different between privilege vs esteem

English

Alternative forms

• priviledg, priviledge (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English privilege, from Anglo-Norman privilege and Old French privilege, from Latin pr?vil?gium (“ordinance or law against or in favor of an individual”), from pr?vus (“private”) + l?x, l?g- (“law”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p??v(?)l?d?/
• Hyphenation: priv?i?lege, privi?lege

Noun

privilege (countable and uncountable, plural privileges)

1. (ecclesiastical law, now chiefly historical) An exemption from certain laws granted by the Pope. [from 8th c.]
2. (countable) A particular benefit, advantage, or favor; a right or immunity enjoyed by some but not others; a prerogative, preferential treatment. [from 10th c.]

   Synonyms: franchise, freelage, immunity, prerogative, right

3. An especially rare or fortunate opportunity; the good fortune (to do something). [from 14th c.]
   • 2012, The Observer, letter, 29 April:

     I had the privilege to sit near him in the House for a small part of his Commons service and there was an additional device provided to aid his participation in debates.

4. (uncountable) The fact of being privileged; the status or existence of (now especially social or economic) benefit or advantage within a given society. [from 14th c.]

   Synonyms: advantage, foredeal

   • c. 1390, Geoffrey Chaucer, Melibeus:

     He is worthy to lesen his priuilege that mysvseth the myght and the power that is yeuen hym.

   • 2013, The Guardian, 21 Oct, (headline):

     South Africa's 'miracle transition' has not put an end to white privilege.

5. A right or immunity enjoyed by a legislative body or its members. [from 16th c.]

   Synonym: immunity

   • 2001, The Guardian, leader, 1 May:

     Dr Grigori Loutchansky is – according to a congressman speaking under congressional privilege – a "purported Russian mob figure".

6. (countable, US, finance, now rare) A stock market option. [from 19th c.]
7. (law) A common law doctrine that protects certain communications from being used as evidence in court.

8. (computing) An ability to perform an action on the system that can be selectively granted or denied to users.

   Synonym: permission

Synonyms

• claim, liberty

Derived terms

• cisprivilege

Translations

Verb

privilege (third-person singular simple present privileges, present participle privileging, simple past and past participle privileged)

1. (archaic) To grant some particular right or exemption to; to invest with a peculiar right or immunity; to authorize

2. (archaic) To bring or put into a condition of privilege or exemption from evil or danger; to exempt; to deliver.

Related terms

• allege

Translations

References

• privilege at OneLook Dictionary Search
• privilege in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• privilege in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Old French

Noun

privilege m (oblique plural privileges, nominative singular privileges, nominative plural privilege)

1. privilege (benefit only given to certain people)

Descendants

• ? English: privilege
• Middle French: privilege
  • French: privilège

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (privilege, supplement)

English

Alternative forms

• æsteem (archaic)
• esteeme (obsolete)

Etymology

First at end of 16th century; borrowed from Middle French estimer, from Latin aestim? (“to value, rate, weigh, estimate”); see estimate and aim, an older word, partly a doublet of esteem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?s?ti?m/, /?s?ti?m/
• Rhymes: -i?m

Noun

esteem (usually uncountable, plural esteems)

1. Favourable regard.

Derived terms

• self-esteem

Translations

Verb

esteem (third-person singular simple present esteems, present participle esteeming, simple past and past participle esteemed)

1. To set a high value on; to regard with respect or reverence.

   • Will he esteem thy riches?

   • You talk kindlier: we esteem you for it.

2. To regard something as valuable; to prize.
3. To look upon something in a particular way.

   • Then he forsook God, which made him, and lightly esteemed the Rock of his salvation.

   • 1535, Edmund Bonner, De vera obedientia by Stephen Gardiner (Preface)

     Thou shouldest (gentle reader) esteem his censure and authority to be of the more weighty credence.

   • Famous men, whose scientific attainments were esteemed hardly less than supernatural.

   • 1843, Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, book 3, ch. V, The English

     And greatly do I respect the solid character, — a blockhead, thou wilt say; yes, but a well-conditioned blockhead, and the best-conditioned, — who esteems all ‘Customs once solemnly acknowledged’ to be ultimate, divine, and the rule for a man to walk by, nothing doubting, not inquiring farther.

4. (obsolete) To judge; to estimate; to appraise

Synonyms

• (to regard with respect): respect, revere
• (to regard as valuable): cherish

Antonyms

• (to regard with respect): contemn, despise
• (to regard as valuable): scorn, slight

Translations

References

• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “esteem”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN

Further reading

• esteem in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• esteem in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• Mestee, mestee