different between prune vs shave

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?u?n/
• Rhymes: -u?n

Etymology 1

From Middle English prune, from Old French prune, from Vulgar Latin *pr?na, feminine singular formed from the neutral plural of Latin pr?num, from Ancient Greek ??????? (proûnon), variant of ???????? (proûmnon, “plum”), a loanword from a language of Asia Minor. Doublet of plum.

Noun

prune (plural prunes)

1. (obsolete) A plum.
2. The dried, wrinkled fruit of certain species of plum.

   Hyponym: alubukhara

3. (slang) An old woman, especially a wrinkly one.

Verb

prune (third-person singular simple present prunes, present participle pruning, simple past and past participle pruned)

1. (intransitive, informal) To become wrinkled like a dried plum, as the fingers and toes do when kept submerged in water.
   • 2005, Alycia Ripley, Traveling with an Eggplant (page 111)

     I hardly left that spot in my pool that month even when my fingers pruned and chlorine dried out my skin.

Synonyms

• see Thesaurus:old woman

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Old French proignier (“to trim the feathers with the beak”), earlier prooignier, ultimately from Latin pro- ("front") + rotundus (“round”) 'to round-off the front'.

Verb

prune (third-person singular simple present prunes, present participle pruning, simple past and past participle pruned)

1. (transitive, horticulture) To remove excess material from a tree or shrub; to trim, especially to make more healthy or productive.

   A good grape grower will prune the vines once a year.
2. (transitive, figuratively) To cut down or shorten (by the removal of unnecessary material).

   to prune a budget, or an essay
3. (transitive, computer science) To remove unnecessary branches from a tree data structure.
4. (obsolete) To preen; to prepare; to dress.
   • 1676, John Dryden, All For Love, Epilogue.

     For 'tis observed of every scribbling man,

     He grows a fop as fast as e'er he can;

     Prunes up, and asks his oracle, the glass,

     If pink or purple best become his face.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Edmund Spenser to this entry?)

Derived terms

• pruning
• alpha-beta pruning ^en

Translations

Anagrams

• Perun, unrep

French

Etymology

From Old French prune, from Vulgar Latin *pr?na, feminine singular formed from the neutral plural of Latin pr?num, from Ancient Greek ???????? (proûmnon).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?yn/

Noun

prune f (plural prunes)

1. plum
2. (slang) ticket (“traffic citation”)

Derived terms

Further reading

• “prune” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Latin

Noun

pr?ne

1. vocative singular of pr?nus

Middle English

Alternative forms

• pruna

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French prune, from Vulgar Latin *pr?na, from Latin pr?num, from Ancient Greek ??????? (proûnon), ???????? (proûmnon). Doublet of plomme.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?priu?n(?)/

Noun

prune (plural prunes)

1. A plum (fruit of Prunus domestica)
2. A prune (dried plum)
3. (pathology) A large, rounded boil.

Descendants

• English: prune

References

• “pr?ne, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-05-26.

Old French

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *pr?na, feminine singular formed from the neutral plural of Latin pr?num.

Noun

prune f (oblique plural prunes, nominative singular prune, nominative plural prunes)

1. plum (fruit)

Descendants

• French: prune
• Norman: preune
• Walloon: pronne
• ? Middle English: prune, pruna
  • English: prune

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pru.ne/

Noun

prune

1. plural of prun?

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: sh?v, IPA^(key): /?e?v/
• Rhymes: -e?v

Etymology 1

From Middle English shaven, schaven, from Old English s?afan (“to shave, scrape, shred, polish”), from Proto-Germanic *skaban? (“to scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *skab?- (“to cut, split, form, carve”). Cognate with West Frisian skave, Dutch schaven (“to shave, plane”), Low German schaven (“to scrape, scratch, shave”), German schaben (“to scrape, shave”), Danish skave, Norwegian Nynorsk skava, Swedish skava (“to scrape, chafe”), Icelandic skafa, Gothic ???????????????????????? (skaban, “to shear, shave”).

Verb

shave (third-person singular simple present shaves, present participle shaving, simple past shaved or (obsolete) shove, past participle shaved or shaven)

1. (transitive) To make bald or shorter by using a tool such as a razor or pair of electric clippers to cut the hair close to the skin.
2. (transitive) To cut anything in this fashion.
   • 1713, John Gay, The Rural Sports

     The labourer with the bending scythe is seen / Shaving the surface of the waving green.

3. (intransitive) To remove hair from one's face by this means.

4. (transitive) To cut finely, as with slices of meat.
5. To skim along or near the surface of; to pass close to, or touch lightly, in passing.
6. To reduce in size or weight.
7. (archaic, transitive) To be hard and severe in a bargain with; to practice extortion on; to cheat.
8. (US, slang, dated, transitive) To buy (a note) at a discount greater than the legal rate of interest, or to deduct in discounting it more than the legal rate allows.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English shave, from Old English sceafa, from Proto-Germanic *skabô.

Noun

shave (plural shaves)

1. An instance of shaving.

2. A thin slice; a shaving.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Wright to this entry?)

3. (US, slang, dated) An exorbitant discount on a note.
4. (US, slang, dated) A premium paid for an extension of the time of delivery or payment, or for the right to vary a stock contract in any particular.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of N. Biddle to this entry?)

5. A hand tool consisting of a sharp blade with a handle at each end; a spokeshave.
6. (informal) A narrow miss or escape; a close shave.
   • 1919, Edward Frederic Benson, Across the Stream

     " […] I had an awful shave getting into the harbour," remarked Archie.

Derived terms

• close shave

Translations

Anagrams

• haves, sheva

Middle English

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English sceafa, from Proto-Germanic *skabô.

Alternative forms

• schave, schafe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??a?v(?)/

Noun

shave (plural shaves)

1. A tool used for filing, shaving, or abrasion.

Descendants

• English: shave

References

• “sh?ve, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-08-02.

Etymology 2

Verb

shave

1. Alternative form of schaven