different between premium vs sophisticate

English

Alternative forms

• præmium (archaic)

Etymology

From Latin praemium (“prize”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?p?imi?m/

Adjective

premium (not comparable)

1. Superior in quality; higher in price or value.
2. (automotive) High-end; belonging to the market segment between mid-market and luxury.

   Coordinate terms: economy, luxury

Translations

Noun

premium (plural premiums or premia)

1. A prize or award.
2. Something offered at a reduced price as an inducement to buy something else.
3. A bonus paid in addition to normal payments.
4. (insurance) The amount to be paid for an insurance policy.
5. An unusually high value.
6. (finance) The amount by which a security's value exceeds its face value.

Translations

Usage notes

• Premia is much less common than premiums, accounting for less than 1% of total usage in US (COCA) and in UK (BNC).

Antonyms

• (finance): discount

Derived terms

Further reading

• Premium on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Premium in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

French

Noun

premium m (plural premiums)

1. premium

Indonesian

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin praemium (“prize”). Doublet of premi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pre?mi?m]
• Hyphenation: pré?mi?um

Noun

premium or prémium

1. premium:

   Synonym: premi

   1. A prize, a reward.

      Synonym: hadiah

   2. A premium, money paid for e.g. an insurance.
2. Something superior in quality; higher in price or value.
   1. (colloquial) Pertamina petrol or gasoline product with octane rating of 88.

Further reading

• “premium” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Spanish

Adjective

premium (invariable)

1. premium

English

Etymology

attested about 1400 in the sense "make impure by admixture", from Medieval Latin sophisticatus, past participle of sophisticare (see sophistication). From about 1600 as "corrupt, delude by sophistry"; from 1796 as "deprive of simplicity". Related: sophisticated, sophisticating. As a noun meaning "sophisticated person" from 1921.

Pronunciation

• Noun and adjective:
  • IPA^(key): [s??f?st?k?t]
• Verb:
  • IPA^(key): [s??f?st?ke?t]

Noun

sophisticate (plural sophisticates)

1. A worldly-wise person.
   • 2001, SpongeBob SquarePants, episode Sailor Mouth, written by Walt Dohrn, Paul Tibbitt, and Merriwether Williams

     Patrick: Because classy sophisticates like us should not stain our lips with cursing.

     SpongeBob: Yea verily!

Verb

sophisticate (third-person singular simple present sophisticates, present participle sophisticating, simple past and past participle sophisticated)

1. (transitive) To make less natural or innocent.
   • 1956–1960, R.S. Peters, The Concept of Motivation, Routledge & Kegan Paul (second edition, 1960), chapter ii: “Motives and Motivation”, page 38:

     Psychologists have developed quasi-causal theories to explain the directedness of behaviour, to answer the question ‘Why are certain sorts of reasons operative?’ and these theories may well have insinuated themselves into ordinary language as part of the meaning of “motive”. It might well be, therefore, that people who are slightly sophisticated by psychological theories assume some such necessary connexion [between giving the motive for an action and making any assertions of a causal kind about a man’s emotional state].

2. To practice sophistry; change the meaning of, or be vague about in order to mislead or deceive.
   • 1791, Ann Radcliffe, The Romance of the Forest, Penguin 1999, p. 151:

     The benevolence of her heart taught her, in this instance, to sophisticate.

   • 1829, Robert Southey, Sir Thomas More; or, Colloquies on the Progress and Prospects of Society

     to sophisticate the understanding

   • December 1873, Matthew Arnold, "Bishop Butler and the Zeit-Geist" in The Contemporary Review Volume 27

     Yet Butler professes to stick to plain facts, not to sophisticate, not to refine.

3. (transitive) To alter and make impure, as with the intention to deceive.
   • 1639, James Howell, "To my Lord Clifford, from Edenburgh" in Epistolæ Ho-Elianæ

     to mingle or sophisticate any Wine here

   • 1678, John Dryden, Epilogue to Mithridates, King of Pontus by Nathaniel Lee

     They purchase but sophisticated ware.

4. (transitive) To make more complex or refined.

Translations

Adjective

sophisticate (comparative more sophisticate, superlative most sophisticate)

1. Not genuine; not pure; adulterated.