different between person vs rus

English

Etymology

From Middle English persoun, personne et al., from Anglo-Norman parsone, persoun et al. (Old French persone (“human being”), French personne), and its source Latin pers?na (“mask used by actor; role, part, character”), perhaps a loanword from Etruscan ???????????????????? (?ersu, “mask”). Displaced native wight (from Old English wiht (“person, human being”)). Doublet of parson and persona.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?p??s?n/, [?p???sn?]
• (General American) enPR: pûr?sn, pûr?s?n, IPA^(key): /?p?s?n/, [?p??sn?]
• Rhymes: -??(?)s?n
• Hyphenation: per?son

Noun

person (plural persons or (by suppletion) people)

1. An individual; usually a human being. [from 13th c.]
   • 1784, William Jones, The Description and Use of a New Portable Orrery, &c., PREFACE

     THE favourable reception the Orrery has met with from Per?ons of the fir?t di?tinction, and from Gentlemen and Ladies in general, has induced me to add to it ?everal new improvements in order to give it a degree of Perfection; and di?tingui?h it from others; which by Piracy, or Imitation, may be introduced to the Public.
   1. A character or part, as in a play; a specific kind or manifestation of individual character, whether in real life, or in literary or dramatic representation; an assumed character.

      • his first appearance upon the stage in his new person of a sycophant or juggler

      • 1673, Jeremy Taylor, Heniaytos: A Course of Sermons for All the Sundays of the Year […]

        No man can long put on a person and act a part.

      • 1664, Robert South, Of the Love of Christ to his Disciples

        How different […] is the same man from himself, as he sustains the person of a magistrate, and […] that of a friend!

   2. (Christianity) Any one of the three hypostases of the Holy Trinity: the Father, Son, or Holy Spirit.
      • 1892, Book of Common Prayer, The Litanie

        three persons and one God

   3. (chiefly in science fiction) Any sentient or socially intelligent being.
   4. (in a compound noun or noun phrase) Someone who likes or has an affinity for (a specified thing). [from 20th c.]

2. The physical body of a being seen as distinct from the mind, character, etc. [from 14th c.]
   • 1897, Henry James, What Maisie Knew:

     The Captain, inclining his military person, sat sideways to be closer and kinder […].

   • 1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia, Faber & Faber 1992 (Avignon Quintet), page 418:

     At first blush it seemed that what was striking about him rested on the fact that his dress was exotic, his person foreign.

   • 2004, The New York Times:

     Meanwhile, the dazed Sullivan, dressed like a bum with no identification on his person, is arrested and put to work on a brutal Southern chain gang.

3. (law) Any individual or formal organization with standing before the courts. [from 14th c.]

4. (law) The human genitalia; specifically, the penis.
   • 1824, Vagrancy Act 1824 (5 Geo. 4. c. 83, United Kingdom), section 4:

     [E]very Person wilfully, openly, lewdly, and obscenely exposing his Person in any Street, Road, or public Highway, or in the View thereof, or in any Place of public Resort, with Intent to insult any Female ... and being subsequently convicted of the Offence for which he or she shall have been so apprehended, shall be deemed a Rogue and Vagabond, within the true Intent and Meaning of this Act ...

   • 1972, Evans v. Ewels, Weekly Law Reports, vol. 1, page 671 at pp. 674–675:

     It seems to me that at any rate today, and indeed by 1824, the word "person" in connection with sexual matters had acquired a meaning of its own; a meaning which made it a synonym for "penis." It may be ... that it was the forerunner of Victorian gentility which prevented people calling a penis a penis. But however that may be I am satisfied in my own mind that it has now acquired an established meaning to the effect already stated. It is I venture to say, well known amongst those who practise in the courts that the word "person" is so used over and over again. It is the familiar synonym of that part of the body, and, as one of the reasons for my decision in this case, I would use that interpretation of what was prevailing in 1824 and what has become established in the 150 years since then.

5. (grammar) A linguistic category used to distinguish between the speaker of an utterance and those to whom or about whom they are speaking. See grammatical person. [from 14th c.]
6. (biology) A shoot or bud of a plant; a polyp or zooid of the compound Hydrozoa, Anthozoa, etc.; also, an individual, in the narrowest sense, among the higher animals.
   • 1884, Patrick Geddes, "Morphology", in Encyclopædia Britannica Volume 16

     True corms, composed of united personae […] usually arise by gemmation, […] yet in sponges and corals occasionally by fusion of several originally distinct persons.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Haeckel to this entry?)

Usage notes

• In senses 1.1, 1.3, and 1.4, the plural is most commonly people, with persons occasionally used in formal speech or writing. Some native speakers will find persons inappropriate, even in formal usage. In senses 1.2, 2, 3, and 5 persons is the only plural.
• Referring to an individual as a “person” (rather than a gentleman, lady, etc.) was formerly perceived as a slight.
• Today, all major style guides recommend people rather than persons. For example, the Associated Press and the New York Times recommend "people" except in quotations and set phrases. Under the traditional distinction, which Garner says is pedantic, persons describes a finite, known number of individuals, rather than the collective term people. "Persons" is correct in technical and legal contexts.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:person

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

person (third-person singular simple present persons, present participle personing, simple past and past participle personed)

1. (obsolete, transitive) To represent as a person; to personify; to impersonate.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Milton to this entry?)

2. (transitive, gender-neutral) To man.

Anagrams

• Posner, nopers, preons, prones, spreon

Breton

Noun

person m (plural personed)

1. vicar

Inflection

Danish

Etymology

From Latin persona

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -o??n

Noun

person c (singular definite personen, plural indefinite personer)

1. person
2. character
3. figure
4. people

Inflection

References

• “person” in Den Danske Ordbog

Esperanto

Noun

person

1. accusative singular of perso

Finnish

Adjective

person

1. genitive singular of perso

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch persoon, from Middle Dutch persone, ultimately from Latin pers?na.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [p?r?s?n]
• Hyphenation: pêr?son

Noun

person (first-person possessive personku, second-person possessive personmu, third-person possessive personnya)

1. person, individual

   Synonyms: perseorangan, pribadi

Related terms

Further reading

• “person” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin persona.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pær.su?n/, [pæ.??u?n] (Standard Eastern Norwegian)

Noun

person m (definite singular personen, indefinite plural personer, definite plural personene)

1. a person

Derived terms

References

• “person” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin persona.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pær.su?n/, [pæ.??u?n]

Noun

person m (definite singular personen, indefinite plural personar, definite plural personane)

1. a person

Derived terms

References

• “person” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Scots

Noun

person (plural people)

1. (law) An individual with rights and responsibilities under the law.
2. (law) An individual or formal organisation with standing before the courts.
3. In fiction, any sentient or socially intelligent being.

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?r?su?n/, [p???u?n]

Noun

person c

1. a human being
2. an individual

Declension

Related terms

References

• person in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

Anagrams

• porens, porsen, ropens

Welsh

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin pers?na (“mask used by actor; role, part, character”). Probably through English and Old French persone (“human being”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?rs?n/

Noun

person m (plural personau)

1. person

   Synonym: unigolyn

Derived terms

• personol

Noun

person m (plural personiaid)

1. parson
2. clergyman

   Synonym: clerigwr, offeiriad

Mutation

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch rusten, from Middle Dutch rusten.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rœs/

Verb

rus (present rus, present participle rustende, past participle gerus)

1. to rest

Albanian

Adjective

rus m (feminine ruse)

1. Russian

Related terms

• Rusi
• rusisht

Azerbaijani

Noun

rus (definite accusative rusu, plural ruslar)

1. Russian (person)

Declension

Derived terms

• rusca
• rusdilli

Adjective

rus (comparative daha rus, superlative ?n rus)

1. Russian, of, from, or pertaining to Russia.

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /?rus/
• Rhymes: -us

Adjective

rus (feminine russa, masculine plural russos, feminine plural russes)

1. Russian (pertaining to Russia, to the Russian people, or to the Russian language)

Derived terms

• petit rus (“Ukrainian”)
• rus blanc (“Belorussian”)

Noun

rus m (plural russos, feminine russa)

1. Russian (an inhabitant of Russia or an ethnic Russian)

Derived terms

• petit rus (“Ukrainian”)
• rus blanc (“Belorussian”)

Noun

rus m (uncountable)

1. Russian (the Slavic language of the Russians)

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

• ruaz

Etymology

From Latin radius. Compare Italian raggio, Romanian raz?.

Noun

rus m

1. ray

Danish

Etymology 1

From an old Danish verb ruse, from Middle Low German rusen (“to rush”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ru?s/, [?u??s]

Noun

rus c (singular definite rusen, plural indefinite ruse)

1. intoxication
2. ecstasy

Derived terms

• rusmiddel

Related terms

• stoffer

Etymology 2

Maybe an abbreviaton of Latin depositurus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rus/, [?us]

Noun

rus c (singular definite russen, plural indefinite russer)

1. freshman, first-year student

Inflection

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?s/
• Hyphenation: rus
• Rhymes: -?s

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch rusch, rosch. The Juncaceae plants may constitute a parallel etymology

Alternative forms

• rusch (obsolete)
• rosch, ruisch, risch, resch (all obsolete)

Noun

rus m (plural russen, diminutive rusje n)

1. A sod, turf of soil, grass, reed or other vegetation
2. The graminal plant Armeria vulgaris or Armeria maritima
3. A grass-like plant, (bul)rush, notably of the genera Juncus and Luzula.

Synonyms

• (sod): plag, zode
• (Armeria species): pastoorsgras n
• (plant rush): bies, bloembies, veldbies

Derived terms

• rusachtig (adj)
• (rush-related species; presumably all have a modern from ending in -rus instead of -rusch) Alpenrusch, boschrusch, draadrusch, dwergrusch, greppelrusch, koprusch, lidrusch, moerasrusch, paddenrusch, pitrus, steenrusch, trekrusch, waterrusch, zeerus
• russenpol
• rusruiterskruid, (obsolete) ruschruiterskruid

Etymology 2

From rechercheur.

Noun

rus m (plural russen, diminutive rusje n)

1. (slang) police detective

Etymology 3

Adjective

rus

1. Alternative form of ruis

French

Noun

rus m

1. plural of ru

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *rowos, from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewos (“open space, field”), from *rewh?-. Cognate with Old Irish róe (“flat field”) and Avestan ????????????????????????-? (rauuah-, “open space”). See English room.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ru?s/, [ru?s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /rus/, [rus]

Noun

r?s n (genitive r?ris); third declension

1. countryside; country
2. a farm
3. a village

Usage notes

• R?s is one of a handful of common nouns that take the locative case, the other two being domus and humus.

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem), with locative.

Derived terms

• r?r?lis
• r?restris
• r?sticus
• r?s in urbe

See also

• c?vit?s f
• oppidum n
• urbs f

References

• rus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• rus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• rus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, ?ISBN, page 531

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

rus m (definite singular rusen, uncountable)

1. The mental state of inebriation, intoxication, brought on by using alcohol or other drugs

Derived terms

• rusmiddel

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Noun

rus m (definite singular rusen, indefinite plural rusar, definite plural rusane)

1. intoxication (the state of being intoxicated or drunk)
2. extreme joy, ecstasy

Etymology 2

Verb

rus

1. imperative of rusa

References

• “rus” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Portuguese

Noun

rus m (plural rus)

1. (historical) Rus (Scandinavian settlers and merchants in Eastern Europe)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ???? (rus?).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rus/

Adjective

rus m or n (feminine singular rus?, masculine plural ru?i, feminine and neuter plural ruse)

1. Russian

Declension

Noun

rus m (plural ru?i, feminine equivalent rusoaic?)

1. Russian

Declension

Derived terms

• rus?
• rusesc

Related terms

• Rusia

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?us?/

Noun

rus m (genitive singular ruis, no plural)

1. rice (grain)

   Synonym: rìs

Spanish

Noun

rus m (plural rus)

1. (historical) Rus (Scandinavian settlers and merchants in Eastern Europe, particulary in Kievan Rus')

Related terms

• Rus de Kiev

Turkmen

Alternative forms

• ??? (Cyrillic)

Adjective

rus

1. Russian

Noun

rus (definite accusative rusy, plural ruslar)

1. Russian (person)

Uzbek

Alternative forms

• ??? (Cyrillic)

Adjective

rus

1. Russian

Noun

rus (plural ruslar)

1. Russian (person)

Declension