different between opium vs laudanum

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin opium and Ancient Greek ????? (ópion), from ???? (opós, “juice of a plant”), from Proto-Indo-European *swok?os (“juice, resin”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?o?pi.?m/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???pi.?m/

Noun

opium (countable and uncountable, plural opiums or opia)

1. (uncountable) A yellow-brown, addictive narcotic drug obtained from the dried juice of unripe pods of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, and containing alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, and papaverine.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:opium

2. (by extension, countable) Anything that numbs or stupefies.

Derived terms

• opium poppy
• Opium War

Translations

Czech

Noun

opium n

1. opium

Declension

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch opium, from Latin opium, from Ancient Greek ????? (ópion), from ???? (opós).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?o?.pi.?m/
• Hyphenation: opi?um

Noun

opium n or m (uncountable)

1. opium

   Synonym: amfioen

Derived terms

• opiaat
• opiumchinees
• opiumderivaat
• opiumextract
• opiumhandel
• opiumhol
• opiumkit
• opiumoorlog
• opiumpijp
• opiumpil
• opiumroker
• opiumschuiver
• opiumsmokkel
• opiumsmokkelaar
• opiumsmokkelarij
• opiumverslaafd
• opiumverslaafde
• opiumverslaving

Related terms

• amfioen

Descendants

• Afrikaans: opium
• ? West Frisian: opium

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?.pj?m/

Noun

opium m (plural opiums)

1. opium

Latin

Alternative forms

• opion

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ????? (ópion), from ???? (opós, “juice of a plant”), from Proto-Indo-European *sok?os (“juice, resin”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?o.pi.um/, [??pi???]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?o.pi.um/, [???pium]

Noun

opium n (genitive opi? or op?); second declension

1. opium, poppy-juice

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants

• English: opium
• French: opium
• Italian: oppio
• Russian: ?????? (ópium)
• Spanish: opio

References

• opium in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• opium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin opium, from Ancient Greek ????? (ópion)

Noun

opium m (definite singular opiumen, uncountable)

1. opium

Derived terms

• opiumsvalmue

Related terms

• opiat

References

• “opium” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “opium” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin opium, from Ancient Greek ????? (ópion)

Noun

opium n or m (definite singular opiumet or opiumen, uncountable)

1. opium

Derived terms

• opiumsvalmue

Related terms

• opiat

References

• “opium” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Romanian

Noun

opium n (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of opiu

Swedish

Noun

opium c

1. opium (a drug)

Declension

Derived terms

English

Etymology

From New Latin, from Latin laud? (“I praise”), or ladanum (“a gum resin”), from Ancient Greek ??????? (ládanon). Originally the same word as ladanum, labdanum, compare French laudanum, Italian laudano, ladano. See ladanum.

Used by Paracelsus to refer to ladanum gum, and to a compound recipe containing pearls, but apparently not to any preparation of opium; this modern sense was introduced by his followers (Sigerist 1941:540–1).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?l??d?n?m/, /?l??dn?m/

Noun

laudanum (usually uncountable, plural laudanums)

1. A tincture of opium, once widely used for various medical purposes and as a recreational drug.

Derived terms

• Dutchman's laudanum

Translations

Verb

laudanum (third-person singular simple present laudanums, present participle laudanuming, simple past and past participle laudanumed)

1. (transitive) To add laudanum to (a drink or the like).
2. (rare) To cause (a person) to be high on laudanum.

References

• Sigerist, Henry E. (1941). "Laudanum in the works of Paracelsus". Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 9 (5):530–544. [4]
• laudanum in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “laudanum”, in Online Etymology Dictionary

Czech

Noun

laudanum n

1. laudanum (tincture of opium)

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lo.da.n?m/

Noun

laudanum m (usually uncountable, plural laudanums)

1. laudanum

Further reading

• “laudanum” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?lau?.da.num/, [???äu?d?än???]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?lau?.da.num/, [?l??u?d??num]

Noun

laudanum n (genitive laudan?); second declension

1. laudanum

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

References

• laudanum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)