different between rastrum vs podium

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rastrum (“rake”).

Noun

rastrum (plural rastrums)

1. A five-pointed writing implement used to draw parallel lines of a staff in sheet music.

Latin

Alternative forms

• r?str? m (in the plural)

Etymology

From r?d(?) (“I scrape”) +? -trum, from Proto-Indo-European *reh?d- + *-trom. Confer with r?dula and rallum.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ra?s.trum/, [?rä?s?t?????]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ras.trum/, [?r?st??um]

Noun

r?strum n (genitive r?str?); second declension

1. (usually in the plural) rake, hoe, mattock

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Derived terms

• r?stellus
• r?str?rius

Related terms

• r?d?

Descendants

References

• rastrum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• rastrum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rastrum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• rastrum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• rastrum in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rastrum in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• rastrum in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin podium, from Ancient Greek ?????? (pódion, “base”), from diminutive of ???? (poús, “foot”). Doublet of pew.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?p??.d?i.?m/

Noun

podium (plural podiums or podia)

1. A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra or preaching at a pulpit.
2. (sometimes proscribed) A stand used to hold notes when speaking publicly.
3. (sports and other competitions) A steepled platform upon which the three competitors with the best results may stand when being handed their medals or prize.
4. (sports) A result amongst the best three at a competition.

5. A low wall, serving as a foundation, a substructure, or a terrace wall.
   1. The dwarf wall surrounding the arena of an amphitheatre, from the top of which the seats began.
   2. The masonry under the stylobate of a temple, sometimes a mere foundation, sometimes containing chambers.
6. (botany, anatomy) A foot or footstalk.

Usage notes

Some people object to the “stand for holding notes” sense on the grounds that because of its etymology, podium ought to refer to something that is stood upon (or that at least pertains to the feet in some way), and that lectern should be used instead, as it refers to “reading”. However, this use is well established in US English and reported without comment in US dictionaries.

Synonyms

• (stand used to hold notes when speaking publicly): lectern

Translations

Verb

podium (third-person singular simple present podiums, present participle podiuming, simple past and past participle podiumed)

1. (sports, colloquial) To finish in the top three at an event or competition.

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?po?.di.(j)?m/

Noun

podium n (plural podia or podiums, diminutive podiumpje n)

1. (art, music, theater) stage

Derived terms

• hoofdpodium
• podiumbeest
• podiumkunst
• poppodium

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin podium. Doublet of puy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?.dj?m/

Noun

podium m (plural podiums or podia)

1. podium

References

• “podium” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ?????? (pódion, “base”), from diminutive of ???? (poús, “foot”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?po.di.um/, [?p?d?i???]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?po.di.um/, [?p??d?ium]

Noun

podium n (genitive podi? or pod?); second declension

1. balcony, especially in an amphitheatre

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants

References

• podium in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• podium in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• podium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• podium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• podium in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia?^[2]
• podium in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• podium in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p?u?d??m]

Noun

podium n (definite singular podiet, indefinite plural podier, definite plural podia or podiene)

1. podium
2. a dais, raised platform

References

• “podium” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

podium n (definite singular podiet, indefinite plural podium, definite plural podia)

1. podium
2. a dais, raised platform

References

• “podium” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin podium, from Ancient Greek ?????? (pódion, “base”), from diminutive of ???? (poús, “foot”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?d.jum/

Noun

podium n

1. podium

Declension

Further reading

• podium in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

From Latin podium

Noun

podium n (plural podiumuri)

1. podium

Declension