different between per vs hypo
per
English
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /p??(?)/
- (US) IPA(key): /p?/
- Rhymes: -??(r)
- Homophone: purr
Etymology 1
From Latin per (“through, during”), from Proto-Indo-European *per. Doublet of par.
Preposition
per
- For each.
- To each, in each (used in expressing ratios of units).
- (medicine) By the, by means of the, via the, through the.
- In accordance with.
Usage notes
- In senses equivalent to "each", per is typically followed by a singular noun phrase with no determiner.
- Take one pill per day, not *Take one pill per a day.
- The common exception is its use with plural noun phrases, although these are almost always limited to large round numbers such as 100, 1,000, 10,000...
- The abortion rate in the U.S. has dropped since 1980 from nearly 30 per 1,000 women of childbearing age to less than 20.
- In medical senses, per is followed by the name of an orifice in Latin rather than English.
Synonyms
- (abbreviation) p, p., /, ? UTF-16 0x214C, introduced in Unicode 4.1.0 (March 2005)
- an, a
Derived terms
Related terms
- per- (as in perfect, perfection and perplex)
Translations
Etymology 2
shortening of person, coined by Marge Piercy in Woman on the Edge of Time (1979)
Pronoun
per (third-person singular, gender-neutral, nominative case, accusative per, possessive adjective pers, possessive noun pers, reflexive perself)
- (rare) They (singular). Gender-neutral neologistic third-person singular subject pronoun, coordinate with gendered pronouns he and she.
- 1997 April 22, "Anthony and Joy Hilbert" (username), "ASB: Info PDQ please re local group rules", in alt.sex.bondage, Usenet:
- This is the same place the Houghtons came from? The place where someone we interacted with thought of going into law as a profession, decided per couldn't because per was a bdsmer, and most of the USAmerican bdsmers per was discussing it with agreed with per?
- 1997 April 22, "Anthony and Joy Hilbert" (username), "ASB: Info PDQ please re local group rules", in alt.sex.bondage, Usenet:
- (rare) Them (singular) Neologistic gender-neutral third-person singular object pronoun, suggested for use in place of him and her.
- 1997 April 22, "Anthony and Joy Hilbert" (username), "ASB: Info PDQ please re local group rules", in alt.sex.bondage, Usenet:
- This is the same place the Houghtons came from? The place where someone we interacted with thought of going into law as a profession, decided per couldn't because per was a bdsmer, and most of the USAmerican bdsmers per was discussing it with agreed with per?
- 1997 April 22, "Anthony and Joy Hilbert" (username), "ASB: Info PDQ please re local group rules", in alt.sex.bondage, Usenet:
Derived terms
- perself
Synonyms
- (singular) they
- ey, e, sie, shi, ze
Hyponyms
- (as subject): he, she
- (as object): him, her
Adjective
per (not comparable)
- (rare) Belonging to per, their (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular possessive adjective, coordinate with gendered his and her.
Derived terms
- pers
Synonyms
- (singular) their
- eir, hir
Hyponyms
- his, her
See also
- other attested and proposed gender-neutral pronouns
Anagrams
- EPR, ERP, RPE, Rep, Rep., pre, pre-, rep
Aromanian
Alternative forms
- peru
Etymology 1
From Latin pilus. Compare Romanian p?r.
Noun
per
- hair
Related terms
- piros
Etymology 2
From Latin pirus. Compare Romanian p?r.
Noun
per
- pear tree
Related terms
- pearã
Asturian
Etymology
From Latin per.
Preposition
per
- by means of, by way of, by
- for
- through
Derived terms
Breton
Etymology 1
Compare Cornish per, Welsh pêr.from Vulgar Latin *pira
Noun
per f (singulative perenn)
- pears
Derived terms
- gwez-per
- per-douar
- pereg
- perenn
- perenneg
- perennek
- perid
- sistr per
Etymology 2
Compare Cornish per, Welsh pair.from Proto-Celtic *k?aryos
Noun
per m (plural perioù)
- cauldron
Related terms
- chaoudouron
- kaoter
- pothouarn
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin per.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /p??/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /pe?/
Preposition
per
- Through, via: used in indicating the medium through which passage occurs.
- At, during, in: used in indicating the time at which an event occurs.
- During, for: used in indicating the duration of time for which an event occurs.
- Because, because of: used in indicating the reason an action was undertaken.
- (when followed by a verbal noun) Used in indicating the activity one intends to do because of an action.
- By: used in indicating the agent responsible for an action.
- For each; for every.
- A, for, per: used in indicating a rate of exchange.
Usage notes
- When the preposition per is followed by a masculine definite article, el (sg) or els (pl), it is contracted with it to the forms pel (sg) or pels (pl) respectively. If el would be elided to the form l’ because it is before a word beginning with a vowel, the elision to per l’ takes precedence over contracting to pel.
Derived terms
Further reading
- “per” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Cimbrian
Etymology 1
From Middle High German bër, from Old High German bero, from Proto-West Germanic *ber?, from Proto-Germanic *berô (“bear”). Cognate with German Bär, English bear.
Noun
per m
- (Luserna) bear
References
- “per” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Etymology 2
From Middle High German ber, from Old High German beri, from Proto-West Germanic *ba?i, from Proto-Germanic *bazj? (“berry”). Cognate with German Beere, English berry.
Noun
per n (plural pern)
- (Luserna) berry
Derived terms
References
- “per” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Cornish
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)Compare Breton per, Welsh pêr.
Noun
per f (singulative peren)
- pears
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?p?r]
Verb
per
- second-person singular imperative of prát
Danish
Preposition
per (abbreviated pr.)
- For each; for every
Dutch
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -?r
Preposition
per
- For each; for every; per
- by means of
Anagrams
- rep
Esperanto
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin per.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /per/
- Hyphenation: per
Preposition
per
- by means of, with
See also
- kun
Finnish
Etymology
From Latin per.
Preposition
per
- per
Synonyms
- kohden, kohti
German
Pronunciation
Preposition
per (+ accusative or dative)
- per, via, by, in acccordance with
Usage notes
- per is followed by a noun in either the accusative or dative case. No semantic distinction is made between the cases here. Examples from Duden: per ersten / erstem Januar, "as of the first of January"; per eingeschriebenen / eingeschriebenem Brief, "by registered letter".
References
- “per” in Duden online
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?p?r]
- Hyphenation: per
- Rhymes: -?r
Etymology 1
Back-formation from perel.
Alternative forms
- pör (dialectal)
Noun
per (plural perek)
- (law) action, suit, lawsuit
- Synonyms: eljárás, kereset
Declension
Derived terms
Related terms
Etymology 2
From Latin per (“through”).
Adverb
per
- per
- (mathematics) divided by
Derived terms
- perjel
References
Further reading
- (action, lawsuit): per in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN
- (per, divided by): per in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN
Ido
Etymology
From Esperanto per, from English per, French par, Italian per, Spanish por, ultimately from Latin per, from Proto-Indo-European *per.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /per/, /p??/
Preposition
per
- by means of, by, with (some means)
- (mathematics) multiplied by, times
Derived terms
- per ke (“through the fact that”)
See also
- da (“by”)
- kun (“with (in company with)”)
Indonesian
Alternative forms
- pir (nonstandard)
Etymology 1
From Dutch veer (“feather, spring”), a contraction of veder, from Middle Dutch vedere, from Old Dutch fethara, from Proto-Germanic *feþr?, from Proto-Indo-European *péth?r? ~ pth?én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth?- (“to fly”). The sense "spring" is derived from the ability of feathers to resume their shape when bent.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?p?r]
- Hyphenation: pèr
Noun
pèr (first-person possessive perku, second-person possessive permu, third-person possessive pernya)
- spring, a mechanical device made of flexible or coiled material that exerts force and attempts to spring back when bent, compressed, or stretched.
- Synonym: pegas
- (colloquial) arc lamp.
- Synonyms: bohlam, bola lampu listrik, lampu busur
Derived terms
Compounds
Etymology 2
From Dutch per, from Latin per (“through, during”), from Proto-Indo-European *per.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?p?r]
- Hyphenation: pêr
Preposition
pêr
- per,
- for each.
- Synonym: tiap
- to each, in each (used in expressing ratios of units).
- Synonyms: bagi, demi
- by the, by means of the, via the, through the.
- Synonym: dengan
- for each.
- since
- Synonyms: mulai, sejak
Further reading
- “per” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Italian
Etymology
From Latin per.
Preposition
per
- for
- to (indicates direction)
- through
- in or on
- by
- with
- as
Usage notes
- When followed by the definite article, per can be combined with the article to give the following combined forms (old-fashioned, very rarely used):
Derived terms
See also
- pro
References
Ladin
Etymology
From Latin per.
Preposition
per
- for
- through
- in or on
- by
- with
- as
Latin
Alternative forms
- ? (Mediaeval sigil)
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *per, from Proto-Indo-European *peri. Cognates include Ancient Greek ???? (perí), Sanskrit ??? (pári), Lithuanian per, Albanian për and English for.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /per/, [p?r]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /per/, [p?r]
Preposition
per (+ accusative)
- through, by means of
- (Caesar, de Bello Gallico, VII, 11)
- throughout, during
Derived terms
Descendants
- Eastern Romance:
- Aromanian: pri, pi, pre
- Romanian: pre, pe, p?, pi
- Istriot: par
- Italian: per
- Franco-Provençal: per
- Old Leonese: [Term?]
- Asturian: per
- Old Occitan: [Term?]
- Catalan: per
- Old French: par
- Middle French: par
- French: par
- ? English: par
- French: par
- Lorrain: poir
- Picard: per
- Middle French: par
- Old Portuguese: per
- Portuguese: per
- Old Spanish: [Term?]
- Spanish: par
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: par
- Ladin: per
- Venetian: par
- ? Danish: per
- ? Dutch: per
- ? English: per
- ? Finnish: per
- ? German: per
- ? Hungarian: per
- ? Norwegian: per
- ? Swedish: per
References
- per in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- per in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- per in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?[3], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Latvian
Verb
per
- 2nd person singular present indicative form of p?rt
- 3rd person singular present indicative form of p?rt
- 3rd person plural present indicative form of p?rt
- 2nd person singular imperative form of p?rt
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of p?rt
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of p?rt
Lithuanian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *peri. Cognates include Ancient Greek ???? (perí), Sanskrit ??? (pári), Latin per and English for.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [p??r]
Preposition
per (with accusative)
- through
- during
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English pere, peru.
Noun
per
- Alternative form of pere (“pear”)
Etymology 2
From Medieval Latin pera.
Noun
per
- Alternative form of pere (“bridge pillar”)
Etymology 3
From Old French per.
Noun
per
- Alternative form of pere (“peer”)
Adjective
per
- Alternative form of pere (“equal”)
Mòcheno
Etymology 1
From Middle High German bër, from Old High German bero, from Proto-West Germanic *ber?, from Proto-Germanic *berô (“bear”). Cognate with German Bär, English bear.
Noun
per m
- bear
Etymology 2
From Middle High German ber, from Old High German beri, from Proto-West Germanic *ba?i, from Proto-Germanic *bazj? (“berry”). Cognate with German Beere, English berry.
Noun
per n
- berry
Derived terms
- himper
- schbòrzper
- eaper
References
- “per” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin per (related to native for).
Preposition
per (abbreviated pr.)
- For each, for every, per.
Synonyms
- (for each): for hver, i, om
Derived terms
- per stykk
References
- “per” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin per (related to native for).
Preposition
per (abbreviated pr.)
- For each, for every, per.
Derived terms
- per stykk
References
- “per” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Romani
Alternative forms
- pir, poriá
Etymology
Borrowed from Old Armenian ??? (p?or, “belly, abdomen”). Doublet of pori.
Noun
per f (plural pera)
- (anatomy) abdomen, belly
Derived terms
References
- A?a?ean, Hra??eay (1971–1979) , “???”, in Hayer?n armatakan ba?aran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
- Paspati, Alexandre G. (1870) , “per”, in Études sur les Tchinghianés; ou, Bohémiens de l'Empire ottoman (in French), Constantinople: Impr. A. Koroméla, page 422
Sardinian
Etymology
From Latin per.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?per/
Preposition
per
- per, by, through
Swedish
Pronunciation
Preposition
per
- For each; for every
Anagrams
- rep
Volapük
Noun
per (nominative plural pers)
- loss
Declension
Derived terms
- peräd
- perot
- perön
Zazaki
Noun
per
- page
per From the web:
- what percentage
- what percentage of the us population is black
- what percentage of the us is vaccinated
- what percent of america is white
- what percentage of california is vaccinated
- what personality type am i
- what percentage of pa is vaccinated
- what percent of women are sexually assaulted
hypo
English
Etymology
Clipping of various terms beginning with hypo-, from Ancient Greek ??? (hupó, “under”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?ha?.p??/
- (US) IPA(key): /?ha?.po?/
- Rhymes: -a?p??
Noun
hypo (countable and uncountable, plural hypos)
- (obsolete) Melancholy; a fit of ‘hypochondria’; a morbid depression.
- 1711 "I have a better Stomach tha usuall and have perfectly forgot what the Hyppo means",Joseph Collett, merchant, writing from Rio de Janeiro, Oct 15, 1711, in his Private Letter Books, edited by H. H. Dodwell in 1933. (cited by Eric Partidge, A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventinoal English
- 1837 Abraham Lincoln: Tell your sister I dont want to hear any more about selling out and moving. That gives me the hypo whenever I think of it. (Letter to Mary S. Owens, May 7. 1837, Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln. Volume 1.
- But thou sayest, methinks that white-lead chapter about whiteness is but a white flag hung out from a craven soul; thou surrenderest to a hypo, Ishmael. (Chapter 42, "The Whiteness of the Whale")
- (slang) A hypochondriac.
- 1953, General Motors Acceptance Corporation, General Exchange Insurance Corporation, Motors Insurance Corporation, News and Views (page 30)
- Certainly no one can accuse a bunch of hypos of lying dormant during the noon-hour. The activity, inside and out, is simply terrific. To us, personally, by far the most interesting group of hypochondriacs in attendance at this particular emporium […]
- 1953, General Motors Acceptance Corporation, General Exchange Insurance Corporation, Motors Insurance Corporation, News and Views (page 30)
- (photography) sodium thiosulphate, a photographic fixing agent.
- (slang) A hypoglycaemia attack in a person with diabetes.
- (informal) The substance sodium hyposulfite.
- (slang) A hypodermic syringe.
- (slang, finance, Britain) Hypothecation.
- (informal, in the study of law) A hypothetical case.
- (informal, zoology) A hypomelanistic snake.
Translations
See also
- hypo-
hypo From the web:
- what hypothesis
- what hypothesis mean
- what hypothyroidism
- what hypothermia
- what hypoallergenic dogs
- what hypoglycemia
- what hypocrite mean
- what hypothesis will the experiment test
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