different between petiole vs gaster

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French pétiole, and its source, Late Latin petiolus (“little foot”), diminutive form of Latin p?s (“foot”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?p?t???l/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?p?di?o?l/

Noun

petiole (plural petioles)

1. (botany) The stalk of a leaf, attaching the blade to the stem.

   Synonym: pedicel (stalk of a flower)

   • 1978, Harry T. Valentine, Estimating Defoliation of Hardwoods Using Blade-petiole Relations, Forest Service Research Paper NE 405, US Department of Agriculture, page 1,

     Most insects consume tissue from the leaf blade were measured just past the twist on the side away only, leaving the leaf petioles unscathed.

   • 1992, Karl J. Niklas, Plant Biomechanics, University of Chicago Press,page 167,

     By contrast, the petioles of large pinnate leaves, as well as stems, typically resist torsion by placing stiff materials with high elastic moduli (like sclerenchyma) toward the perimeters of their cross sections.

   • 2000, Mike Hansell, Bird Nests and Construction Behaviour, Cambridge University Press, page 116,

     An example of this is leaf petioles. Some species of trees have pinnate leaves which, when the leaves fall, shed pinnae from the petiole, which is then left as a tapering, somewhat flexible rod.

2. (entomology, insect anatomy) A narrow or constricted segment of the body of an insect; especially, the metasomal segment of certain Hymenoptera, such as wasps.

   Synonym: pedicel (used more generally, of arthropods)

3. (entomology) The stalk at the base of the nest of the paper wasp.

Usage notes

• The presence of a petiole (narrow body segment) is the defining characteristic distinguishing the suborder Apocrita (ants, bees and wasps) from the rest of order Hymenoptera (i.e., from the paraphyletic suborder Symphyta).

Derived terms

• petiolar
• petiolary
• postpetiole

Translations

Further reading

• petiole (botany) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• petiole (insect anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gaster (“the belly”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /??æ.st?/
• Rhymes: -æst?(?)

Noun

gaster (plural gasters)

1. (anatomy, rare) The stomach.
2. (entomology) The enlarged part of the abdomen behind the petiole in hymenopterous insects (such as ants).

Related terms

• gastric (adjective)

References

• “gaster”, in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary, (Please provide a date or year).

Anagrams

• 'Gaters, Greats, Stager, Strega, grates, greats, ragest, retags, stager, targes

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ?????? (gast?r, “a paunch, belly”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /??as.ter/, [??äs?t??r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /??as.ter/, [???st??r]

Noun

gaster f (variously declined, genitive gasteris or gastr?); third declension, second declension

1. The belly.

   Synonym: venter

2. A big bellied vessel.

Inflection

Third-declension noun or second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).

Derived terms

• digastricus

Descendants

? English: gaster

References

• gaster in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• gaster in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French, from Latin vast?re, present active infinitive of vast?. The initial g is under the influence of Frankish *wuostjan, *wuastjan, itself from Latin vast? or from the same pre-Latin source.

Verb

gaster

1. to waste (not make good use of)
2. to destroy

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Synonyms

• (to destroy): destruire

Descendants

• French: gâter

Old French

Etymology

From Latin vast?re, present active infinitive of vast?. The initial g is under the influence of Frankish *wuostjan, *wuastjan, itself from Latin vast? or from the same pre-Latin source.

Verb

gaster

1. to waste (not make good use of)
2. to destroy

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-sts, *-stt are modified to z, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Synonyms

• (to destroy): destruire

Descendants

• Middle French: gaster
  • French: gâter