different between potentate vs ringer
potentate
English
Etymology
From Middle English potentat, from Old French, from Late Latin potent?tus (“rule, political power”), from Latin pot?ns (“powerful, strong”), the active present participle of possum (“I am able”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?p??.t?n.te?t/
- (US) IPA(key): /?po?.t?n.te?t/
Noun
potentate (plural potentates)
- A powerful leader; a monarch; a ruler.
- 1592, Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part I, act iii, scene 2
- But Kings and mightie?t Potentates mu?t die,
For that's the end of humane mi?erie.
- But Kings and mightie?t Potentates mu?t die,
- 1900, Theodore Dreiser, "Sister Carrie"
- She was now one of a group of oriental beauties who, in the second act of the comic opera, were paraded by the vizier before the new potentate as the treasures of his harem.
- 1592, Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part I, act iii, scene 2
- A powerful polity or institution.
- (derogatory) A self-important person.
Usage notes
This term usually carries connotations or implications of ancient despotism before advanced Western conceptions of civil law and Enlightenment values; in other words, a potentate can be described as a king or realm that exercises "raw", absolute power by decree and entrenched in "exotic" customs and traditions (cf. Orientalism). For example, a "Hindu potentate" would refer to those petty kings who controlled various small dominions in India before the British Raj. Particularly in the second sense, use of "potentate" to refer to Western states even before the modern era is rare, and may even be intended humorously in such a case.
Related terms
Translations
Adjective
potentate (comparative more potentate, superlative most potentate)
- (obsolete) Regnant, powerful, dominant.
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ringer
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?????(?)/
- Rhymes: -???(?)
Etymology 1
From Middle English ringere, rynger, ryngar, equivalent to ring (“to sound a bell”) +? -er.
Noun
ringer (plural ringers)
- Someone who rings, especially a bell ringer.
- 1863, Jean Ingelow, High Tide on the Coast of Lincolnshire,
- Pull, if ye never pull?d before;
- Good ringers, pull your best," quoth he.
- 1863, Jean Ingelow, High Tide on the Coast of Lincolnshire,
- (mining) A crowbar.
References
Etymology 2
From ring (“to surround”) +? -er.
Noun
ringer (plural ringers)
- (games) In the game of horseshoes, the event of the horseshoe landing around the pole.
- (uncountable, games) A game of marbles where players attempt to knock each other's marbles out of a ring drawn on the ground.
- A ringer T-shirt.
- 2007, Descant (issue 138, page 28)
- […] shabby baseball caps, faded and worn-out T-shirts, ringers and polos with artificially aged hems […]
- 2011, Buck Peden, Baseball, Golf, Wars, Women & Puppies: An Autobiography (page 278)
- The shirts were light blue heather ringers with royal blue trim on the necks and sleeves.
- 2007, Descant (issue 138, page 28)
See also
- ringer T-shirt
Etymology 3
Probably from ring the changes.
Noun
ringer (plural ringers)
- (sports) A person highly proficient at a skill or sport who is brought in, often fraudulently, to supplement a team.
- Synonym: hustler
- (horse racing) A horse fraudulently entered in a race using the name of another horse.
- A person, animal, or entity which resembles another so closely as to be taken for the other, now usually in the phrase dead ringer.
- Synonym: dead ringer
- (Britain, slang) A fraudulently cloned motor vehicle.
- 2020, Tom Hartley, Tom Hartley: The Dealmaker
- I had heard early on in my career about 'ringers': cars that were stolen and cloned, but it was 1993 before I was to experience this first-hand.
- 2020, Tom Hartley, Tom Hartley: The Dealmaker
Etymology 4
Unknown. Probably so named after the custom of ringing a bell to denote the winner of a contest or competition.
Noun
ringer (plural ringers)
- (Britain, dialect) A top performer.
- (Australia) The champion shearer of a shearing shed.
- (Australia) A stockman, a cowboy.
- 1964, Alec Bolton, Walkabout?s Australia, Walkabout magazine, page 107,
- The ringers are the stockmen on a station. The cattle pass through their hands before the drovers lift them and take them along the stock routes that lead to the killing pens in cities.
- 1987, Geoffrey Atkinson, Philip Quirk. The Australian Adventure: The Explorer?s Guide to the Island Continent, page 175,
- This vast holding is run by six ringers and six boys. A ringer is a qualified stationhand and a boy is a trainee. It takes four years for a boy to become a ringer.
- 2005, Jake Drake, The Wild West in Australia and America, page 156,
- Most people associated with the Australian beef industry believe the ringer?s skill of throwing cattle by the tail to be a practice that is purely Australian. There is ample evidence however, that it was practised in South and Central America long before it was developed here.
- 1964, Alec Bolton, Walkabout?s Australia, Walkabout magazine, page 107,
Etymology 5
Perhaps dissimilated from Middle English wringere (“stingy person, pennypincher, one who financially oppresses, an extortioner”).
Noun
ringer (plural ringers)
- (slang) Any person or thing that is fraudulent; a fake or impostor.
Etymology 6
ring +? -er, from the noun.
Noun
ringer (plural ringers)
- (Britain, military, informal, in combination) An officer having the specified number of rings (denoting rank) on the uniform sleeve.
- 2012, John Harris, The Lonely Voyage
- A group of naval one- and two-ringers were chatting by the office door with a few ratings, complete with kit-bags and oilskins.
- 2013, Dudley Pope, Convoy
- The senior officer of the escort was an RN two and a half ringer who had a reputation of being one of the best.
- 2012, John Harris, The Lonely Voyage
Anagrams
- Griner, erring, gerrin', girner
Danish
Verb
ringer
- present of ringe
Norwegian Bokmål
Noun
ringer m
- indefinite plural of ring
Verb
ringer
- present of ringe
Norwegian Nynorsk
Verb
ringer
- present tense of ringa and ringe
Old Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse hringr, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz.
Noun
ringer m
- ring, circle
Declension
Descendants
- Swedish: ring
Swedish
Verb
ringer
- present tense of ringa.
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