different between pen vs penitent

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?n/
  • (pin–pen merger) IPA^(key): /p?n/
• Rhymes: -?n
• Homophone: pin (pin-pen merger)

Etymology 1

From Middle English pen, penne (“enclosure for animals”), from Old English penn (“enclosure, fold, pen”), from Proto-Germanic *penn?, *pannij? (“pin, bolt, nail, tack”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“pointed peg, nail, edge”).

Sense “prison” originally figurative extension to “enclosure for persons” (1845), later influenced by penitentiary (“prison”), being analyzed as an abbreviation (1884).

Noun

pen (plural pens)

1. An enclosure (enclosed area) used to contain domesticated animals, especially sheep or cattle.

2. (slang) Penitentiary, i.e. a state or federal prison for convicted felons.

3. (baseball) The bullpen.

Derived terms

• bullpen
• Pen Mill (or perhaps from Etymology 3)

Related terms

• pin

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English pennen, from Old English *pennian (“to close, lock, bolt”, attested in onpennian (“to open”)), derived from penn (see above). Akin to Low German pennen (“to secure a door with a bolt”).

Verb

pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned or pent)

1. (transitive) To enclose in a pen.

Derived terms

• pent
• pent-up

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English penne, from Anglo-Norman penne, from Old French penne, from Latin penna (“feather”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth?r? ~ pth?én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth?- (“to rush, fly”) (from which petition). Proto-Indo-European base also root of *petra-, from which Ancient Greek ?????? (pterón, “wing”) (whence pterodactyl), Sanskrit ?????? (patram, “wing, feather”), Old Church Slavonic ???? (pero, “pen”), Old Norse fj?ðr, Old English feðer (Modern English feather); note the /p/ ? /f/ Germanic sound change.

See feather and ??????? (pétomai) for more.

Noun

pen (plural pens)

1. A tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks.

2. (figuratively) A writer, or his style.

   • those learned pens

3. (colloquial) Marks of ink left by a pen.

4. A light pen.
5. (zoology) The internal cartilage skeleton of a squid, shaped like a pen.
6. (now rare, poetic, dialectal) A feather, especially one of the flight feathers of a bird, angel etc.
7. (poetic) A wing.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

pen (third-person singular simple present pens, present participle penning, simple past and past participle penned)

1. (transitive) To write (an article, a book, etc.).

Translations

Etymology 4

Origin uncertain. Compare hen.

Noun

pen (plural pens)

1. A female swan.

Translations

Etymology 5

Clipping of penalty.

Noun

pen (plural pens)

1. (soccer, slang) Penalty.

References

Anagrams

• NEP, Nep, PNe, nep

Angloromani

Alternative forms

• pan, pey

Etymology

From Romani phen, from Sanskrit ????? (bhagin?).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p?en], [?pen], [p??n]

Noun

pen

1. sister

   Synonyms: minnipen, rakla

Derived terms

References

• “pen” in The Manchester Romani Project, Angloromani Dictionary.

Cumbric

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *k?ennom, of uncertain derivation.

Noun

pen

1. head
2. top, summit

References

• Attested in Cumbric toponymic compounds and phrasal names (Pen-y-Ghent)

Danish

Etymology 1

From late Old Norse penni, from Latin penna (“feather”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?n?/, [p??n?]

Noun

pen c (singular definite pennen, plural indefinite penne)

1. pen
2. quill
3. pane, peen

Declension

Etymology 2

Adjective

pen (neuter pent, plural and definite singular attributive pene, comparative penere, superlative (predicative) penest, superlative (attributive) peneste)

1. Obsolete spelling of pæn

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch penne, ultimately from Latin penna. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?n/
• Hyphenation: pen
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

pen f (plural pennen, diminutive pennetje n)

1. pen (writing utensil)
2. a long feather of a bird
3. pin

   Synonym: pin

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: pen
• ? Indonesian: pen
• ? Papiamentu: pen

Anagrams

• nep

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French pain (“bread”)

Noun

pen

1. bread

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?p?n]
• Hyphenation: pèn

Etymology 1

From Dutch pen, from Latin penna (“feather, pen”). Doublet of pena.

Noun

pèn (first-person possessive penku, second-person possessive penmu, third-person possessive pennya)

1. (nonstandard) alternative form of pena (“pen”).
2. (medicine) pin, metal used to fasten or as a bearing.

Etymology 2

Verb

pen

1. (slang) Syncopic form of pengen

Further reading

• “pen” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Japanese

Romanization

pen

1. R?maji transcription of ??

Mandarin

Romanization

pen

1. Nonstandard spelling of p?n.
2. Nonstandard spelling of pén.
3. Nonstandard spelling of p?n.
4. Nonstandard spelling of pèn.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Mapudungun

Verb

pen (using Raguileo Alphabet)

1. to see

   Synonym: petun

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Anglo-Norman penne.

Noun

pen

2. Alternative form of penne

Etymology 2

From Old English penn, from Proto-Germanic *penn?.

Alternative forms

• penne, peyn

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?n/
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

pen

2. A enclosed structure for securing animals.

Related terms

Descendants

• English: pen
• Scots: pen

References

• “pen, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-24.

Mindiri

Noun

pen

1. woman

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Possibly from French.

Adjective

pen (neuter singular pent, definite singular and plural pene, comparative penere, indefinite superlative penest, definite superlative peneste)

1. nice

2. neat
3. beautiful, pretty
4. handsome, good-looking

References

• “pen” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Possibly from French.

Adjective

pen (neuter singular pent, definite singular and plural pene, comparative penare, indefinite superlative penast, definite superlative penaste)

1. nice

2. neat
3. beautiful, pretty
4. handsome, good-looking

References

• “pen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Rade

Etymology

Borrowed from French pince.

Noun

pen

1. pincers

Tok Pisin

Etymology 1

From English paint.

Noun

pen

1. paint

Etymology 2

From English pen.

Noun

pen

1. pen

Etymology 3

From English pain.

Noun

pen

1. pain

Volapük

Noun

pen (nominative plural pens)

1. pen

Declension

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh penn, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *k?ennom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?n/

Noun

pen m (plural pennau)

1. (anatomy) head
2. chief
3. top, apex
4. end, extremity

Related terms

Adjective

pen (feminine singular pen, plural pen, equative penned, comparative pennach, superlative pennaf)

1. head
2. chief
3. supreme, principal

Mutation

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “pen”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

English

Alternative forms

• pænitent (archaic)
• penitant (obsolete)
• pœnitent (archaic, nonstandard)

Etymology

From Middle English, from Old French, from Latin paenit?ns, poenit?ns (“penitent”), present participle of paenite?, poenite? (“I cause to repent; I regret, repent”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?n?t?nt/

Adjective

penitent (comparative more penitent, superlative most penitent)

1. Feeling pain or sorrow on account of one's sins or offenses; feeling sincere guilt.

   Synonyms: repentant, contrite; see also Thesaurus:remorseful

   • 1671, John Milton, Paradise Regained

     Be penitent, and for thy fault contrite.

   • 1838, Robert Burton, The Anatomy of Melancholy, B. Blake, p.730,

     If thou be penitent and grieved, or desirous to be so, these heinous sins shall not be laid to thy charge.

2. Doing penance.
   • c. 1594, William Shakespeare, The Comedy of Errors, [Act I, scene ii]:

     […] But we that know what ’tis to fa?t and pray, / Are penitent for your default to day.

Translations

Noun

penitent (plural penitents)

1. One who repents of sin; one sorrowful on account of his or her transgressions.
2. One under church censure, but admitted to penance; one undergoing penance.

   Hyponym: consistent

   • 1837, William Russell, The History of Modern Europe: with an Account of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Longman, Rees, & Co., page 20,

     Wamba, who defeated the Saracens in an attempt upon Spain, was deprived of the crown, because he had been clothed in the habit of a penitent, while labouring under the influence of poison, administered by the ambitious Erviga!

3. One under the direction of a confessor.

Translations

Related terms

Further reading

• penitent in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• penitent in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• penitent at OneLook Dictionary Search

Romanian

Etymology

From French pénitent, from Latin poenitens.

Adjective

penitent m or n (feminine singular penitent?, masculine plural peniten?i, feminine and neuter plural penitente)

1. penitent

Declension