different between pine vs pycnogenol

English

Alternative forms

• pyne (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /pa?n/
• Rhymes: -a?n

Etymology 1

From Middle English pyne, from Latin p?nus, from Proto-Indo-European *peyH- (“sap, juice”). Cognate with Sanskrit ???? (pitu, “sap, juice, resin”). Doublet of pinus.

Noun

pine (countable and uncountable, plural pines)

1. (countable, uncountable) Any coniferous tree of the genus Pinus.

   Synonyms: pine tree, pinus

2. (countable) Any tree (usually coniferous) which resembles a member of this genus in some respect.
3. (uncountable) The wood of this tree.

   Synonym: pinewood

4. (archaic except South Africa, Caribbean, Guyana) A pineapple.
   • 1918, Katherine Mansfield, “Prelude” in Bliss and Other Stories, Toronto: Macmillan, 1920, pp. 38-39,^[2]

     Linda carried the oysters in one hand and the pineapple in the other. […] she put the bottle of oysters and the pine on a little carved chair.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English pine, pyne, from Old English *p?n (“pain”), from Proto-Germanic *p?n? (“pain, torment, torture”), possibly from Latin poena (“punishment”), from Ancient Greek ????? (poin?, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”). Cognate to pain.

Entered Germanic with Christianity; cognate to Middle Dutch pinen, Old High German p?n?n, Old Norse pína.

Noun

pine (plural pines)

1. (archaic) A painful longing.

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English pinen, from Old English p?nian (“to torment”), from Proto-Germanic *p?n?n?, from Proto-Germanic *p?n? (“pain, torment, torture”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with German peinigen (“to torment, torture”), Icelandic pína (“to torment”).

Verb

pine (third-person singular simple present pines, present participle pining, simple past and past participle pined)

1. To languish; to lose flesh or wear away through distress.

   Synonyms: languish, droop

   • 1855, John Sullivan Dwight (translator), “Oh Holy Night”, as printed in 1871, Adolphe-Charles Adam (music), “Cantique de Noël”, G. Schirmer (New York), originally by Placide Cappeau de Roquemaure, 1847

     Long lay the world in sin and error pining / Till He appear’d and the soul felt its worth
2. (intransitive) To long, to yearn so much that it causes suffering.

   Synonyms: long, yearn
3. (transitive) To grieve or mourn for.
4. (transitive) To inflict pain upon; to torment.

   Synonyms: torment, torture, afflict

   • 1648, Joseph Hall, The Breathings of the Devout Soul

     One is pined in prison, another tortured on the rack.

Derived terms

• pine away

Translations

Further reading

• pine on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• pine in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• pine at OneLook Dictionary Search

References

Anagrams

• pein

Bih

Noun

pine

1. woman, girl

Further reading

• Tam Thi Min Nguyen, A grammar of Bih (2013)

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p?i?n?]

Etymology 1

Via Old Saxon p?na from Medieval Latin p?na (“punishment in hell”), from Latin poena (“punishment”), a loan from Ancient Greek ????? (poin?, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”).

Noun

pine c (singular definite pinen, plural indefinite piner)

1. torment
2. (in compounds) ache

Inflection

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Middle Low German p?nen, derived from the noun.

Verb

pine (imperative pin, infinitive at pine, present tense piner, past tense pinte, perfect tense er/har pint)

1. torment
2. torture

Synonyms

• martre
• nage
• plage

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pin/

Etymology 1

Originally “pinecone”, from Latin p?nea

Noun

pine f (plural pines)

1. (slang) nob, penis

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

pine

1. first-person singular present indicative of piner
2. third-person singular present indicative of piner
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of piner
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of piner
5. second-person singular imperative of piner

Further reading

• “pine” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Noun

pine f

1. plural of pina

Anagrams

• peni

Latin

Noun

p?ne

1. vocative singular of p?nus

Maori

Etymology

Probably English pin

Noun

pine

1. pin, tack, brooch

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse pína, from Latin poena.

Noun

pine f or m (definite singular pina or pinen, indefinite plural piner, definite plural pinene)

1. pain, torment, torture

Derived terms

• hodepine
• tannpine
• ørepine

Verb

pine (present tense piner, past tense pinte, past participle pint)

1. to torment, to torture

References

• “pine” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “pine” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse pína, from Latin poena

Noun

pine f (definite singular pina, indefinite plural piner, definite plural pinene)

1. pain, torment, torture

Derived terms

• hovudpine
• tannpine

Verb

pine (present tense piner, past tense pinte, past participle pint, passive infinitive pinast, present participle pinande, imperative pin)

1. to torment, to torture

References

• “pine” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Portuguese

Verb

pine

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of pinar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of pinar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of pinar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of pinar

West Frisian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

pine c (plural pinen, diminutive pyntsje)

1. pain, ache

Further reading

• “pine”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Zazaki

Noun

pine

1. patch
2. (computing) patch

English

Etymology

From pycno- +?.This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

pycnogenol (plural pycnogenols)

1. (organic chemistry) Any of a group of flavonoids extracted from the bark of pine trees, especially proanthocyanidins.
   • 1981, J. L. Beal, Natural products as medicinal agents:

     On the other hand, pycnogenols, widely found in old empirical antiscorbutic remedies, seem more appropriate...

   • 1987, Masquelier; Jack, "US Patent 4,698,360 - Plant extract with a proanthocyanidins content as therapeutic agent having radical scavenger effect and use thereof":

     Proanthocyanidins are included in the pycnogenols, a plant polyphenol chemical group, whose physical, chemical and biological properties have been studied in numerous works (see more especially J. Masquelier, J. Michaud, J. Laparra, and M. C. Dumon, Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 1979, 49, 307-311).

   • 1993, Hans J. Kugler, David Steinman, Life extenders and memory boosters!:

     He has found that pycnogenols not only prevent free radical damage to internal organs but also help prevent skin wrinkling.

   • 1994, Lerner; Sheldon, "US Patent 5,470,874 - Ascorbic acid and proanthocyanidine composition for topical application to human skin":

     The second embodiment of the invention includes the pine bark extract known as proanthocyanidine, also known as pycnogenol.

   • 1999, Corinne T. Netzer, Corrine T. Netzer's Big Book of Miracle Cures:

     As study after study has shown, nutrients such as grape seed extract and pycnogenols are great all-around helpers for capillaries, veins, and arteries.

   • 1999, Mary Ann Liebert, Alternative & complementary therapies, volume 5:

     ...vitamin A (2500 international units [IU]); vitamin C (250 mg); pantothenic acid (200 mg); zinc (10 mg); pycnogenols (5 mg); stinging nettle ( 1 00 mg); cayenne (20 mg).

   • 2001, Medical Economics Company, David Rorvik, Sheldon Saul Hendler, PDR for Nutritional Supplements, page 387:

     The extent of the antioxidant potential of pycnogenol in vivo is unclear.

   • 2004, James J. Gormley, Shari Lieberman, User's Guide to Brain-Boosting Nutrients, page 55:

     Masquelier developed a process to extract these compounds — both from pine bark (in 1951) and from grape seeds (1970). He used the term pycnogenol to refer to this whole family of OPCs.

   • 2005, Midori Hiramatsu, Toshikazu Yoshikawa, Lester Packer, Molecular Interventions in Lifestyle Related Diseases, page 97:

     This may be due to the phenomenon in which pycnogenol at high concentrations blocks the filter channels.
2. An antioxidant dietary supplement containing such an extract.

Synonyms

• OPC
• proanthocyanidin

See also

• grape seed extract
• Proanthocyanidin on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Grape seed extract on Wikipedia.Wikipedia