different between rath vs math

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Irish ráth.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /????/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?æ?/
• Rhymes: -???, Rhymes: -æ?
• Homophone: wrath (some dialects)

Noun

rath (plural raths)

1. (historical) A walled enclosure, especially in Ireland; a ringfort built sometime between the Iron Age and the Viking Age.
   • 1907, James Woods, Annals of Westmeath, Ancient and Modern:

     There are numerous Danish raths in the parish.

   • 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, The Whisperer in Darkness, chapter 1:

     Those with Celtic legendry in their heritage—mainly the Scotch-Irish element of New Hampshire, and their kindred who had settled in Vermont on Governor Wentworth’s colonial grants—linked them vaguely with the malign fairies and “little people” of the bogs and raths, and protected themselves with scraps of incantation handed down through many generations.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Hindi ?? (rath), from Sanskrit ?? (ratha).

Noun

rath (plural raths)

1. A Burmese carriage of state.

Etymology 3

Adjective

rath (comparative more rath, superlative most rath)

1. Alternative form of rathe.

Anagrams

• Arth, HART, Hart, Thar, hart, tahr, thar

Cornish

Noun

rath f (plural rathes)

1. rat

Synonyms

• (Revived Late Cornish) logojen vroas

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish rath (“grace, virtue”), from Proto-Celtic *?ratom (“grace, virtue, good fortune”), from the root *?ar- (“bestow”) (whence Old Irish ernaid, from Proto-Indo-European *perh?- (“bestow, give”) (whence also Sanskrit ?????? (p????ti, “grant, bestow”), Latin par? (“prepare”)).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /???h/
• (Cois Fharraige) IPA^(key): /??a/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /??ah/

Noun

rath m (genitive singular ratha)

1. (literary) bestowal, grant; grace, favour; gift, bounty
2. prosperity
3. abundance
4. usefulness, good

Declension

Derived terms

• anrath (“ill-luck”)

Further reading

• Matasovi?, Ranko (2009) , “far-na-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, ?ISBN, page 122
• Matasovi?, Ranko (2009) , “frato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, ?ISBN, page 140
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 rath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• “ra?” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 2nd ed., 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
• "rath" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• “prosperity” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
• “success” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• rað

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *raþ? (“wheel”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r??/

Noun

rath n

1. wheel

Declension

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English math, from Old English m?þ (“a mowing, that which is mown, cutting of grass”), from Proto-Germanic *m?þ? (“a mowing”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?meh?- (“to mow”); equivalent to mow +? -th. Cognate with German Mahd (“a mowing, reaping”). Related also to Old English m?d (“mead, meadow, pasture”). See meadow.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /mæ?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /m???/
• Rhymes: -æ?, -???

Noun

math (plural maths)

1. A mowing; what is gathered from mowing.

   Hyponyms: aftermath, foremath, lattermath

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Contraction of mathematics.

Alternative forms

• maths (UK, Australia)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mæ?/
• Rhymes: -æ?

Noun

math (countable and uncountable, plural maths)

1. (uncountable, Canada, US) Clipping of mathematics.
2. (uncountable, Canada, US) Arithmetic calculations; (see do the math).

   If you do the math, you'll see that it’s not such a bargain.

   $170 a month? That doesn’t sound right. Let me check your math.

3. (countable, Canada, US) A math course.

   They needed to take two more maths in order to graduate.

Hyponyms

• new math
• napkin math

Derived terms

• MathML

Related terms

• check the math
• do the math

Translations

Further reading

• mathematics on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Verb

math (third-person singular simple present maths, present participle mathing, simple past and past participle mathed)

1. (colloquial, informal) to do mathematical calculations

Etymology 3

Contraction of matha.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /m?t/, /m??t/

Noun

math (plural maths)

1. (Hinduism, Jainism) Clipping of matha.

Anagrams

• THAM, Tham

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *matus, commonly understood as a euphemistic derivation from *matis (“good”), cf. Proto-Germanic *berô (“the brown one”), Proto-Slavic *medv?d? (“honey-eater”), Latvian l?cis (“stomper, pounder”). A cognate is apparently attested in the Gaulish personal name Matugenos if this means “born of a bear”, and a possibly related Celtiberian matus of uncertain meaning is also attested.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma?/

Noun

math m (genitive matho)

1. bear

Inflection

Derived terms

• mathgamain

Mutation

References

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma?/, /mah/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish maith, from Proto-Celtic *matis, from Proto-Indo-European *meh?-. Cognate with Welsh mad, Breton mad, Cornish mas. Compare Irish maith, Manx mie.

Adjective

math (genitive singular masculine maith, genitive singular feminine maithe, nominative plural matha, comparative fheàrr)

1. good

Declension

Synonyms

• deagh (slightly stronger)

Derived terms

• an ìre mhath (“almost”)
• cho math ri sin (“furthermore”)
• math dha-rìribh (“excellent; genuine”)
• 's math a rinn thu! (“well done!”)
• math fhèin (“excellent”)

Adverb

math

1. well

Antonyms

• dona
• olc
• droch

Derived terms

• a cheart cho math
• is math le

Noun

math m (genitive singular maith)

1. good
2. advantage, profit, use, utility

Derived terms

• math na bà

Etymology 2

From Old Irish maithid (“remits, excuses; pardons, forgives; remits, abates, withholds; gives up (claim to); renounces”), from maith (“good”).

Verb

math (past mhath, future mathaidh, verbal noun mathadh, past participle mathte)

1. forgive, excuse, pardon, condone, remit

Alternative forms

• (verb): maith

References

• “math” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 1911, ?ISBN.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “maith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “maithid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Welsh

Etymology

A variation on bath (“kind, sort”). For similar instances of alternation between b and m, see benyw and menyw, beiddio and meiddio, bainc and mainc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma??/

Noun

math m (plural mathau)

1. kind, sort, type

   Synonym: siort

Mutation

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “math”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies