms

• (severe; intense): arbitrary, capricious, whimsical

Derived terms

• nonrigorous
• overrigorous
• rigorously
• rigorousness
• unrigorous

Related terms

• rigid
• rigour

Translations

Further reading

• rigorous at OneLook Dictionary Search
• rigorous in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.