different between rack vs plague
rack
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?æk/
- Rhymes: -æk
- Homophone: wrack
Etymology 1
From Middle English rakke, rekke, from Middle Dutch rac, recke, rec (Dutch rek), see rekken.
Noun
rack (plural racks)
- A series of one or more shelves, stacked one above the other
- Any of various kinds of frame for holding luggage or other objects on a vehicle or vessel.
- Synonym: luggage rack
- (historical) A device, incorporating a ratchet, used to torture victims by stretching them beyond their natural limits.
- (nautical) A piece or frame of wood, having several sheaves, through which the running rigging passes.
- Synonym: rack block
- (nautical, slang) A bunk.
- (nautical, by extension, slang, uncountable) Sleep.
- A distaff.
- (mechanical engineering) A bar with teeth on its face or edge, to work with those of a gearwheel, pinion#, or worm, which is to drive or be driven by it.
- (mechanical engineering) A bar with teeth on its face or edge, to work with a pawl as a ratchet allowing movement in one direction only, used for example in a handbrake or crossbow.
- A cranequin, a mechanism including a rack, pinion and pawl, providing both mechanical advantage and a ratchet, used to bend and cock a crossbow.
- A set of antlers (as on deer, moose or elk).
- A cut of meat involving several adjacent ribs.
- (billiards, snooker) A hollow triangle used for aligning the balls at the start of a game.
- (slang, vulgar) A woman's breasts.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:breasts
- (climbing, caving) A friction device for abseiling, consisting of a frame with five or more metal bars, around which the rope is threaded.
- (climbing, slang) A climber's set of equipment for setting up protection and belays, consisting of runners, slings, carabiners, nuts, Friends, etc.
- A grate on which bacon is laid.
- (obsolete) That which is extorted; exaction.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Sir E. Sandys to this entry?)
- (algebra) A set with a distributive binary operation whose result is unique.
- (Britain, slang) A thousand pounds (£1,000), especially if proceeds of crime
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
rack (third-person singular simple present racks, present participle racking, simple past and past participle racked)
- To place in or hang on a rack.
- To torture (someone) on the rack.
- 1563, John Foxe, Actes and Monuments
- He was racked and miserably tormented.
- 2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin 2012, p. 228:
- As the poet Sir Thomas Wyatt later recalled, his father, Henry VII's jewel-house keeper Henry Wyatt, had been racked on the orders of Richard III, who had sat there and watched.
- 1563, John Foxe, Actes and Monuments
- To cause (someone) to suffer pain.
- (figuratively) To stretch or strain; to harass, or oppress by extortion.
- The landlords there most shamefully rack their tenants.
- 1645, Thomas Fuller, Good Thoughts in Bad Times
- Grant that I may never rack a Scripture simile beyond the true intent thereof
- (billiards, snooker, pool) To put the balls into the triangular rack and set them in place on the table.
- Synonym: rack up
- (slang, transitive) To strike (a person) in the testicles.
- (firearms) To (manually) load (a round of ammunition) from the magazine or belt into firing position in an automatic or semiautomatic firearm.
- (firearms) To move the slide bar on a shotgun in order to chamber the next round.
- (mining) To wash (metals, ore, etc.) on a rack.
- (nautical) To bind together, as two ropes, with cross turns of yarn, marline, etc.
- (structural engineering) Tending to shear a structure (that is, force it to move in different directions at different points).
- Synonym: shear
Usage notes
In senses “torture” and “suffer pain”, frequently confused with wrack (“destroy”) (more rarely, wrack (“wreckage”)), both as stand-alone verb and in compounds. In most uses, rack is correct, and wrack is incorrect. Etymologically, nerve-racking (“stressful”), pain-racked, and rack one's brain, rack one's brains (“think hard”) are correct, while rack and ruin and storm-racked are incorrect, variants of wrack and ruin (“complete destruction”) and storm-wracked (“wrecked by a storm”).
Usage guidance differs: either prefer the etymologically correct term, prefer rack to (archaic) wrack, or use either. The etymologically correct forms are preferred by some style guides, but the unetymological forms are well-established and in wide use, and other style guides simply consider them variant spellings. Other style guides categorically ban wrack as archaic, suggesting modern synonyms like wreck, ruin, or destroy. In some cases style guides are confused by the etymology, or feature unhistorical forms such as nerve-wracking.
This confusion dates to Early Modern English in the 16th century (as in rack and ruin), and is presumably due to the influence of ?wr? in words such as wreak, wreck, wrench, etc., which connote discomfort and torment. Formally termed the graphaesthesia of the graphaestheme ?wr?, since identical sound /r/ to ?r?; compare with phonaesthesia. Compare rapt/wrapt, and also ?gh? as in ghost, ghastly, ghoul.
Derived terms
- nerve-racking
- pain-racked
- rack one's brain, rack one's brains
Translations
Etymology 2
From Old English re??an (“to stretch out, extend”).
Verb
rack (third-person singular simple present racks, present participle racking, simple past and past participle racked)
- To stretch a person's joints.
Derived terms
- rack one's brain
Translations
Etymology 3
From Middle English reken, from Old Norse reka (“to be drifted, tost”)
The noun is from Middle English rak, rakke, from Middle English rek (“drift; thing tossed ashore; jetsam”), from the verb.
Verb
rack (third-person singular simple present racks, present participle racking, simple past and past participle racked)
- To drive; move; go forward rapidly; stir
- To fly, as vapour or broken clouds
Translations
Noun
rack (uncountable)
- Thin, flying, broken clouds, or any portion of floating vapour in the sky.
- 1851, Charles Kingsley, Three Fishers
- And the night rack came rolling up.
- 1607, William Shakespeare, Antony and Cleopatra, Act IV, scene 14
- Sometime we see a cloud that's dragonish ... That which is now a horse ... The rack dislimns, and makes it indistinct
- 1851, Charles Kingsley, Three Fishers
Etymology 4
From Middle English rakken.
Verb
rack (third-person singular simple present racks, present participle racking, simple past and past participle racked)
- (brewing) To clarify, and thereby deter further fermentation of, beer, wine or cider by draining or siphoning it from the dregs.
Translations
Etymology 5
See rack (“that which stretches”), or rock (verb).
Verb
rack (third-person singular simple present racks, present participle racking, simple past and past participle racked)
- (of a horse) To amble fast, causing a rocking or swaying motion of the body; to pace.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Fuller to this entry?)
Noun
rack (plural racks)
- A fast amble.
Etymology 6
See wreck.
Noun
rack (plural racks)
- (obsolete) A wreck; destruction.
- All goes to rack.
Derived terms
- rack and ruin
Etymology 7
Noun
rack (plural racks)
- (obsolete) A young rabbit, or its skin.
Etymology 8
Noun
rack
- Alternative form of arak
References
Further reading
- rack on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- rack (billiards) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams
- cark
Spanish
Noun
rack m (plural racks)
- rack
rack From the web:
- what rack to bake cookies
- what rack to bake cake on
- what racket does djokovic use
- what rack to cook pizza
- what rack to bake bread
- what rack to cook turkey on
- what racketeering
- what rack do you broil on
plague
English
Etymology
From Middle English plage, borrowed from Old French plage, from Latin pl?ga (“blow, wound”), from plang? (“to strike”). Cognate with Middle Dutch pl?ghe (> Dutch plaag), pl?ghen (> Dutch plagen); Middle Low German pl?ge; Middle High German pl?ge, pfl?ge (> German Plage); pl?gen (> German plagen); Swedish plåga; French plaie, Occitan plaga. Doublet of plaga. Displaced native Old English w?l.
Pronunciation
- enPR: pl?g, IPA(key): /ple??/, [p?l?e??]
- Rhymes: -e??
Noun
plague (countable and uncountable, plural plagues)
- (often used with the, sometimes capitalized: the Plague) The bubonic plague, the pestilent disease caused by the virulent bacterium Yersinia pestis.
- (pathology) An epidemic or pandemic caused by any pestilence, but specifically by the above disease.
- A widespread affliction, calamity or destructive influx, especially when seen as divine retribution.
- (figuratively) A grave nuisance, whatever greatly irritates.
- Collective noun for common grackles
Synonyms
- pest, pestilence
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
plague (third-person singular simple present plagues, present participle plaguing, simple past and past participle plagued)
- (transitive) To harass, pester or annoy someone persistently or incessantly.
- (transitive) To afflict with a disease or other calamity.
Derived terms
- plagued
- plaguer
Translations
Spanish
Verb
plague
- First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of plagar.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of plagar.
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of plagar.
plague From the web:
- what plague was in 1920
- what plague killed the most people
- what plague was in 1720
- what plague was in 1620
- what plague was in the 1800s
- what plague was in the 1500s
- what plague was caused by rats
- what plague did rats cause
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