different between public vs familiar

English

Alternative forms

• publick, publicke, publike, publique (all obsolete)

Etymology

From Anglo-Norman publik, public, Middle French public, publique et al., and their source, Latin p?blicus (“pertaining to the people”). Compare people.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?bl?k/
• Hyphenation: pub?lic

Adjective

public (comparative more public, superlative most public)

1. Able to be seen or known by everyone; open to general view, happening without concealment. [from 14th c.]
2. Pertaining to the people as a whole (as opposed to a private group); concerning the whole country, community etc. [from 15th c.]
   • 2010, Adam Vaughan, The Guardian, 16 Sep 2010:

     A mere 3% of the more than 1,000 people interviewed said they actually knew what the conference was about. It seems safe to say public awareness of the Convention on Biological Awareness in Nagoya - and its goal of safeguarding wildlife - is close to non-existent.
3. Officially representing the community; carried out or funded by the state on behalf of the community. [from 15th c.]
   • 2004, The Guardian, Leader, 18 Jun 2004:

     But culture's total budget is a tiny proportion of all public spending; it is one of the government's most visible success stories.

4. Open to all members of a community; especially, provided by national or local authorities and supported by money from taxes. [from 15th c.]
   • 2011, David Smith, The Guardian, 10 May 2011:

     Some are left for dead on rubbish tips, in refuge bags or at public toilets.
5. (of a company) Traded publicly via a stock market.
6. (not comparable, object-oriented programming) Accessible to the program in general, not only to the class or any subclasses.

Antonyms

• private

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

public (plural publics)

1. The people in general, regardless of membership of any particular group.
   • 2007 May 4, Martin Jacques, The Guardian

     Bush and Blair stand condemned by their own publics and face imminent political extinction.

2. (public relations) A particular group or demographic to be targeted.
   • 2005, Donald Treadwell, ?Jill B. Treadwell, Public Relations Writing: Principles in Practice (page 19)

     To the extent that you will use them to reach many other publics, the news media will also be one of your publics.

3. (archaic) A public house; an inn.

Derived terms

• antipublic
• general public
• Joe Public
• John Q. Public
• member of the public
• public relations
• public-spirited

Translations

References

• public at OneLook Dictionary Search
• public in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• public in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• public in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /py.blik/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin publicus.

Adjective

public (feminine singular publique, masculine plural publics, feminine plural publiques)

1. public

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun use of public (compare Latin publicum).

Noun

public m (plural publics)

1. public (people in general)
2. audience

   Il devait plaire à son public.

   He had to please his audience

Further reading

• “public” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Ladin

Adjective

public m pl

1. plural of publich

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin publicus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

public m (feminine singular publica, masculine plural publics, feminine plural publicas)

1. public

   Antonym: privat

Derived terms

• publicament

Noun

public m (plural publics)

1. public, audience

Old French

Alternative forms

• publik
• publiq
• publique

Adjective

public m (oblique and nominative feminine singular publique)

1. public (not private; available to the general populace)

Derived terms

• en public

References

• publik on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French public < Latin publicus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pu.blik/

Adjective

public m or n (feminine singular public?, masculine plural publici, feminine and neuter plural publice)

1. public

Noun

public n (plural publice)

1. the public

English

Etymology

From Latin famili?ris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”). Doublet of familial. Displaced native Old English h?wc?þ.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /f??m?l.i.?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /f??m?l.j?/, /f??m?l.i.?/, /f??m?l.j?/
• (US)

Adjective

familiar (comparative more familiar, superlative most familiar)

1. Known to one, or generally known; commonplace.

2. Acquainted.

3. Intimate or friendly.
4. Inappropriately intimate or friendly.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Camden to this entry?)

5. Of or pertaining to a family; familial.
   • 1822, Lord Byron, Werner

     familiar feuds

Synonyms

• (acquainted): acquainted
• (intimate, friendly): close, friendly, intimate, personal
• (inappropriately intimate or friendly): cheeky, fresh, impudent

Antonyms

• (known to one): unfamiliar, unknown
• (acquainted): unacquainted
• (intimate): cold, cool, distant, impersonal, standoffish, unfriendly

Derived terms

• overfamiliar
• familiarity
• familiarly

Related terms

• familial

Translations

Noun

familiar (plural familiars)

1. (witchcraft) An attendant spirit, often in animal or demon form.
2. (obsolete) A member of one's family or household.
3. A member of a pope's or bishop's household.
4. (obsolete) A close friend.
5. (historical) The officer of the Inquisition who arrested suspected people.

Synonyms

• nigget

Translations

See also

• daimon (a tutelary spirit that guides a person)

Further reading

• Familiar in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin famili?ris.

Adjective

familiar (masculine and feminine plural familiars)

1. familiar

Derived terms

• familiaritzar
• familiarment
• unifamiliar

Related terms

• familiaritat

Noun

familiar m or f (plural familiars)

1. relative

Related terms

• família

Further reading

• “familiar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “familiar” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “familiar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “familiar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Latin famili?ris.

Adjective

familiar m or f (plural familiares)

1. of family
2. close, familiar
3. daily, plain

Noun

familiar m (plural familiares)

1. relative

Synonyms

• parente
• achegado

Related terms

• familia
• familiaridade
• familiarizar

Further reading

• “familiar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

familiar m

1. indefinite plural of familie

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin famili?ris.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /f?.mi.?lja?/

Adjective

familiar m or f (plural familiares, comparable)

1. familiar (known to one)
2. of or relating to a family

Derived terms

• familiarmente

Related terms

• familiaridade

Noun

familiar m (plural familiares)

1. (usually in the plural) relative (person in the same family)
2. familiar (attendant spirit)

   Synonym: espírito familiar

Related terms

• família

Further reading

• “familiar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Romanian

Etymology

From French familier, from Latin familiaris.

Adjective

familiar m or n (feminine singular familiar?, masculine plural familiari, feminine and neuter plural familiare)

1. familiar

Declension

Related terms

• familiaritate

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin famili?ris.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fami?lja?/, [fa.mi?lja?]

Adjective

familiar (plural familiares)

1. familial, family
2. close, familiar
3. daily, plain

Derived terms

Noun

familiar m (plural familiares)

1. relative, family member

   Synonym: miembro de la familia, pariente

Related terms

• familia
• familiaridad
• familiarizar

Further reading

• “familiar” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.