different between object vs ergativity

object

English

Etymology

From Old French object, from Medieval Latin obiectum (object, literally thrown against), from obiectus, perfect passive participle of obici? (I throw against), from ob- (against) +? iaci? (I throw), as a gloss of Ancient Greek ???????????? (antikeímenon).

Pronunciation

  • (noun)
    • (UK) enPR: ?b'j?kt, IPA(key): /??b.d???kt/
    • (US) enPR: ?b'j?kt, IPA(key): /??b.d???kt/
  • (verb)
    • (UK, US) enPR: ?b-j?kt', IPA(key): /?b?d???kt/
    • Rhymes: -?kt

Noun

object (plural objects)

  1. A thing that has physical existence.
  2. Objective; the goal, end or purpose of something.
    • 2000, Phyllis Barkas Goldman & John Grigni, Monkeyshines on Ancient Cultures
      The object of tlachtli was to keep the rubber ball from touching the ground while trying to push it to the opponent's endline.
  3. (grammar) The noun phrase which is an internal complement of a verb phrase or a prepositional phrase. In a verb phrase with a transitive action verb, it is typically the receiver of the action.
  4. A person or thing toward which an emotion is directed.
  5. (object-oriented programming) An instantiation of a class or structure.
  6. (category theory) An element within a category upon which functions operate. Thus, a category consists of a set of element objects and the functions that operate on them.
  7. (obsolete) Sight; show; appearance; aspect.
    • c. 1610s, George Chapman, Batrachomyomachia
      He, advancing close / Up to the lake, past all the rest, arose / In glorious object.

Synonyms

  • (thing): article, item, thing
  • (person or thing toward which an emotion is directed): target
  • See also Thesaurus:goal

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

  • subject

References

  • object on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Verb

object (third-person singular simple present objects, present participle objecting, simple past and past participle objected)

  1. (intransitive) To disagree with or oppose something or someone; (especially in a Court of Law) to raise an objection.
  2. (transitive, obsolete) To offer in opposition as a criminal charge or by way of accusation or reproach; to adduce as an objection or adverse reason.
    • 1708, Joseph Addison, The Present State of the War, and the Necessity of an Augmentation
      There are others who will object the poverty of the nation.
  3. (transitive, obsolete) To set before or against; to bring into opposition; to oppose.
    • early 17th century, Edward Fairfax, Godfrey of Bulloigne: or The recovery of Jerusalem.
      Of less account some knight thereto object, / Whose loss so great and harmful can not prove.
    • c. 1678, Richard Hooker, a sermon
      some strong impediment or other objecting itself

Derived terms

  • objection

Translations


Dutch

Etymology

From Middle French [Term?], from Old French object, from Latin obiectum.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /?p?j?kt/, /??bj?kt/
  • Hyphenation: ob?ject

Noun

object n (plural objecten, diminutive objectje n)

  1. object, item
  2. (grammar) object

Related terms

  • objectief
  • objectiviteit
  • subject

Descendants

  • Afrikaans: objek
  • ? Indonesian: objek

object From the web:

  • what objects do magnets stick to
  • what object has the greatest inertia
  • what objects are attracted to magnets
  • what objects are in the solar system
  • what object does myrtle want
  • what objects have kinetic energy
  • what objects are black
  • what objects reflect light


ergativity

English

Etymology

From ergative +? -ity.

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /??(?)???t?v.?.ti/

Noun

ergativity (uncountable)

  1. (linguistics) The property of a grammar's (or, by extension, a language's) being ergative; the attribute of possessing a grammatical pattern such that the object of a transitive verb is treated the same way as the subject of an intransitive one, while the subject of the transitive verb is treated differently.
    • 1991, Ronald W. Langacker, Foundations of Cognitive Grammar: Descriptive Application, Volume 2, Stanford University Press, page 386,
      We can speak of ergative/absolutive organization whenever intransitive subjects pattern with transitive objects (to the exclusion of transitive subjects). So defined, ergativity is independent of case marking and has many linguistic manifestations, some being observable in any given language. At the same time, ergativity competes with accusativity even in languages where it represents the predominant pattern.
    • 1994, R. M. W. Dixon, Ergativity, Cambridge University Press, page 1,
      Ergativity is thus complementary to the familiar grammatical pattern of accusativity, in which one case (nominative) marks both intransitive and transitive subject, with another case (accusative) being employed for transitive object.
    • 2000, Javier Rivas, Ergativity and Transitive Gradients in the Accusative and Infinitive Construction, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Imprenta Universitaría, page 153,
      Apart from the types of split ergativity-accusativity dealt with in the previous section, there are languages which show degrees of ergativity in their morphology and also —although less frequently— in their syntax, [] . Actually, Dixon (1994: 172) claims that syntactic ergativity is much stranger cross-linguistically than some degree of morphological ergativity. [] There are many languages in the world which show some degree of ergativity.

Usage notes

  • Writers distinguish between morphological and syntactic ergativity, based on how it is manifested. (In studied languages, syntactic ergativity has not been observed to exist in the absence of the morphological sort.) For more details, see Ergativity#Realization of ergativity on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Coordinate terms

  • accusativity

Translations

See also

  • absolutive case
  • accusativity
  • ergative case

Further reading

  • Ergative–absolutive language on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
  • Nominative–accusative language on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
  • Morphosyntactic alignment on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

ergativity From the web:

  • what is ergativity in linguistics
  • what does ergativity mean
  • what is split ergativity
  • what is syntactic ergativity
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