different between parliament vs duma

English

Alternative forms

• parlament (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English parlement, from Anglo-Norman parliament, parlement, parliment, and Middle French and Old French parlement (“discussion, meeting, negotiation; assembly, council”), from parler (“to speak”) + -ment (“-ment”, suffix forming nouns from verbs, usually indicating an action or state resulting from them) (from Latin -mentum). Compare Late Latin parlamentum, parliamentum (“discussion, meeting; council or court summoned by the monarch”), Italian parlamento and Sicilian parramentu.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?p??l?m?nt/, /?p??l??m?nt/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?p??l?m?nt/
• Hyphenation: par?lia?ment

Noun

parliament (countable and uncountable, plural parliaments)

1. (now chiefly historical) A formal council summoned (especially by a monarch) to discuss important issues. [from 13th c.]
2. In many countries, the legislative branch of government, a deliberative assembly or set of assemblies whose elected or appointed members meet to debate the major political issues of the day, make, amend, and repeal laws, authorize the executive branch of government to spend money, and in some cases exercise judicial powers; a legislature. [from 14th c.]
3. A particular assembly of the members of such a legislature, as convened for a specific purpose or period of time (commonly designated with an ordinal number – for example, first parliament or 12th parliament – or a descriptive adjective – for example, Long Parliament, Short Parliament and Rump Parliament). [from 14th c.]
4. A gathering of birds, especially rooks or owls. [from 15th c.]
   • 2016, Alan Moore, Jerusalem, Liveright 2016, p. 122:

     He'd seen a parliament of rooks a hundred strong fall on and kill one of their number amongst the nodding barley rows, and had been shown a yew that had the face of Jesus in its bark.

5. (historical) Parliament cake, a type of gingerbread. [from 19th c.]
   • 1846, Albert Smith, The Snob's Progress

     The children had long ago found out that the kites and shuttlecocks were failures; and popular rumour spoke in deprecating terms of the parliament and gingerbread in general, comparing it to petrified sponge, or slices of pumice stone.

Usage notes

The word is usually capitalised when used as a proper noun referring to a particular parliament.

Derived terms

Translations

Further reading

• parliament on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

English

Alternative forms

• Duma

Etymology

From Russian ????? (dúma, “elective legislative assembly; originally: thought”), ultimately of Germanic origin. Doublet of doom. The drink is named after the legislative assembly.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?dum?/
• Hyphenation: du?ma

Noun

duma (plural dumas)

1. A Russian legislative assembly such as the historical duma of the Russian Empire or the modern lower house of the Federal Assembly (the Russian national parliament).
   • 1905, “Russian Duma” in The Outlook Volume 80, 989:

     Hence, while preserving his autocratic power, the Czar decrees a “Gosudarstvennaia Duma,” or State Council. The elections for this Duma will cover the whole territory of the Empire, ...

2. A drink mixing wine and vodka.

Translations

Anagrams

• Maud, maud, muda

Bikol Central

Noun

duma

1. tuber

Hausa

Noun

dum? m (plural dum??m?, possessed form duman)

1. calabash, gourd (Lagenaria siceraria)

Verb

dum?? (grade 1)

1. To put one's mouth deeply into something
2. (with an indirect object) To strike a person with something

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?dum?]
• Hyphenation: du?ma
• Rhymes: -m?

Etymology 1

From the Russian ????? (dúma, “duma”).

Noun

duma (plural dumák)

1. duma

Declension

Etymology 2

From Romani dum? (“speech”), from a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *duma.

Noun

duma (plural dumák)

1. (colloquial) talk, chat
2. (colloquial) bullshit, lie

Declension

Derived terms

• dumál

Latvian

Adjective

duma

1. (dialectal form) genitive singular masculine form of dums
2. (dialectal form) nominative singular feminine form of dums

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dùma.

Verb

-duma

1. to thunder, to rumble

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Northern Sotho

Etymology 1

Verb

duma

1. to want
2. to wish

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-dùma.

Verb

duma

1. to thunder

Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *duma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?du.ma/
• Hyphenation: du?ma

Noun

duma f

1. pride (sense of one's own worth, and abhorrence of what is beneath or unworthy of one)

Declension

Verb

duma

1. third-person singular present of duma?

Further reading

• duma in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• duma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• d'uma (dated)

Etymology

From earlier d'uma, de (“of”) + uma (“feminine singular indefinite article”)

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /?du.m?/

Contraction

duma f (feminine plural dumas, masculine dum, masculine plural duns)

1. Contraction of de uma (“pertaining or relating to a”).of a; from a (feminine singular)
   • 1877, Unknown, A boneca, compiled in Contos para a Infância, Guerra Junqueiro:

     Deixe-me agora, leitor, contar-lhe uma história — a história duma boneca!

     Now let me, reader, tell you a story - the story of a doll!

Southern Ndebele

Relative

-dúma

1. tasteless, flavourless

Inflection

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: du?ma

Noun

duma (n class, plural duma)

1. cheetah

Zulu

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dú?ma/

Relative

-dúma

1. tasteless, flavourless

Inflection

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-dùma.

The expected reflex would be -vuma. It is likely that this is a back formation from indumo, from Proto-Bantu *-d??ma, a variant of Proto-Bantu *-dùma.

Verb

-duma

1. (intransitive) to be noisy
2. (intransitive) to roar, to thunder
3. (intransitive) to be famous, to be renowned

Inflection

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) , “-duma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, ?ISBN: “-duma”
• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) , “duma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, ?ISBN: “duma (8.3)”