different between plunder vs ravage

English

Etymology

Recorded since 1632 during the Thirty Years War, native British use since the Cromwellian Civil War. Borrowed from German plündern (“to loot”), from Middle High German, from Middle Low German plunderen. Cognate with Dutch plunderen, West Frisian plonderje, Saterland Frisian plunnerje. Probably denominal from a word for “household goods, clothes, bedding”; compare Middle Dutch plunder, German Plunder (“stuff”), Dutch and West Frisian plunje (“clothes”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: pl?n'd?(r), IPA^(key): /?pl?nd?(?)/
• Rhymes: -?nd?(?)

Verb

plunder (third-person singular simple present plunders, present participle plundering, simple past and past participle plundered)

1. (transitive) To pillage, take or destroy all the goods of, by force (as in war); to raid, sack.
2. (transitive) To take (goods) by pillage.

3. (intransitive) To take by force or wrongfully; to commit robbery or looting, to raid.

4. (transitive) To make extensive (over)use of, as if by plundering; to use or use up wrongfully.

5. (transitive) To take unexpectedly.
   • 2014, Paul Doyle, "Southampton hammer eight past hapless Sunderland in barmy encounter", The Guardian, 18 October 2014:

     The Serb teed up Steve Davis, who crossed low for Graziano Pellè to plunder his fifth league goal of the campaign.

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

plunder (uncountable)

1. An instance of plundering.
2. The loot attained by plundering.

   See Thesaurus:booty

3. (slang, dated) Baggage; luggage.
   • 1880, The Peterson Magazine (volumes 77-78, page 215)

     […] till a long-legged boy brought him out of his revery, by an offer to carry his “plunder,” in whatsoever direction he might desire to direct his steps.

See also

• manubial

Translations

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch plunder, further etymology unknown.

Alternative forms

• plonder (obsolete)

Noun

plunder c (plural plunders, diminutive plundertje n)

1. One's property, (collective) possessions

   Synonyms: have (en goed), huisraad

   1. Notably furniture and other (mainly small) home inventory

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

plunder

1. first-person singular present indicative of plunderen
2. imperative of plunderen

English

Etymology

From French ravage (“ravage, havoc, spoil”), from ravir (“to bear away suddenly”), from Latin rapere (“to snatch, seize”), akin to Ancient Greek ?????? (harpáz?, “to seize”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??æv?d?/

Verb

ravage (third-person singular simple present ravages, present participle ravaging, simple past and past participle ravaged)

1. (transitive) To devastate or destroy something.
2. (transitive) To pillage or sack something, to lay waste to something.
3. (intransitive) To wreak destruction.

Related terms

• rapid

Translations

Noun

ravage (plural ravages)

1. Grievous damage or havoc.
2. Depredation or devastation

   the ravage of a lion; the ravages of fire or tempest; the ravages of an army, or of time

Translations

Further reading

• ravage in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• ravage in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French ravage (“ravage, havoc, spoil”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ra??va?.??/
• Hyphenation: ra?va?ge
• Rhymes: -a???

Noun

ravage f (plural ravages)

1. havoc, damage

Anagrams

• gevaar

French

Etymology

From ravine (“rush of water”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a.va?/

Noun

ravage m (plural ravages)

1. singular of ravages
2. (archaic) The act of laying waste.

Verb

ravage

1. first-person singular present indicative of ravager
2. third-person singular present indicative of ravager
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of ravager
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of ravager
5. second-person singular imperative of ravager

Further reading

• “ravage” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• gavera