different between orchestra vs proscenium

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin orch?stra, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ???????? (orkh?stra) (a derivative of ???????? (orkhéomai, “to dance”)).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /???k?st??/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???k?st??/
• Hyphenation: or?ches?tra

Noun

orchestra (plural orchestras or (rare) orchestrae)

1. (music) A large group of musicians who play together on various instruments, usually including some from strings, woodwind, brass and/or percussion; the instruments played by such a group.
2. A semicircular space in front of the stage used by the chorus in Ancient Greek and Hellenistic theatres.
3. The area in a theatre or concert hall where the musicians sit, immediately in front of and below the stage, sometimes (also) used by other performers.

Usage notes

• In British English, "The orchestra are tuning up" is often used, implying the individual members. In the US, one would almost always hear "The orchestra is tuning up", implying a collective.

Derived terms

Translations

Anagrams

• carthorse, horsecart, rheocrats

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??.k?s.t?a/

Verb

orchestra

1. third-person singular past historic of orchestrer

Anagrams

• torcheras

Italian

Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek ???????? (orkh?stra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /or?k?s.tra/

Noun

orchestra f (plural orchestre)

1. orchestra
2. band
3. orchestra pit

Descendants

• ? Turkish: orkestra

Derived terms

• orchestrale
• orchestrare

Etymology 2

Verb

orchestra

1. inflection of orchestrare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• orchestra in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ???????? (orkh?stra).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /or?k?e?s.tra/, [?r?k?e?s?t??ä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /or?kes.tra/, [?r?k?st???]

Noun

orch?stra f (genitive orch?strae); first declension

1. orchestra (area in front of a stage)

Declension

First-declension noun, with locative.

Descendants

• English: orchestra
• French: orchestre
• Italian: orchestra
• Portuguese: orquestra
• Spanish: orquestra

References

• orchestra in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• orchestra in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• orchestra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• orchestra in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia?^[1]
• orchestra in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• orchestra in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ur?kestra/

Noun

orchestra f (plural orchestre)

1. orchestra

Romanian

Etymology 1

From French orchestrer.

Verb

a orchestra (third-person singular present orchestreaz?, past participle orchestrat) 1st conj.

1. to orchestrate

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Noun

orchestra f

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of orchestr?

English

Alternative forms

• proscænium

Etymology

From Latin proscaenium (“in front of the scenery”), from Ancient Greek ?????????? (prosk?nion), from ??? (pró, “before”) + ????? (sk?n?, “scene building”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /p????si?.ni.?m/
• (US) IPA^(key): /p?o??si?.ni.?m/

Noun

proscenium (plural prosceniums or proscenia)

1. (in a modern theater) The stage area between the curtain and the orchestra.
2. (in an ancient theater) The stage area immediately in front of the scene building.
3. (in an ancient theater) The row of columns at the front the scene building, at first directly behind the circular orchestra but later upon a stage.
   • 1936, Roy C. Flickinger, The Greek Theater and Its Drama, 4th edition, page 58

     The front of the scene-building and of the parascenia came to be decorated with a row of columns, the proscenium (???, "before"+?????).

4. A proscenium arch.

Coordinate terms

Translations

Danish

Noun

proscenium n (singular definite prosceniet, plural indefinite proscenier)

1. proscenium

Inflection

Latin

Alternative forms

• proscaenium

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????????? (prosk?nion), from ??? (pró, “before”) + ????? (sk?n?, “scene building”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /pros?ke?.ni.um/, [p??s??ke?ni???]
• (Vulgar) IPA^(key): /pros?ke?.ni.u/, [pros?ke?n?u]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pro??e.ni.um/, [p??????nium]

Noun

prosc?nium n (genitive prosc?ni? or prosc?n?); second declension

1. proscenium

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter), with locative.

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants

• ? English: proscenium
• French: proscénium
• Italian: proscenio

References

• proscenium in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• proscenium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette