different between plight vs action
plight
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: pl?t, IPA(key): /pla?t/
- Rhymes: -a?t
Etymology 1
From Middle English plit (“fold, wrinkle, bad situation”), conflation of Middle English pliht, plight (“risky promise, peril”) (from Old English pliht "danger, risk") and Anglo-Norman plit, plyte (“fold, condition”), from Old French pleit (“condition, manner of folding”) (from Vulgar Latin *plictum, from Latin plicitum (“fold”)).
Noun
plight (plural plights)
- A dire or unfortunate situation. [from 14th c.]
- 2005, Lesley Brown, translating Plato, Sophist, 243c:
- Though we say we are quite clear about it and understand when someone uses the expression, unlike that other expression, maybe we're in the same plight with regard to them both.
- 2005, Lesley Brown, translating Plato, Sophist, 243c:
- (now rare) A (neutral) condition or state. [from 14th c.]
- (obsolete) Good health. [14th–19th c.]
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.7:
- All wayes shee sought him to restore to plight, / With herbs, with charms, with counsel, and with teares […].
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.7:
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English plight (“risk, danger”), from Old English pliht (“peril, risk, danger, damage, plight”), from Proto-West Germanic *plihti (“care, responsibility, duty”). A suffixed form of the root represented by Old English pleoh (“risk, danger, hurt, peril"; also "responsibility”) and pl?on (“to endanger, risk”). Akin to Old English plihtan (“to endanger, compromise”). Cognate with Scots plicht (“responsibility, plight”), Dutch plicht, Low German plicht (“duty”), German Pflicht (“duty”), Danish pligt (“duty”), Yiddish ??????? (flikht). More at pledge.
Noun
plight (plural plights)
- (now chiefly dialectal) Responsibility for ensuing consequences; risk; danger; peril.
- (now chiefly dialectal) An instance of danger or peril; a dangerous moment or situation.
- (now chiefly dialectal) Blame; culpability; fault; wrong-doing; sin; crime.
- (now chiefly dialectal) One's office; duty; charge.
- (archaic) That which is exposed to risk; that which is plighted or pledged; security; a gage; a pledge.
Derived terms
- plightful
- plightly
Translations
Verb
plight (third-person singular simple present plights, present participle plighting, simple past and past participle plighted)
- (transitive, now rare) To expose to risk; to pledge.
- (transitive) Specifically, to pledge (one's troth etc.) as part of a marriage ceremony.
- (reflexive) To promise (oneself) to someone, or to do something.
- 1992, Hilary Mantel, A Place of Greater Safety, Harper Perennial 2007, p. 226:
- I ask what I have done to deserve it, one daughter hobnobbing with radicals and the other planning to plight herself to a criminal.
- 1992, Hilary Mantel, A Place of Greater Safety, Harper Perennial 2007, p. 226:
Derived terms
- plighter
Etymology 3
From Middle English plyghten, ply?ten, pley?ten, pleiten, pliten, from the noun (see below).
Verb
plight (third-person singular simple present plights, present participle plighting, simple past and past participle plighted)
- (obsolete) To weave; to braid; to fold; to plait.
Etymology 4
From Middle English pli?t, plight, plyt, pleit, from Anglo-Norman pleit (“pleat, fold”). More at plait.
Noun
plight (plural plights)
- (obsolete) A network; a plait; a fold; rarely a garment.
Further reading
- Plight in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
plight From the web:
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action
English
Etymology
From Middle English accion, from Old French aucion,acciun, from Latin ?cti? (“act of doing or making”), from ?ctus, perfect passive participle of ag? (“do, act”), + action suffix -i?; see act.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?æk.??n/
- Rhymes: -æk??n
- Hyphenation: ac?tion
Noun
action (countable and uncountable, plural actions)
- Something done, often so as to accomplish a purpose.
- A way of motion or functioning.
- Fast-paced activity.
- A mechanism; a moving part or assembly.
- (music) The mechanism, that is the set of moving mechanical parts, of a keyboard instrument, like a piano, which transfers the motion of the key to the sound-making device.
- (music) The distance separating the strings and the fretboard on a guitar.
- (slang) Sexual intercourse.
- (military) Combat.
- (law) A charge or other process in a law court (also called lawsuit and actio).
- (mathematics) A mapping from a pairing of mathematical objects to one of them, respecting their individual structures. The pairing is typically a Cartesian product or a tensor product. The object that is not part of the output is said to act on the other object. In any given context, action is used as an abbreviation for a more fully named notion, like group action or left group action.
- (physics) The product of energy and time, especially the product of the Lagrangian and time.
- The event or connected series of events, either real or imaginary, forming the subject of a play, poem, or other composition; the unfolding of the drama of events.
- (art, painting and sculpture) The attitude or position of the several parts of the body as expressive of the sentiment or passion depicted.
- (bowling) spin put on the bowling ball.
- (obsolete) A share in the capital stock of a joint-stock company, or in the public funds.
- 1751, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, vol. IV, ch. 106:
- So saying he presented him with two actions of above two thousand livres each.
- 1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France
- the Euripus of funds and actions
- 1751, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, vol. IV, ch. 106:
Synonyms
- (something done): deed; see also Thesaurus:action
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- ? German: Action
- ? Russian: ???? (ekšn)
Translations
See also
- deed
- Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take
References
- action on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Interjection
action!
- Demanding or signifying the start of something, usually a performance.
- Antonym: cut
Translations
Verb
action (third-person singular simple present actions, present participle actioning, simple past and past participle actioned)
- (transitive, management) To act on a request etc, in order to put it into effect.
- (transitive, chiefly archaic) To initiate a legal action against someone.
Usage notes
- The verb sense action is rejected by some usage authorities.
References
- OED 2nd edition 1989
- Notes:
Further reading
- action in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- action in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- Catino, actino-, atonic, cation, cation-?
French
Etymology
From Old French acciun, aucion, etymologically reconstructed in Middle French to resemble the Latin acti?.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ak.sj??/
- Homophone: axion
Noun
action f (plural actions)
- action, act, deed
- campaign
- stock, share
- (Switzerland) a special offer
Derived terms
Further reading
- “action” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
- cation, contai
Interlingua
Noun
action (plural actiones)
- action
Related terms
- active
- activitate
Middle English
Noun
action
- Alternative form of accion
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French acciun, aucion, etymologically reconstructed to resemble the Latin acti?.
Noun
action f (plural actions)
- action; act
Descendants
- French: action
Scots
Etymology
From Middle English accion.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ak???n/
Noun
action (plural actions)
- action
Verb
action (third-person singular present actions, present participle actionin, past actiont, past participle actiont)
- to action
References
- Eagle, Andy, ed. (2016) The Online Scots Dictionary, Scots Online.
action From the web:
- what actions characterize authoritarian governments
- what action leads to reapportionment
- what action movie should i watch
- what action minimizes the risk of air
- what are five characteristics of authoritarian governments
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