different between plum vs pluma

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: pl?m, IPA^(key): /pl?m/
• Rhymes: -?m
• Homophone: plumb

Etymology 1

From Middle English plomme, ploume, from Old English pl?me, from Proto-West Germanic *pl?m?, borrowed from Latin pr?num. Doublet of prune.

Noun

plum (plural plums)

1. The fruit and its tree.
   1. The edible, fleshy stone fruit of Prunus domestica, often of a dark red or purple colour. [from 8th c.]
   2. The stone-fruit tree which bears this fruit, Prunus domestica. [from 8th c.]
   3. The edible, fleshy stone fruit of several species resembling the plum, or the tree from which they grow. [from 16th c.]
      1. Prunus sect. Prunus
         1. Prunus cerasifera, the cherry plum or myrobalan
         2. Prunus salicina the Chinese plum or Japanese plum
         3. Prunus spinosa, the sloe
         4. Prunus ursina the bear's plum
      2. Prunus sect. Prunocerasus North American plums
         1. Prunus americana, the American plum
         2. Prunus angustifolia, the Chickasaw plum or sand plum
         3. Prunus hortulana, the hortulan plum
         4. Prunus nigra, the Canadian plum or black plum
         5. Prunus rivularis, the creek plum or hog plum
         6. Prunus subcordata, the Klamath plum or Oregon plum
      3. Prunus sect. Armeniaca (better known as apricots)
         1. Prunus mume, an Asian fruit more closely related to the apricot than the plum, usually consumed pickled, dried, or as a juice or wine; ume.
   4. (now rare) A dried grape or raisin, as used in a pudding or cake. [from 17th c.]
2. Extended senses.
   1. (now rare, archaic) One hundred thousand pounds; (generally) a fortune. [from 18th c.]
      • 1751, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, I.1:

        He […] acquired a plentiful fortune, tho', to his infinite regret, he died before it amounted to a Plum […] .

   2. A desirable or choice thing of its kind; a prize selection; a choice appointment, assignment etc. [from 19th c.]

      The mayor rewarded his cronies with cushy plums, requiring little work for handsome pay.

   3. A dark bluish-red color/colour, the colour of some plums. [from 19th c.]

   4. (slang, usually in the plural) A testicle. [from 20th c.]
   5. (derogatory, chiefly Britain) A fool, an idiot.

Synonyms

• (tree): plum tree, plumtree
• (edible fleshy fruit of Prunus mume): ume

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Cornish: ploum
• ? Manx: plumbis
• ? Japanese: ??? (puramu)
• ? Scottish Gaelic: plumas
• ? Thai: ???? (plam)

Translations

Adjective

plum (comparative more plum, superlative most plum)

1. (comparable) Of a dark bluish-red colour.
2. (not comparable) Choice; especially lavish or preferred.

Translations

See also

Etymology 2

Phonetically based spelling of plumb.

Adjective

plum (comparative more plum, superlative most plum)

1. Plumb

Adverb

plum (not comparable)

1. Completely; utterly.

   You're going to think I'm plum crazy for this, but I want to adopt all seven kittens.

Translations

Verb

plum (third-person singular simple present plums, present participle plumming, simple past and past participle plummed)

1. (mining) To plumb.

Anagrams

• lump

Middle English

Noun

plum

1. Alternative form of plomme

Romansch

Alternative forms

• (Sutsilvan) plùn, plùm
• (Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) plom

Etymology

From Latin plumbum (“lead”).

Noun

plum m

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) lead (metal)

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pl?ma. Doublet of plume.

Noun

pluma (plural plumae)

1. (zoology, archaic) A feather.

Related terms

• filopluma

Anagrams

• ampul

Aragonese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

pluma f (plural plumas)

1. feather

References

• Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) , “pluma”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, ?ISBN

Asturian

Etymology

Probably a semi-learned term taken from Latin pl?ma (“feather”). Cf. Spanish pluma, however.

Noun

pluma f (plural plumes)

1. feather (element of bird wings)

French

Pronunciation

Verb

pluma

1. third-person singular past historic of plumer

Galician

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pl?ma (“feather”) (Latin pl- normally becomes ch- in inherited Galician); cf. the semi-learned Old Portuguese pruma. See also chumazo, which was popularly inherited and underwent the usual sound changes.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?plum?]

Noun

pluma f (plural plumas)

1. feather (element of bird wings)
2. pen (writing tool)
3. plume (large and showy feather)

Interlingua

Etymology

From Latin pl?ma

Noun

pluma

1. pen

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?l??m??/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle English ploume, plomme (“plum”). Doublet of prúna.

Noun

pluma m (genitive singular pluma, nominative plural plumaí)

1. plum

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From English plumb, from Old French *plombe, from Latin plumba, plural of plumbum.

Noun

pluma m (genitive singular pluma, nominative plural plumaí)

1. plumb (of plumb-line), plummet

Declension

Mutation

Further reading

• "pluma" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Entries containing “pluma” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “pluma” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *plouksm?, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-. Cognate with Lithuanian plùnksna (“feather”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?plu?.ma/, [?p??u?mä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?plu.ma/, [?plu?m?]

Noun

pl?ma f (genitive pl?mae); first declension

1. feather, plume
2. (by extension) metal scale of armor
3. beard-down

Declension

First-declension noun.

Derived terms

Descendants

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese pluma and Spanish pluma.

Noun

pluma

1. feather
2. plume

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pl?ma (“feather”) (Latin pl- normally becomes ch- in inherited Portuguese); cf. the semi-learned Old Portuguese pruma. See also chumaço, which was popularly inherited and underwent the usual sound changes.

Noun

pluma f (plural plumas)

1. plume (large and showy feather)
2. (geology) upwelling of molten material from the Earth's mantle (mantle plume)

Related terms

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin pl?ma (“feather”), taken as an early semi-learned term (Latin pl- normally becomes ll- in inherited Spanish), or it may have maintained a conservative pronunciation as it would have been in use by mainly the upper class. A popular evolution of the word may have once existed in pre-literary Spanish, as evidenced by the Old Spanish derivative llumazo (compare Portuguese chumaço; see also Spanish chumacera, borrowed from a related Portuguese term). Cognate to English plume.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pluma/, [?plu.ma]

Noun

pluma f (plural plumas)

1. feather
2. pen, fountain pen

   Synonym: pluma estilográfica

3. (Mexico, US) ballpoint pen

   Synonym: bolígrafo

4. quill, quill pen
5. (figuratively) writer, penman
6. (Spain, slang) effeminacy

Derived terms

Further reading

• “pluma” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

References

Tagalog

Etymology

From Spanish pluma.

Noun

pluma

1. pen (any writing instrument that uses ink)

Related terms