different between prefer vs retract
prefer
English
Alternative forms
- præfer [16th-17th c.]
- preferre [14th-17th c.]
Etymology
From Middle English preferren, from Anglo-Norman preferer and Old French preferer, from Latin praefer?, praeferre. Displaced native Middle English foresettan and foreberan.
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /p???f?/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /p???f??/
- Rhymes: -??(?)
Verb
prefer (third-person singular simple present prefers, present participle preferring, simple past and past participle preferred)
- (transitive) To be in the habit of choosing something rather than something else; to favor; to like better. [from 14thc.]
- I'd prefer it if you didn't do it.
- "My tastes," he said, still smiling, "incline me to the garishly sunlit side of this planet." And, to tease her and arouse her to combat: "I prefer a farandole to a nocturne; I'd rather have a painting than an etching; Mr. Whistler bores me with his monochromatic mud; I don't like dull colours, dull sounds, dull intellects; […]."
- (transitive, now dated) To advance, promote (someone or something). [from 14thc.]
- 1743, Robert Drury, The Pleasant, and Surprizing Adventures of Mr. Robert Drury, during his Fifteen Years Captivity on the Island of Madagascar, London, p. 67,[1]
- […] she was one of my Master’s Captives. For this Reason, I presume, it was, that she took so much Compassion upon me; considering herself a Slave in a strange Country, and only preferr’d to my Master’s Bed by Courtesy.
- 1743, Robert Drury, The Pleasant, and Surprizing Adventures of Mr. Robert Drury, during his Fifteen Years Captivity on the Island of Madagascar, London, p. 67,[1]
- (transitive) To present or submit (something) to an authority (now usually in "to prefer charges"). [from 16thc.]
- 1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 5, p. 137,[2]
- At length the Maroons, who were delighted to have him with them, became discontented with his absence, and for several years, during the sessions of the House of Assembly, preferred repeated complaints against him.
- 1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 5, p. 137,[2]
- (obsolete, transitive) To put forward for acceptance; to introduce, recommend (to). [16th-19thc.]
- 1630, John Smith, The True Travels, Adventures, and Observations of Captaine Iohn Smith, London: Thomas Slater, Chapter 1, p. 2,[3]
- one Master David Hume, who making some use of his purse, gave him Letters to his friends in Scotland to preferre him to King Iames.
- 1817, Walter Scott, Rob Roy, Volume One, Chapter 17,[4]
- Such were the arguments which my will boldly preferred to my conscience, as coin which ought to be current, and which conscience, like a grumbling shopkeeper, was contented to accept […].
- 1630, John Smith, The True Travels, Adventures, and Observations of Captaine Iohn Smith, London: Thomas Slater, Chapter 1, p. 2,[3]
Usage notes
- The verb can be used in three different forms:
- prefer + noun + to (or over) + noun. Example: I prefer coffee to tea.
- prefer + gerund + to (or over) + gerund. Example: I prefer skiing to swimming.
- prefer + full infinitive + rather than + bare infinitive. Example: I prefer to die honorably rather than live in shame. If the second verb is the same as the first, it can be elided: I prefer to eat fish rather than meat.
Inflection
Synonyms
- forechoose
Antonyms
- disprefer
Related terms
- nonpreferred
- preferable / preferrable
- preference
- preferendum
- preferential
- preferer / preferrer
- preferment
- preferred creditor, preferred provider, preferred stock, preferred stockholder
- unpreferred
- prelate
Translations
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pre?fer]
Verb
prefer
- first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of prefera
prefer From the web:
- what preference mean
- what preferred network type
- what preferred stocks to buy
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- what preferred stock means
- what preferred speed when burning cd
- what preferences were given to the sinhalese
retract
English
Etymology
From Middle English retracten, from Old French retracter, from Late Latin r?tract? (“I undertake again; I withdraw, refuse, decline; I retract”), from Latin retractus (“withdrawn”), perfect passive participle of retrah? (“I draw or pull back, withdraw; I call back, remove”). Doublet of retreat.
Pronunciation
- (US) IPA(key): /???t?ækt/
- Rhymes: -ækt
Verb
retract (third-person singular simple present retracts, present participle retracting, simple past and past participle retracted)
- (transitive) To pull back inside.
- (transitive, intransitive) To draw back; to draw up.
- (transitive) To take back or withdraw something one has said.
- 1676, Edward Stillingfleet, A Defence of the Discourse Concerning the Idolatry Practised in the Church
- I would as freely have retracted this charge of idolatry as I ever made it.
- 1726, George Granville, The British Enchanters
- She will, and she will not; she grants, denies, / Consents, retracts, advances, and then flies.
- 1676, Edward Stillingfleet, A Defence of the Discourse Concerning the Idolatry Practised in the Church
- (transitive, intransitive, academia) To officially withdraw or revoke published academic work.
- To take back, as a grant or favour previously bestowed; to revoke.
- 1728, John Woodward, An Attempt towards a Natural History of the Fossils of England
- Filld with the Satisfaction of their own discerning , Faculties , they pass Judgment at first sight ; write on , and are above being ever brought to retract it
- 1728, John Woodward, An Attempt towards a Natural History of the Fossils of England
Synonyms
- (to take back or withdraw something one has said): take back, withcall, withdraw; See also Thesaurus:recant
Related terms
- retreat
Translations
See also
- epanorthosis (rhetoric)
- unsay
- unspeak
References
- “retract”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
retract From the web:
- what retracts the scapula
- what retractor is not self-retaining
- what retracted means
- what retractors are not handheld
- what muscle retracts the scapula
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