different between prognosis vs precognition

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin progn?sis, from Ancient Greek ????????? (prógn?sis, “foreknowledge, perceiving beforehand, prediction”), from prefix ???- (pro-, “before”) + ?????? (gnôsis, “inquiry, investigation, knowing”), from ???????? (gign?sk?, “know”). First attested in the mid 17th century. Equivalent to Germanic cognate foreknowledge, Latinate cognate precognition, and Sanskritic cognate prajna.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /p????n??s?s/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /p????no?s?s/

Noun

prognosis (plural prognoses)

1. (medicine) A forecast of the future course of a disease or disorder, based on medical knowledge.
2. (medicine) The chances of recovery from a disease.
   • 1861, John Neill, Francis Gurney Smith, An Analytical Compendium of the Various Branches of Medical Science, Blanchard and Lea, page 858,

     The prognosis is unfavourable when the child is very young, when the eruption appears before the third day, or when it suddenly disappears.

   • 1987, Constance S. Kirkpatrick, Nurses' Guide to Cancer Care, Rowman and Littlefield, ?ISBN, page 132,

     Once the patient has worked through the stage of grieving at diagnosis, adjustment may be successful as therapy is begun and a prognosis is determined.

3. A forecast of the future course, or outcome, of a situation; a prediction.
   • 2008, Paul Fairfield, Why Democracy?, SUNY Press, ?ISBN, page 123,

     If free speech is the lifeblood of democracy then the fate and the prognosis of the latter are that of the former.

   • 2000, Guy R. Woolley, J. J. J. M. Goumans, P. J. Wainwright, Waste Materials in Construction, Elsevier, ?ISBN, page 19,

     The prognosis was made by taking into consideration the facts that the analog concrete had already achieved its ultimate strength by the period of 1500 days while concrete being predicted was to gain its strength limit by 1.25 time faster, that is by the period of 100 days.

Derived terms

• prognostic
• prognosticate
• prognostication

Translations

References

• 2005, Ed. Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson, The Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd edition revised), Oxford University Press, ?ISBN
• 1998, The Dorling Kindersley Illustrated Oxford Dictionary, Dorling Kindersley Limited and Oxford University Press, ?ISBN, page 654
• 2007, Ed. Elizabeth A. Martin, Concise Medical Dictionary, Oxford University Press, ?ISBN
• “prognosis”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ????????? (prógn?sis, “foreknowledge, perceiving beforehand, prediction”), from prefix ???- (pro-, “before”) + ?????? (gnôsis, “inquiry, investigation, knowing”), from ???????? (gign?sk?, “know”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /pro??no?.sis/, [p????no?s??s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pro???o.sis/, [p???????s?is]

Noun

progn?sis f (genitive progn?sis); third declension

1. forecast, prediction

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Descendants

References

• prognosis in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

English

Etymology

From Middle French precognition or its source, Latin praecognitio(n-), from praecogn?scere (“to know beforehand”). Equivalent to Germanic cognate foreknowledge and Grecian cognate prognosis.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?p?i?k???n??n?/

Noun

precognition (countable and uncountable, plural precognitions)

1. (parapsychology) Knowledge of the future; understanding of something in advance, especially as a form of supernatural or extrasensory perception. [from 15th c.]
2. (Scotland, law) The practice of taking a factual statement from a witness before a trial. [from 17th c.]
   • 1824, James Hogg, The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner:

     ‘But it seems there are some strong presumptuous proofs against you, and I came to warn you this day that a precognition is in progress, and that unless you are perfectly convinced, not only of your innocence, but of your ability to prove it, it will be the safest course for you to abscond, and let the trial go on without you.’

Synonyms

• clairvoyance
• foreknowledge
• anticipation

Derived terms

• precognitive

Related terms

• cognition

Translations