different between reference vs association
reference
- For information on how references should be handled on Wiktionary, see Wiktionary:References
English
Etymology
From Middle French référence, from Medieval Latin referentia, nominative neuter plural of refer?ns, present participle of refer? (“return, reply”, literally “carry back”).
Morphologically refer +? -ence.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???f.(?)??ns/
- (obsolete) IPA(key): /???f???ns/
- Hyphenation: ref?er?ence
Noun
reference (countable and uncountable, plural references)
- (literary or archaic) A relationship or relation (to something).
- A measurement one can compare to.
- Information about a person, provided by someone (a referee) with whom they are well acquainted.
- A person who provides this information; a referee.
- A reference work.
- (attributive) That which serves as a reference work.
- The act of referring: a submitting for information or decision.
- (semantics) A relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object.
- (academic writing) A short written identification of a previously published work which is used as a source for a text.
- (academic writing) A previously published written work thus indicated; a source.
- (computing) An object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere, as opposed to containing the data itself.
- (programming, character entity) A special sequence used to represent complex characters in markup languages, such as
™
for the ™ symbol. - (obsolete) Appeal.
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Translations
See also
- sense
- handle
Verb
reference (third-person singular simple present references, present participle referencing, simple past and past participle referenced)
- To provide a list of references for (a text).
- To refer to, to use as a reference.
- To mention, to cite.
- (programming) To contain the value that is a memory address of some value stored in memory.
Usage notes
Some authorities object to the use of reference as a verb with a meaning other than “provide a list of references for,” preferring refer to or cite in these cases. Others allow the meaning “refer to” but reject “mention.” Nevertheless, the proscribed usages are common in both writing and speech.
Related terms
- referee
- referent
- referential
- relate
- relation
Translations
References
Further reading
- reference in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- reference in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- reference at OneLook Dictionary Search
reference From the web:
- what reference means
- what reference point is illustrated here
- what references should you include
- what reference is favored in hospital pharmacies
- what reference style is this
- what reference is used to describe a township
- what references a velocity
- what references to give for a job
association
English
Etymology
From Latin associ?ti?, from associ? (perhaps via French association).Morphologically associate +? -ion
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /??s???i?e???n/, /??s??si?e???n/
- (General American) IPA(key): /??so??i?e???n/, /??so?si?e???n/
- Rhymes: -e???n
Noun
association (countable and uncountable, plural associations)
- The act of associating.
- The state of being associated; a connection to or an affiliation with something.
- (statistics) Any relationship between two measured quantities that renders them statistically dependent (but not necessarily causal or a correlation).
- A group of persons associated for a common purpose; an organization; society.
- (object-oriented programming) Relationship between classes of objects that allows one object instance to cause another to perform an action on its behalf.
Synonyms
- (state of being associated): connection; See also Thesaurus:relation
- ass'n (abbreviation)
Derived terms
- guilt by association
Related terms
Translations
See also
- alliance
- coalition
- league
- union
Danish
Noun
association c (singular definite associationen, plural indefinite associationer)
- association
- 2007, Drømmenes dimensioner, Gyldendal A/S (?ISBN), page 83
- Børn blokerer desuden ofte for associationer af angst for drømmeindholdet.
- Furthermore, children often block associations of anxiety for the dream content.
- Børn blokerer desuden ofte for associationer af angst for drømmeindholdet.
- 2014, Klaus Kjøller, Sprogets Vej til Sindets Fred, 2. rev. vej, nu med Dit og Dat, KJOELLER.dk (?ISBN)
- I stedet for det dagligsproglige 'tilintetgørelse', som kan rumme negative associationer af ødelæggelse og brutalitet, benytter vi på Sprogets Vej det pluskorrigerede udtryk 'ophævelse'.
- Instead of the everyday word "annihilation", which may contain negative associations of destruction and brutality, we use, on the Way of Language, the plus-corrected [?] expression "cancellation".
- I stedet for det dagligsproglige 'tilintetgørelse', som kan rumme negative associationer af ødelæggelse og brutalitet, benytter vi på Sprogets Vej det pluskorrigerede udtryk 'ophævelse'.
- 2002, Anne Ring Petersen, Storbyens billeder: fra industrialisme til informationsalder, Museum Tusculanum Press (?ISBN), page 113
- ... vil de, skriver Allouay, fortrinsvis vække associationer af urban karakter.
- ... they will, Allouay writes, predominantly arouse associations of an urban/urbane character.
- ... vil de, skriver Allouay, fortrinsvis vække associationer af urban karakter.
- 1999, Bogens verden
- ... hvert sted åbner der sig en verden af formrigdom, af mulige associationer, af historier og sammenhænge, som kan foldes ud af det banale.
- ... everywhere, a world of shape-wealth, of possible associations, of stories and connections that can be unfolded from banality opens.
- ... hvert sted åbner der sig en verden af formrigdom, af mulige associationer, af historier og sammenhænge, som kan foldes ud af det banale.
- 2007, Drømmenes dimensioner, Gyldendal A/S (?ISBN), page 83
- group of persons united for some purpose
Declension
Further reading
- “association” in Den Danske Ordbog
French
Etymology
From associer +? -tion.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.s?.sja.sj??/
- Homophone: associations
Noun
association f (plural associations)
- association, society, group
- (commerce, economics) partnership
- association (of related terms, ideas etc.), combination
- (object-oriented programming) association
Derived terms
- association libre
Descendants
- ? Romanian: asocia?ie
Further reading
- “association” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
association From the web:
- what association mean
- what association maintains and publishes cpt
- what association publishes the cpt
- what associations offer health insurance
- what associations are learned during extinction
- what associations today are the descendants of the guild
- what association is correct
- what association is learned in classical conditioning
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