different between retardation vs retarded

English

Etymology

retard +? -ation

Noun

retardation (countable and uncountable, plural retardations)

1. The act of retarding or delaying; hindrance.
   1. (acoustics) The distance by which one wave is behind another.
   2. (music) The act of diminishing the rate of speed.
   3. (telegraphy) A decrease in the speed of telegraph signalling.
2. The extent to which anything is retarded; the result of any retarding or delay; mental, social, or physical slowness.
3. (colloquial, derogatory, offensive) Extreme stupidity.
4. That which retards; an obstacle; an obstruction.
5. (physics) Deceleration; reduction in the magnitude of velocity.
6. (music) A suspension which resolves upwards.

Related terms

References

• retardation in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• retardation in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

English

Etymology

From retard +? -ed.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /???t??d?d/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?i?t??d?d/

Adjective

retarded (comparative more retarded, superlative most retarded)

1. Delayed; delayed in development, hindered; impeded. [from 17th c.]
   • 2004, Duncan Mackay, The Observer, 8 Aug 2004:

     HGH, which was originally developed to assist children with retarded growth, is believed to be especially popular with sprinters.

2. (psychology, now offensive, dated) Having mental retardation; mentally deficient or underdeveloped.
   • 2000, Kate Connolly, The Guardian, 19 Apr 2000:

     The European Roma Rights Centre in Budapest, which is representing the children - from the north-eastern city of Ostrava - said that the education ministry and local authorities had for decades "perpetuated a system which routinely brands disproportionate numbers of Gypsies as mentally retarded".

3. (psychology, now offensive, dated) Specifically, having an IQ below 70. [from 19th c.]
4. (colloquial, derogatory, offensive) Extremely stupid. [from 20th c.]
   • 1988, Raymond E Feist, Faerie Tale:

     Looking at Jack, Gabbie said, "What?" "That's the Troll Bridge." She groaned at the pun. "That's retarded."

5. (physics) Designating a parameter of an electromagnetic field which is adjusted to account for the finite speed of radiation. [from 20th c.]

Translations

Verb

retarded

1. simple past tense and past participle of retard

Anagrams

• retraded

Cebuano

Etymology

From English retarded, from retard, from Middle English, from Anglo-Norman or Latin, from Old French retarder, from Latin retard?re (“to retard”), from re- + tardus (“slow”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: re?tar?ded

Adjective

retarded

1. retarded; having mental retardation; mentally deficient

Noun

retarded

1. a retard