different between protocol vs custom

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French protocolle, protocole (“document, record”), from Late Latin protocollum (“the first sheet of a volume (on which contents and errata were written)”), from Byzantine Greek ??????????? (pr?tókollon, “first sheet glued onto a manuscript”), from ?????? (prôtos, “first”) + ????? (kólla, “glue”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?p???t??k?l/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?p?o?t??k?l/, /?p?o?t??k?l/, /?p?o?t??ko?l/
• Hyphenation: pro?to?col

Noun

protocol (countable and uncountable, plural protocols)

1. (now chiefly historical) The minutes, or official record, of a negotiation or transaction; especially a document drawn up officially which forms the legal basis for subsequent agreements based on it. [from 15th c.]
   • 1842, Thomas Campbell, Frederick the Great and his Times, vol. II, p. 47:

     Another account says that, on the morning of the 31st of May, the king delivered to the prince-royal the crown, the sceptre, and the key of his treasure and gave him his blessing. The privy-counsillor Vockerodt drew up at his desire a protocol of the transaction.

2. (international law, now rare) An official record of a diplomatic meeting or negotiation; later specifically, a draft document setting out agreements to be signed into force by a subsequent formal treaty. [from 17th c.]
   • 1970, Matthew Smith Anderson, The Great Powers and the Near East, 1774-1923, p. 32:

     The terms of this protocol formed the basis for the Treaty of London signed by the British, French and Russian governments on 6 July 1827.

3. (international law) An amendment to an official treaty. [from 19th c.]
   • 2002, Philippe Sands, Principles of International Environmental Law, p. 917 n. 253:

     The 1992 Protocol amended the definitions of other terms, including ‘ship’, ‘oil’ and ‘incident’: Art. 2.

4. The first leaf of a roll of papyrus, or the official mark typically found on such a page. [from 19th c.]
   • 1991, Leila Avrin, Scribes, Script, and Books, p. 146:

     They marked the beginning of each scroll with their protocol, a practice that continued in the papyrus trade in the Byzantine Empire [...] into the Islamic period, when there were bilingual protocols in Greek and Arabic.

5. The official formulas which appeared at the beginning or end of certain official documents such as charters, papal bulls etc. [from 19th c.]
   • 1985, Archivum Historiae Pontificiae, v. 23, p. 14:

     The protocol of the bull contains elements that appear to be formulaic by the time of John XVIII 's pontificate.

6. (sciences) The original notes of observations made during an experiment; also, the precise method for carrying out or reproducing a given experiment. [from 19th c.]
   • 1931, Gye & Purdy, The Cause of Cancer, p. 194:

     The following is an abstract of the protocol of the experiment: Tumour extract.—A measured 16 c.c. of minced Rous Sarcoma tissue was ground with sand and extracted with 400 c.c. of 0.8-per-cent. saline.

7. The official rules and guidelines for heads of state and other dignitaries, governing accepted behaviour in relations with other diplomatic representatives or over affairs of state. [from 19th c.]
   • 2009, Laura Johnson, "A mwah too far", The Guardian, 19 Sep 2009:

     Even the Queen (for whom the curtsey is a more standard address) was recently treated to an enthusiastic Obama embrace. Her Majesty, who is not normally known for partaking in such public displays of affection, seemed unperturbed by Michelle Obama's disregard for royal protocol.

8. (by extension) An accepted code of conduct; acceptable behaviour in a given situation or group. [from 20th c.]
   • 2010, The Guardian, 16 Jul 2010:

     For those uncertain in the protocol of handshaking a formula for the perfect handshake has been devised by scientists at the University of Manchester.
9. (computing) A set of formal rules describing how to transmit or exchange data, especially across a network. [from 20th c.]
   • 2006, Zheng & Ni, Smart Phone and Next-Generation Mobile Computing, p. 444:

     An exception is Jabber, which is designed based on an open protocol called the extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP).

10. (medicine) The set of instructions allowing a licensed medical professional to start, modify, or stop a medical or patient care order. [from 20th c.]

Synonyms

• procedure
• policy

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

protocol (third-person singular simple present protocols, present participle protocoling or protocolling, simple past and past participle protocoled or protocolled)

1. (obsolete, transitive) To make a protocol of.
2. (obsolete, intransitive) To make or write protocols, or first drafts; to issue protocols.
   • 1837 Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History

     Serene Highnesses, who sit there protocolling and manifestoing, and consoling mankind!

Translations

Anagrams

• topcolor

Catalan

Noun

protocol m (plural protocols)

1. protocol

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch protocol. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pro?.to??k?l/
• Hyphenation: pro?to?col
• Rhymes: -?l

Noun

protocol n (plural protocols or protocollen, diminutive protocolletje n)

1. protocol (collection of rules and procedures)
2. protocol (book containing official documents)
3. protocol (official record of minutes or agreements)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French protocole and German Protokoll.

Noun

protocol n (plural protocoale)

1. protocol

Declension

Romansch

Etymology

From Late Latin protocollum (“the first sheet of a volume (on which contents and errata were written)”), from Byzantine Greek ??????????? (pr?tókollon, “first sheet glued onto a manuscript”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (prôtos, “first”) + ????? (kólla, “glue”).

Noun

protocol m (plural protocols)

1. minutes (of meeting)

Welsh

Etymology

From English protocol.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pr?t?k?l/

Noun

protocol m (plural protocolau)

1. protocol

Mutation

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “protocol”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

English

Etymology

From Middle English custume, borrowed from Anglo-Norman custume, from Old French coustume, from a Vulgar Latin *c?nsu?t?men or *cost?men, from Latin c?nsu?t?dinem, accusative singular of c?nsu?t?d? (“custom, habit”), from c?nsu?sc? (“accustom, habituate”), from con- (“with”) + su?sc? (“become used or accustomed to”). First element con- derives from cum, from Old Latin com, from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *?óm (“with, along”). Second element su?sc? is from Proto-Indo-European *swe-d?h?-sk-, from *swé (“self”) + *d?eh?- (“to put, place, set”); related to Latin suus (“one's own, his own”). Displaced native Middle English wune, wone (“custom, habit, practice”) (from Old English wuna (“custom, habit, practice, rite”)), Middle English side, sid (“custom”) (from Old English sidu, sido (“custom, note, manner”)), Middle English cure (“custom, choice, preference”) (from Old English cyre (“choice, choosing, free will”)). Doublet of costume and consuetude.

Adjective form circa 1830.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k?st?m/

Noun

custom (countable and uncountable, plural customs)

1. Frequent repetition of the same behavior; way of behavior common to many; ordinary manner; habitual practice; method of doing, living or behaving.
   • Moved beyond his custom, Gama said
2. Traditional beliefs or rituals

3. (Britain) Habitual buying of goods; practice of frequenting, as a shop, factory, etc., for making purchases or giving orders; business support.
   • September 28, 1710, Joseph Addison, The Whig Examiner No. 3

     Let him have your custom, but not your votes.

4. (law) Long-established practice, considered as unwritten law, and resting for authority on long consent; usage. See Usage, and Prescription.
5. (obsolete) Familiar acquaintance; familiarity.
6. (archaic, uncountable) Toll, tax, or tribute.
   • 1769, Bible, Authorised King James Version, Oxford standard text, Romans, xiii, 7:

     Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honour to whom honour.

Synonyms

Translations

Adjective

custom (not comparable)

1. Created under particular specifications, specially to fit one's needs: specialized, unique, custom-made.

   My feet are very large, so I need custom shoes.

2. Own, personal, not standard or premade.

   We can embroider a wide range of ready designs or a custom logo.

3. (archaic) Accustomed; usual.

Derived terms

• custom-made
• custom-written

Related terms

• custom made

See also

• Thesaurus:custom-made

Translations

Verb

custom (third-person singular simple present customs, present participle customing, simple past and past participle customed)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To make familiar; to accustom.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Gray to this entry?)

2. (transitive, obsolete) To supply with customers.
3. (transitive, obsolete) To pay the customs of.
4. (intransitive, obsolete) To have a custom.

Related terms

• consuetude
• costumal
• costume
• customary
• customer
• customization
• customize

Further reading

• custom in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• custom in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.