different between pretender vs charlatan

English

Etymology

pretend +? -er

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?nd?(?)

Noun

pretender (plural pretenders)

1. A person who professes beliefs and opinions that they do not hold.
2. A claimant to an abolished or already occupied throne.

Synonyms

• dissembler
• hypocrite
• phoney

Related terms

• pretend

Translations

Galician

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin praetendere, present active infinitive of praetend?.

Verb

pretender (first-person singular present pretendo, first-person singular preterite pretendín, past participle pretendido)

1. to pretend
2. first/third-person singular future subjunctive of pretender
3. first/third-person singular personal infinitive of pretender

Conjugation

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin praetendere, present active infinitive of praetend?.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /p?e.t?.?de(?)/

Verb

pretender (first-person singular present indicative pretendo, past participle pretendido)

1. to want
2. to pretend
3. to intend
4. to request
5. to aspire

Conjugation

Usage notes

• Pretender is a false friend, and does not mean pretend in the sense of to claim that or act as if something is different from what it actually is.

Related terms

• pretenso
• pretensão

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin praetendere, present active infinitive of praetend?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?eten?de?/, [p?e.t??n??d?e?]

Verb

pretender (first-person singular present pretendo, first-person singular preterite pretendí, past participle pretendido)

1. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) to pretend (claim, allege)
2. to intend, to aim (for/to)

3. to woo, to court

Usage notes

• Pretender is a false friend, and does not mean pretend in the sense of to claim that or act as if something is different from what it actually is. The Spanish word for pretend in that sense is fingir.

Conjugation

Related terms

• pretendiente
• pretencioso
• pretenso
• pretensión

English

Etymology

From Middle French charlatan, from Old Italian ciarlatano (“quack”), a blend of ciarlatore (“chatterer”) + cerretano (“hawker, quack”, literally “native of Cerreto”) (Cerreto di Spoleto being a village in Umbria, known for its quacks).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /????l?t?n/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /????l?t?n/
• Hyphenation: char?la?tan

Noun

charlatan (plural charlatans)

1. (obsolete) A mountebank, someone who addresses crowds in the street; (especially), an itinerant seller of medicines or drugs.
   • 1751, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, vol I, ch. 38:

     The poor foreigner, more dead than alive, answered that he was an Italian charlatan, who had practised with some reputation in Padua […] .

2. A malicious trickster; a fake person, especially one who deceives for personal profit.

   Synonyms: trickster, swindler; see also Thesaurus:deceiver

   • 2018 (June), Ian Murray in The Independent

     That this disgraceful charlatan holds one of the great offices of state in this country should be a source of constant shame and embarrassment to the Prime Minister.

Related terms

• charlatanism
• charlatanry

Translations

French

Etymology

From Italian ciarlatano. Pejorative meaning first recorded 1668.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a?.la.t??/

Noun

charlatan m (plural charlatans, feminine charlatane)

1. (dated) a streetseller of medicines
2. a charlatan (trickster)
3. a quack

Further reading

• “charlatan” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Middle French

Noun

charlatan m (plural charlatans)

1. a street-seller of medicines

Descendants

• ? English: charlatan
• French: charlatan

Swedish

Etymology

From French charlatan. Cognate of English charlatan, German Scharlatan.

Noun

charlatan c

1. fraudster, deceiver

Declension

Derived terms

• charlataneri

References

• charlatan in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• charlatan in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• charlatan in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)