different between primitive vs chief
primitive
English
Alternative forms
- primative (obsolete)
Etymology
From Old French primitif, from Latin pr?mit?vus (“first or earliest of its kind”), from pr?mus (“first”); see prime. Doublet of primitivo.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?p??m?t?v/
- Rhymes: -?m?t?v
- Hyphenation: prim?i?tive
Noun
primitive (plural primitives)
- (linguistics) An original or primary word; a word not derived from another, as opposed to derivative.
- A member of a primitive society.
- A simple-minded person.
- (computing, programming) A data type that is built into the programming language, as opposed to more complex structures.
- (computing, programming) Any of the simplest elements (instructions, statements, etc.) available in a programming language.
- A basic geometric shape from which more complex shapes can be constructed.
- (mathematics) A function whose derivative is a given function; an antiderivative.
Synonyms
- word: primitive word, radical, radical word
Translations
Adjective
primitive (comparative more primitive, superlative most primitive)
- Of or pertaining to the beginning or origin, or to early times; original; primordial; primeval; first.
- Of or pertaining to or harking back to a former time; old-fashioned; characterized by simplicity.
- Synonym: backwards
- (Can we clean up(+) this sense?) Crude, obsolete.
- primitive ideas
- (grammar) Original; primary; radical; not derived.
- Synonym: radical
- Antonyms: derivative, derived
- 1831, Noah Webster, Rudiments of English Grammar; Being an Abridgment of the Improved Grammar of the English Language, New-Haven, p.6:
- Division of words. Words are primitive or radical, and derivative or compound.
- Of primitive words. Primitive or radical words are such as cannot be divided, or separated into parts which are significant; as man, hope, bless.
- (biology) Occurring in or characteristic of an early stage of development or evolution.
- (mathematics) Not derived from another of the same type
- Synonym: imprimitive
- (linguistics, dated) most recent common ancestor (often hypothetical) of
- Synonym: proto-
- 1933, Leonard Bloomfield, Language, Henry Holt, p. 13
- We infer that other groups of related languages, such as the Germanic (or the Slavic or the Celtic), which show a similar resemblance, have arisen in the same way; it is only an accident of history that for these groups we have no written records of the earlier state of the language, as it was spoken before the differentiation set in. To these unrecorded languages we give names like Primitive Germanic (Primitive Slavic, Primitive Celtic, and so on).
Derived terms
- multiprimitive
- primitiveness
Translations
References
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /p?i.mi.tiv/
Etymology 1
See the etymology of the main entry.
Adjective
primitive
- feminine singular of primitif
Etymology 2
By ellipsis of [fonction] primitive.
Noun
primitive f (plural primitives)
- (mathematics) antiderivative
- Antonym: dérivée
See also
- intégrale
Further reading
- “primitive” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
German
Pronunciation
Adjective
primitive
- inflection of primitiv:
- strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
- strong nominative/accusative plural
- weak nominative all-gender singular
- weak accusative feminine/neuter singular
Italian
Adjective
primitive
- feminine plural of primitivo
Latin
Adjective
pr?mit?ve
- vocative masculine singular of pr?mit?vus
Norwegian Bokmål
Adjective
primitive
- definite singular of primitiv
- plural of primitiv
Norwegian Nynorsk
Adjective
primitive
- definite singular of primitiv
- plural of primitiv
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chief
English
Etymology
From Middle English chef, borrowed from Old French chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin capus (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t?i?f/
- Rhymes: -i?f
Noun
chief (plural chiefs)
- A leader or head of a group of people, organisation, etc. [from 13th c.]
- 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 4:
- My father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa, was a chief by both blood and custom.
- All firefighters report to the fire chief.
- 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 4:
- (heraldry) The top part of a shield or escutcheon; more specifically, an ordinary consisting of the upper part of the field cut off by a horizontal line, generally occupying the top third. [from 15th c.]
- 1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry:
- When the Chief is Charged with any figure, in blazon it is said to be "On a Chief".
- 1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry:
- The principal part or top of anything.
- An informal term of address, sometimes ironic.
- Hey, chief.
Synonyms
- chieftain
- chiefess (female chief)
- See also Thesaurus:boss
Derived terms
Pages starting with “chief”.
Related terms
- captain
- chef
- chieftain
Descendants
- ? Japanese: ??? (ch?fu)
- ? Swahili: chifu
Translations
Adjective
chief (comparative chiefer or more chief, superlative chiefest or most chief)
- Primary; principal.
- (Scotland) Intimate, friendly.
- 2006, James Robertson: The Testament of Gideon Mack, p 324:
- 'You’re doing it because she was your friend, not because she was a parishioner, and certainly not because of the Declaratory Articles,' Macmurray said, pushing himself forward on his seat. 'Everybody knows how chief you and she were. It was an unfitting relationship for a minister while she was alive, and it is equally unfitting for you to do her a favour like this now she's dead.'
- 2006, James Robertson: The Testament of Gideon Mack, p 324:
Translations
Verb
chief (third-person singular simple present chiefs, present participle chiefing, simple past and past participle chiefed)
- (US, slang) To smoke cannabis.
- 2012, Marquis "Cream" Cureton, When the Smoke Clears (page 268)
- He chiefed on the bud like a pro, taking long deep hits and holding it within until he had inhaled as much of the weed smoke as he could.
- 2012, Marquis "Cream" Cureton, When the Smoke Clears (page 268)
See also
- chef
Anagrams
- cheif, fiche, fiché
Middle English
Noun
chief
- Alternative form of chef
Adjective
chief
- Alternative form of chef
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French chief.
Noun
chief m (plural chiefs)
- head
Descendants
- French: chef (see there for further descendants)
Old French
Alternative forms
- cap (La Vie de Saint Léger, circa 980)
- chef, cief
Etymology
First known attestation 881 in The Sequence of Saint Eulalia. From Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?t?je?f/
Noun
chief m (oblique plural chiés, nominative singular chiés, nominative plural chief)
- (anatomy) head
- circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:
- Le chief li desarme et la face.
- He exposed his head and his face.
- Le chief li desarme et la face.
- circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:
- leader, chief
- front (foremost side of something)
Descendants
- Middle French: chief
- French: chef (see there for further descendants)
- Norman: chef
- ? Middle English: chef
- English: chief
- Scots: chief
- ? Old Spanish: xefe
- Spanish: jefe, gefe
- ? English: jefe
- ? Cebuano: hepe
- ? Asturian: xefe
- ? Galician: xefe
- ? Portuguese: chefe
- Spanish: jefe, gefe
chief From the web:
- what chiefs
- what chiefs players are injured
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