different between per vs bpm

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /p??(?)/
• (US) IPA^(key): /p?/
• Rhymes: -??(r)
• Homophone: purr

Etymology 1

From Latin per (“through, during”), from Proto-Indo-European *per. Doublet of par.

Preposition

per

1. For each.

2. To each, in each (used in expressing ratios of units).

3. (medicine) By the, by means of the, via the, through the.

4. In accordance with.

Usage notes

• In senses equivalent to "each", per is typically followed by a singular noun phrase with no determiner.

  Take one pill per day, not *Take one pill per a day.

• The common exception is its use with plural noun phrases, although these are almost always limited to large round numbers such as 100, 1,000, 10,000...

  The abortion rate in the U.S. has dropped since 1980 from nearly 30 per 1,000 women of childbearing age to less than 20.

• In medical senses, per is followed by the name of an orifice in Latin rather than English.

Synonyms

• (abbreviation) p, p., /, ? UTF-16 0x214C, introduced in Unicode 4.1.0 (March 2005)
• an, a

Derived terms

Related terms

• per- (as in perfect, perfection and perplex)

Translations

Etymology 2

shortening of person, coined by Marge Piercy in Woman on the Edge of Time (1979)

Pronoun

per (third-person singular, gender-neutral, nominative case, accusative per, possessive adjective pers, possessive noun pers, reflexive perself)

1. (rare) They (singular). Gender-neutral neologistic third-person singular subject pronoun, coordinate with gendered pronouns he and she.
   • 1997 April 22, "Anthony and Joy Hilbert" (username), "ASB: Info PDQ please re local group rules", in alt.sex.bondage, Usenet:

     This is the same place the Houghtons came from? The place where someone we interacted with thought of going into law as a profession, decided per couldn't because per was a bdsmer, and most of the USAmerican bdsmers per was discussing it with agreed with per?

2. (rare) Them (singular) Neologistic gender-neutral third-person singular object pronoun, suggested for use in place of him and her.
   • 1997 April 22, "Anthony and Joy Hilbert" (username), "ASB: Info PDQ please re local group rules", in alt.sex.bondage, Usenet:

     This is the same place the Houghtons came from? The place where someone we interacted with thought of going into law as a profession, decided per couldn't because per was a bdsmer, and most of the USAmerican bdsmers per was discussing it with agreed with per?

Derived terms

• perself

Synonyms

• (singular) they
• ey, e, sie, shi, ze

Hyponyms

• (as subject): he, she
• (as object): him, her

Adjective

per (not comparable)

1. (rare) Belonging to per, their (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular possessive adjective, coordinate with gendered his and her.

Derived terms

• pers

Synonyms

• (singular) their
• eir, hir

Hyponyms

• his, her

See also

• other attested and proposed gender-neutral pronouns

Anagrams

• EPR, ERP, RPE, Rep, Rep., pre, pre-, rep

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• peru

Etymology 1

From Latin pilus. Compare Romanian p?r.

Noun

per

1. hair

Related terms

• piros

Etymology 2

From Latin pirus. Compare Romanian p?r.

Noun

per

1. pear tree

Related terms

• pearã

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin per.

Preposition

per

1. by means of, by way of, by
2. for

3. through

Derived terms

Breton

Etymology 1

Compare Cornish per, Welsh pêr.from Vulgar Latin *pira

Noun

per f (singulative perenn)

1. pears

Derived terms

• gwez-per
• per-douar
• pereg
• perenn
• perenneg
• perennek
• perid
• sistr per

Etymology 2

Compare Cornish per, Welsh pair.from Proto-Celtic *k?aryos

Noun

per m (plural perioù)

1. cauldron

Related terms

• chaoudouron
• kaoter
• pothouarn

Catalan

Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin per.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /p??/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /pe?/

Preposition

per

1. Through, via: used in indicating the medium through which passage occurs.
2. At, during, in: used in indicating the time at which an event occurs.
3. During, for: used in indicating the duration of time for which an event occurs.
4. Because, because of: used in indicating the reason an action was undertaken.
5. (when followed by a verbal noun) Used in indicating the activity one intends to do because of an action.

6. By: used in indicating the agent responsible for an action.
7. For each; for every.
8. A, for, per: used in indicating a rate of exchange.

Usage notes

• When the preposition per is followed by a masculine definite article, el (sg) or els (pl), it is contracted with it to the forms pel (sg) or pels (pl) respectively. If el would be elided to the form l’ because it is before a word beginning with a vowel, the elision to per l’ takes precedence over contracting to pel.

Derived terms

Further reading

• “per” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Cimbrian

Etymology 1

From Middle High German bër, from Old High German bero, from Proto-West Germanic *ber?, from Proto-Germanic *berô (“bear”). Cognate with German Bär, English bear.

Noun

per m

1. (Luserna) bear

References

• “per” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Etymology 2

From Middle High German ber, from Old High German beri, from Proto-West Germanic *ba?i, from Proto-Germanic *bazj? (“berry”). Cognate with German Beere, English berry.

Noun

per n (plural pern)

1. (Luserna) berry

Derived terms

References

• “per” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Cornish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)Compare Breton per, Welsh pêr.

Noun

per f (singulative peren)

1. pears

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p?r]

Verb

per

1. second-person singular imperative of prát

Danish

Preposition

per (abbreviated pr.)

1. For each; for every

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?r

Preposition

per

1. For each; for every; per

2. by means of

Anagrams

• rep

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin per.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /per/
• Hyphenation: per

Preposition

per

1. by means of, with

See also

• kun

Finnish

Etymology

From Latin per.

Preposition

per

1. per

Synonyms

• kohden, kohti

German

Pronunciation

Preposition

per (+ accusative or dative)

1. per, via, by, in acccordance with

Usage notes

• per is followed by a noun in either the accusative or dative case. No semantic distinction is made between the cases here. Examples from Duden: per ersten / erstem Januar, "as of the first of January"; per eingeschriebenen / eingeschriebenem Brief, "by registered letter".

References

• “per” in Duden online

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p?r]
• Hyphenation: per
• Rhymes: -?r

Etymology 1

Back-formation from perel.

Alternative forms

• pör (dialectal)

Noun

per (plural perek)

1. (law) action, suit, lawsuit

   Synonyms: eljárás, kereset

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

From Latin per (“through”).

Adverb

per

1. per

2. (mathematics) divided by

Derived terms

• perjel

References

Further reading

• (action, lawsuit): per in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN
• (per, divided by): per in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Ido

Etymology

From Esperanto per, from English per, French par, Italian per, Spanish por, ultimately from Latin per, from Proto-Indo-European *per.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /per/, /p??/

Preposition

per

1. by means of, by, with (some means)

2. (mathematics) multiplied by, times

Derived terms

• per ke (“through the fact that”)

See also

• da (“by”)
• kun (“with (in company with)”)

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• pir (nonstandard)

Etymology 1

From Dutch veer (“feather, spring”), a contraction of veder, from Middle Dutch vedere, from Old Dutch fethara, from Proto-Germanic *feþr?, from Proto-Indo-European *péth?r? ~ pth?én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth?- (“to fly”). The sense "spring" is derived from the ability of feathers to resume their shape when bent.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p?r]
• Hyphenation: pèr

Noun

pèr (first-person possessive perku, second-person possessive permu, third-person possessive pernya)

1. spring, a mechanical device made of flexible or coiled material that exerts force and attempts to spring back when bent, compressed, or stretched.

   Synonym: pegas

2. (colloquial) arc lamp.

   Synonyms: bohlam, bola lampu listrik, lampu busur

Derived terms

Compounds

Etymology 2

From Dutch per, from Latin per (“through, during”), from Proto-Indo-European *per.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p?r]
• Hyphenation: pêr

Preposition

pêr

1. per,
   1. for each.

      Synonym: tiap

   2. to each, in each (used in expressing ratios of units).

      Synonyms: bagi, demi

   3. by the, by means of the, via the, through the.

      Synonym: dengan

2. since

   Synonyms: mulai, sejak

Further reading

• “per” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Etymology

From Latin per.

Preposition

per

1. for

2. to (indicates direction)
3. through

4. in or on

5. by

6. with
7. as

Usage notes

• When followed by the definite article, per can be combined with the article to give the following combined forms (old-fashioned, very rarely used):

Derived terms

See also

• pro

References

Ladin

Etymology

From Latin per.

Preposition

per

1. for
2. through
3. in or on
4. by
5. with
6. as

Latin

Alternative forms

• ? (Mediaeval sigil)

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *per, from Proto-Indo-European *peri. Cognates include Ancient Greek ???? (perí), Sanskrit ??? (pári), Lithuanian per, Albanian për and English for.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /per/, [p?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /per/, [p?r]

Preposition

per (+ accusative)

1. through, by means of
   • (Caesar, de Bello Gallico, VII, 11)
2. throughout, during

Derived terms

Descendants

• Eastern Romance:
  • Aromanian: pri, pi, pre
  • Romanian: pre, pe, p?, pi
• Istriot: par
• Italian: per
• Franco-Provençal: per
• Old Leonese: [Term?]
  • Asturian: per
• Old Occitan: [Term?]
  • Catalan: per
• Old French: par
  • Middle French: par
    • French: par
      • ? English: par
  • Lorrain: poir
  • Picard: per
• Old Portuguese: per
  • Portuguese: per
• Old Spanish: [Term?]
  • Spanish: par
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: par
  • Ladin: per
• Venetian: par
• ? Danish: per
• ? Dutch: per
• ? English: per
• ? Finnish: per
• ? German: per
• ? Hungarian: per
• ? Norwegian: per
• ? Swedish: per

References

• per in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• per in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
• per in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[3], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Latvian

Verb

per

1. 2nd person singular present indicative form of p?rt
2. 3rd person singular present indicative form of p?rt
3. 3rd person plural present indicative form of p?rt
4. 2nd person singular imperative form of p?rt
5. (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of p?rt
6. (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of p?rt

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *peri. Cognates include Ancient Greek ???? (perí), Sanskrit ??? (pári), Latin per and English for.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [p??r]

Preposition

per (with accusative)

1. through
2. during

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English pere, peru.

Noun

per

1. Alternative form of pere (“pear”)

Etymology 2

From Medieval Latin pera.

Noun

per

1. Alternative form of pere (“bridge pillar”)

Etymology 3

From Old French per.

Noun

per

1. Alternative form of pere (“peer”)

Adjective

per

1. Alternative form of pere (“equal”)

Mòcheno

Etymology 1

From Middle High German bër, from Old High German bero, from Proto-West Germanic *ber?, from Proto-Germanic *berô (“bear”). Cognate with German Bär, English bear.

Noun

per m

1. bear

Etymology 2

From Middle High German ber, from Old High German beri, from Proto-West Germanic *ba?i, from Proto-Germanic *bazj? (“berry”). Cognate with German Beere, English berry.

Noun

per n

1. berry

Derived terms

• himper
• schbòrzper
• eaper

References

• “per” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin per (related to native for).

Preposition

per (abbreviated pr.)

1. For each, for every, per.

Synonyms

• (for each): for hver, i, om

Derived terms

• per stykk

References

• “per” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin per (related to native for).

Preposition

per (abbreviated pr.)

1. For each, for every, per.

Derived terms

• per stykk

References

• “per” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Romani

Alternative forms

• pir, poriá

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Armenian ??? (p?or, “belly, abdomen”). Doublet of pori.

Noun

per f (plural pera)

1. (anatomy) abdomen, belly

Derived terms

References

• A?a?ean, Hra??eay (1971–1979) , “???”, in Hayer?n armatakan ba?aran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
• Paspati, Alexandre G. (1870) , “per”, in Études sur les Tchinghianés; ou, Bohémiens de l'Empire ottoman (in French), Constantinople: Impr. A. Koroméla, page 422

Sardinian

Etymology

From Latin per.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?per/

Preposition

per

1. per, by, through

Swedish

Pronunciation

Preposition

per

1. For each; for every

Anagrams

• rep

Volapük

Noun

per (nominative plural pers)

1. loss

Declension

Derived terms

• peräd
• perot
• perön

Zazaki

Noun

per

1. page

English

Noun

bpm (plural bpm)

1. (music) Initialism of beat per minute.

Anagrams

• BMP, PBM, PMB