different between perpendicular vs proper
perpendicular
English
Etymology
From Middle French perpendiculaire, from Old French perpendiculer, from Latin perpendiculum (“plumb line”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?p??.p?n?d?k.j?.l?(?)/ enPR: pû"p?nd?'ky?l?(r),
- (US) IPA(key): /p?.p?n?d?k.ju.l?/, /p?.p?n?d?k.j?.l?/
- Rhymes: -?kj?l?(?)
Adjective
perpendicular (comparative more perpendicular, superlative most perpendicular)
- (geometry) at or forming a right angle (to something).
- Synonyms: normal, orthogonal
- Exactly upright; extending in a straight line toward the centre of the earth, etc.
- Independent of or irrelevant to each other; orthogonal.
- 2019 May 31, David M. Willis, "Wrangled", Dumbing of Age:
- Hey, I'm not unsabotaging anything! This is completely perpendicular sabotage!
- 2019 May 31, David M. Willis, "Wrangled", Dumbing of Age:
Derived terms
Translations
Noun
perpendicular (plural perpendiculars)
- (geometry) A line or plane that is perpendicular to another.
- A device such as a plumb line that is used in making or marking a perpendicular line.
- (obsolete, slang) A meal eaten at a tavern bar while standing up.
Translations
See also
- ? (This symbol can be pronounced “perp” when used as a subscript of a letter representing a vector.)
Catalan
Etymology
From Late Latin perpendicul?ris, from perpendiculum.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /p??.p?n.di.ku?la/
- (Central) IPA(key): /p?r.p?n.di.ku?la/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /pe?.pen.di.ku?la?/
Adjective
perpendicular (masculine and feminine plural perpendiculars)
- perpendicular
Derived terms
- perpendicularment
Noun
perpendicular f (plural perpendiculars)
- perpendicular
Further reading
- “perpendicular” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “perpendicular” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
- “perpendicular” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “perpendicular” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Portuguese
Etymology
From Late Latin perpendicul?ris, from perpendiculum.
Pronunciation
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /p??.p?.di.ku.?la?/
- Hyphenation: per?pen?di?cu?lar
Adjective
perpendicular (plural perpendiculares, comparable)
- perpendicular
Noun
perpendicular f (plural perpendiculares)
- perpendicular
Derived terms
Romanian
Etymology
From French perpendiculaire
Noun
perpendicular f (plural perpendiculare)
- perpendicular
Declension
Spanish
Etymology
From Late Latin perpendicul?ris, from perpendiculum.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pe?pendiku?la?/, [pe?.p?n?.d?i.ku?la?]
Adjective
perpendicular (plural perpendiculares)
- perpendicular
Derived terms
- perpendicularmente
perpendicular From the web:
- what perpendicular lines
- what perpendicular mean
- what perpendicular lines look like
- what perpendicular sides
- what perpendicular lines form
proper
English
Alternative forms
- propre (obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle English propre, from Anglo-Norman proper, propre, Old French propre (French: propre), from Latin proprius.
Pronunciation
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /?p??p.?/
- (UK) IPA(key): /?p??p.?(?)/
- (US) enPR: präp??r, IPA(key): /?p??.p?/
- Rhymes: -?p?(?)
- Hyphenation: prop?er
Adjective
proper (comparative more proper, superlative most proper)
- (heading) Suitable.
- Suited or acceptable to the purpose or circumstances; fit, suitable. [13th c.]
- Following the established standards of behavior or manners; correct or decorous. [18th c.]
- This new-comer was a man who in any company would have seemed striking. […] Indeed, all his features were in large mold, like the man himself, as though he had come from a day when skin garments made the proper garb of men.
- Suited or acceptable to the purpose or circumstances; fit, suitable. [13th c.]
- (heading) Possessed, related.
- (grammar) Used to designate a particular person, place, or thing. Proper nouns are usually written with an initial capital letter. [14th c.]
- Pertaining exclusively to a specific thing or person; particular. [14th c.]
- , II.1.3:
- They have a proper saint almost for every peculiar infirmity: for poison, gouts, agues […].
- 1829, James Marsh, Preliminary Essay to Samuel Taylor Coleridge's Aids to Reflection
- those higher and peculiar attributes […] which constitute our proper humanity
- , II.1.3:
- (usually postpositive) In the strict sense; within the strict definition or core (of a specified place, taxonomic order, idea, etc).
- 1893, Annual of the Universal Medical Sciences:
- These are divided into two great families, the vipers proper (Viperidae) and the pit-vipers (Crotalidae).
- 1976, Eu-Yang Kwang, The political reconstruction of China, page 165:
- Siberia, though it stands outside the territorial confines of Russia proper, constitutes an essentially component part […] . Outer Mongolia, [so called] to distinguish it from Inner Mongolia, which lies nearer to China proper, revolted and declared its independence.
- 2004, Stress, the Brain and Depression, page 24:
- Hence, this border is still blurred, raising the question whether traumatic life events induce sadness/distress – which is self-evident – or depression proper and, secondly, whether sadness/distress is a precursor or pacemaker of depression.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:proper.
- 1893, Annual of the Universal Medical Sciences:
- (archaic) Belonging to oneself or itself; own. [14th c.]
- 1717, John Dryden, Meleager and Atalanta
- Now learn the difference, at your proper cost, / Betwixt true valour and an empty boast.
- , II.4.1.ii:
- every country, and more than that, every private place, hath his proper remedies growing in it, particular almost to the domineering and most frequent maladies of it.
- 1946, Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy, I.20:
- Each animal has its proper pleasure, and the proper pleasure of man is connected with reason.
- 1717, John Dryden, Meleager and Atalanta
- (heraldry) Portrayed in natural or usual coloration, as opposed to conventional tinctures. [16th c.]
- (mathematics) Being strictly part of some other thing (not necessarily explicitly mentioned, but of definitional importance), and not being the thing itself. [20th c.]
- (mathematics, physics) Eigen-; designating a function or value which is an eigenfunction or eigenvalue. [20th c.]
- (heading) Accurate, strictly applied.
- Excellent, of high quality; such as the specific person or thing should ideally be. (Now often merged with later senses.) [14th c.]
- (now regional) Attractive, elegant. [14th c.]
- 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, Acts 7:
- The same tyme was Moses borne, and was a propper [transl. ??????? (asteîos)] childe in the sight of God, which was norisshed up in his fathers housse thre monethes.
- 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, Acts 7:
- (often postpositive) In the very strictest sense of the word. [14th c.]
- (now colloquial) Utter, complete. [15th c.]
- Excellent, of high quality; such as the specific person or thing should ideally be. (Now often merged with later senses.) [14th c.]
Synonyms
- (fit, suitable): correct, right, apt, prudent, upright, sensible, fitting
- (correct, decorous): appropriate, decent, good, polite, right, well-mannered, upright
- (fitting, right): appropriate, just, honorable
- (complete, thorough): comprehensive, royal, sweeping, intensive
- (strictly, properly-speaking): strictly speaking, properly speaking, par excellence
- (true): full, complete
- (informal: utter): complete, right (informal), total, utter
Antonyms
- (fit, suitable): incorrect, wrong, bad, imprudent, insensible, improper
- (correct, decorous): inappropriate, indecent, bad, impolite, wrong, ill-mannered, unseemly
- (fitting, right): inappropriate, unjust, dishonorable
- (complete, thorough): partial, incomplete, superficial, slapdash
- (true): incomplete
Related terms
- appropriate
- propriety
- properly
Translations
See also
- proper adjective
- proper fraction
- proper noun
Adverb
proper (not comparable)
- (Britain, Australia, colloquial) properly; thoroughly; completely.
- 1964, Saint Andrew Society (Glasgow, Scotland), The Scots magazine: Volume 82
- Don't you think you must have looked proper daft?
- 1964, Saint Andrew Society (Glasgow, Scotland), The Scots magazine: Volume 82
- (nonstandard, colloquial) properly.
- 2012, Soufside, Hello (song)
- When I meet a bad chick, know I gotta tell her hello
- talk real proper, but she straight up out the ghetto
- 2012, Soufside, Hello (song)
Noun
proper (plural propers)
- (obsolete) Something set apart for a special use.
Anagrams
- per pro, propre
Catalan
Etymology
prop +? -er.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /p?o?pe/
- (Central) IPA(key): /p?u?pe/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /p?o?pe?/
Adjective
proper (feminine propera, masculine plural propers, feminine plural properes)
- near, close
- Synonym: pròxim
- neighbouring
- next
- Synonym: següent
Synonyms
- (the coming day, week, year etc.): que ve, venint
Related terms
- prop
Further reading
- “proper” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Danish
Etymology
Borrowed from French propre (“clean, house-trained, own”), from Latin proprius (“own”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pro?b?r/, [?p???o??b??]
Adjective
proper
- cleanly
- tidy
Inflection
Derived terms
- properhed ("cleanliness", "tidiness")
References
- “proper” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?pro?.p?r/
- Hyphenation: pro?per
Etymology
From Middle Dutch proper, from Old French propre, from Latin proprius.
Adjective
proper (comparative properder, superlative properst)
- (chiefly Belgium) clean
Inflection
Synonyms
- netjes, rein, zindelijk.
- (Netherlands) schoon.
German
Etymology
Ultimately from Old French propre, from Latin proprius. Probably borrowed in north-western dialects via Middle Dutch proper [13th c., sense: 15th c.], later generalized under the influence of modern French propre. The colloquial euphemism for “chubby” may, in part, be due to association with Proppen (whence also proppenvoll and Wonneproppen).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?p??p?/
Adjective
proper (comparative properer, superlative am propersten)
- (somewhat informal, dated) in good condition: clean; neat; well-kept; developed
- (colloquial, euphemistic) overweight; chubby
Declension
Further reading
- “proper” in Duden online
Old French
Adjective
proper m (oblique and nominative feminine singular proper)
- (rare) Alternative form of propre
- Or a mai entendez Ki proper volunté amez, Set Pechez 70
proper From the web:
- what properties does a conductor have
- what property of this wave is represented by the letter a
- what properties of bone prevent it from breaking
- what properties can michael buy
- what property of light is shown in the picture
- what property of neurons allows them to
- what are the properties of a conductor
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