different between peremptory vs crusty

English

Etymology

From Anglo-Norman peremptorie, parentorie et al. (Modern French péremptoire), and its source, Latin perempt?rius (“deadly; decisive”), from perim? (“destroy”), from per- (“thorough”) + em? (“I take, I acquire”) (compare English emporium (“store”)).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /p????mpt??i/

Adjective

peremptory (comparative more peremptory, superlative most peremptory)

1. (law) Precluding debate or expostulation; not admitting of question or appeal
   • 1596, Francis Bacon, Maxims of the Law, II:

     there is no reason but if any of the outlawries be indeed without error, but it should be a peremptory plea to the person in a writ of error, as well as in any other action.

   Synonyms: positive, absolute, decisive, conclusive, final

2. Positive in opinion or judgment; absolutely certain, overconfident, unwilling to hear any debate or argument (especially in a pejorative sense); dogmatic.
   • 2003, Andrew Marr, The Guardian, 6 Jan 03:

     He marched under a placard reading "End Bossiness Now" but decided it was a little too peremptory, not quite British, so changed the slogan on subsequent badges, to "End Bossiness Soon."

3. (obsolete) Firmly determined, resolute; obstinate, stubborn.
4. Accepting no refusal or disagreement; imperious, dictatorial.
   • […] less surprising than that he had been depressed by a book. Something was making him nibble at the edge of stale ideas as if his sturdy physical egotism no longer nourished his peremptory heart.

   • 1999, Anthony Howard, The Guardian, 2 Jan 99:

     Though today (surveying that yellowing document) I shudder at the peremptory tone of the instructions I gave, Alastair - in that same volume in which I get chastised for my coverage of the Macmillan rally - was generous enough to remark that my memorandum became 'an office classic'.

Derived terms

• peremptorily
• peremptory challenge

Translations

Noun

peremptory (plural peremptories)

1. (law) A challenge to the admission of a juror, without the challenger needing to show good cause.
   • 2015 June 18, Justice Alito, Davis v. Ayala, Case No. 13-1428:

     Each side was allowed 20 peremptories, and the prosecution used 18 of its allotment.

References

• peremptory in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• preemptory, preëmptory

English

Etymology

From Middle English, equivalent to crust +? -y.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k??sti/
• Rhymes: -?sti

Adjective

crusty (comparative crustier, superlative crustiest)

1. Having a crust, especially a thick one.
   • 1899, Kate Chopin, The Awakening

     No one was there. But there was a cloth spread upon the table that stood against the wall, and a cover was laid for one, with a crusty brown loaf and a bottle of wine beside the plate

2. (informal, figuratively, of a person or behavior) Short-tempered and gruff but, sometimes, with a harmless or benign inner nature.

   Synonyms: gruff, peevish, surly, harsh

   • 1922, Henry William Fischer, Abroad with Mark Twain and Eugene Field

     Then somebody told a story about the Swedish Majesty's last sojourn in Norway. There, at a railway station, Oscar ran against a crusty old farmer who thought himself a lot better than a mere king and kept his hat on.

3. (informal) Of very low quality. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

   Synonym: inferior

Translations

Noun

crusty (plural crusties)

1. (chiefly Britain, informal) A tramp or homeless young person with poor cleanliness.
2. (slang) Dried eye mucus.

   Synonyms: (UK dialectal) gound, sleep, (informal) sleepy dust

   • 1999, Vinnie Hansen, Murder, Honey, Xlibris Corporation, ?ISBN, page 155:

     Against the backdrop of muted stripes of color, Julieanne picked at her eyes’ crusties, and then combed her hair with the hand.

   • 2003, Mary O'Connell, "Saint Anne", in Living with Saints, Grove Press, ?ISBN, page 209:

     Jesus, how could I bear the sight of him—sleep crusties lodged in the corners of his rheumy eyes, a puff of chest hair cresting like meringue over the top of his V-neck sweater, khakis jacked up to his breastbone—when I was used to looking at the singularly lovely Isabella?

   • 2005, Jeffrey Dinsmore, I, an Actress: The Autobiography of Karen Jamey, Contemporary Press, ?ISBN, page 51:

     I wiped the crusties from my eyes, threw on a sundress, and wandered out into the living room.

3. (chiefly Britain, informal) A member of an urban subculture with roots in punk and grebo, characterized by antiestablishment attitudes and an unkempt appearance.
   • 1998, Simon Reynolds, Energy Flash, Soft Skull Press (2012) (?ISBN), page 135:

     The Spirals are part of the crossover between the rave scene and the ‘crusty’ subculture—crusties being squat-dwelling anarcho-hippy-punk types named after their matted dreadlocks and post-apocalyptic garb.

Alternative forms

• crustie

See also

• cruddy
• crufty

References

• crusty in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• “crusty” in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
• "crusty" in the Wordsmyth Dictionary-Thesaurus (Wordsmyth, 2002)
• "crusty (adj. easily annoyed)" in Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (Cambridge University Press, 2007)
• "crusty (n. an unwashed person)" in Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (Cambridge University Press, 2007)
• “crusty”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
• Oxford English Dictionary, second edition (1989)
• Random House Webster's Unabridged Electronic Dictionary (1987-1996)

Anagrams

• curtsy