different between norm vs precedent

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /n??m/
• (US) enPR: nôrm, IPA: /n??m/
• Rhymes: -??(r)m

Etymology 1

From French norme, from Old French, from Latin norma (“a carpenter's square, a rule, a pattern, a precept”).

Noun

norm (plural norms)

1. That which is normal or typical.
2. A rule that is imposed by regulations and/or socially enforced by members of a community.
3. (philosophy, computer science) A sentence with non-descriptive meaning, such as a command, permission, or prohibition.
5. (mathematics) A function, generally denoted ${\displaystyle v\mapsto \left|v\right|}$ or ${\displaystyle v\mapsto \left\|v\right\|}$, that maps vectors to non-negative scalars and has the following properties:
   1. if ${\displaystyle v\neq 0}$ then ${\displaystyle \left\|v\right\|\neq 0}$;
   2. given a scalar ${\displaystyle k}$, ${\displaystyle \left\|kv\right\|=\left|k\right|\cdot \left\|v\right\|}$, where ${\displaystyle \left|k\right|}$ is the absolute value of ${\displaystyle k}$;
   3. given two vectors ${\displaystyle v,w}$, ${\displaystyle \left\|v+w\right\|\leq \left\|v\right\|+\left\|w\right\|}$ (the triangle inequality).
6. (chess) A high level of performance in a chess tournament, several of which are required for a player to receive a title.

Hyponyms

• (mathematics): absolute value, p-adic absolute value, trivial absolute value

Derived terms

Related terms

• abnormity
• abnormous
• normal
• normated
• normatic
• normative
• normo-

Translations

Etymology 2

Back-formation from normed.

Verb

norm (third-person singular simple present norms, present participle norming, simple past and past participle normed)

1. (mathematical analysis) To endow (a vector space, etc.) with a norm.

Derived terms

• norming

Translations

See also

• normalize, normalise

Further reading

• norm in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• norm in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• morn

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French norme, ultimately from Latin n?rma. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n?rm/
• Hyphenation: norm
• Rhymes: -?rm

Noun

norm f (plural normen, diminutive normpje n)

1. A norm, standard.

Derived terms

• bedrijfsnorm
• begrotingsnorm
• Maastrichtnorm
• normbesef
• normloos
• normtaal
• schrijfnorm
• taalnorm

Related terms

• normaal
• normatief
• normeren

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin norma

Noun

norm m (definite singular normen, indefinite plural normer, definite plural normene)

1. norm (that which is normal)

Derived terms

• normere

References

• “norm” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin norma

Noun

norm f (definite singular norma, indefinite plural normer, definite plural normene)

1. A norm (that which is normal).

Derived terms

• normera/normere
• normering

References

• “norm” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Swedish

Pronunciation

Noun

norm c

1. norm (that which is normal)
2. norm (in analysis)

Declension

Related terms

• normal
• normera
• normalisera

Anagrams

• morn

Veps

Etymology

Related to Finnish nurmi.

Noun

norm

1. A clearing (among trees).

English

Alternative forms

• præcedent (archaic)

Etymology

From Middle French, from Old French, from Latin praec?d?ns, present participle of praec?dere (“to precede”); See precede.

Pronunciation

Adjective:

• IPA^(key): /p???si?.d?nt/

Noun:

• (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) enPR: pr?s??-d?nt, IPA^(key): /?p??s.?.d?nt/
• (General Australian, Ireland) IPA^(key): /?p?i?.s?.d?nt/, /?p??s-/
• (General New Zealand) IPA^(key): /?p?es.?.d?nt/, /?p?i?-/, /?p??s-/

Noun

precedent (plural precedents)

1. An act in the past which may be used as an example to help decide the outcome of similar instances in the future.
   • 1594, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie

     Examples for cases can but direct as precedents only.

2. (law) A decided case which is cited or used as an example to justify a judgment in a subsequent case.
3. An established habit or custom.
4. (obsolete, with definite article) The aforementioned (thing).
   • , New York 2001, p.74:

     A third argument may be derived from the precedent.

5. The previous version.
6. (obsolete) A rough draught of a writing which precedes a finished copy.

Coordinate terms

• (a case used as an example to justify a judgment in a subsequent one): case law

Derived terms

Translations

Adjective

precedent (not comparable)

1. Happening or taking place earlier in time; previous or preceding. [from 14th c.]
2. (now rare) Coming before in a particular order or arrangement; preceding, foregoing. [from 15th c.]

Translations

Verb

precedent (third-person singular simple present precedents, present participle precedenting, simple past and past participle precedented)

1. (transitive, law) To provide precedents for.
2. (transitive, law) To be a precedent for.

See also

• stare decisis

Anagrams

• precented

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin praec?d?ns.

Adjective

precedent (masculine and feminine plural precedents)

1. previous, preceding

Noun

precedent m (plural precedents)

1. precedent

Related terms

• precedència
• precedir

Further reading

• “precedent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “precedent” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “precedent” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “precedent” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Czech

Noun

precedent m

1. precedent (past act used as example)

Synonyms

• precedens

Related terms

• See cese

Further reading

• precedent in Kartotéka Novo?eského lexikálního archivu
• precedent in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French precedent. First attested in the 16th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pre?.se??d?nt/, /?pre?.s??d?nt/
• Hyphenation: pre?ce?dent
• Rhymes: -?nt

Noun

precedent n (plural precedenten)

1. precedent

Derived terms

• precedentwerking

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin praec?d?ns. Compare Middle French preceder.

Adjective

precedent m (oblique and nominative feminine singular precedent or precedente)

1. preceding; that comes before

Romanian

Etymology

From French précédent.

Noun

precedent n (plural preceden?i)

1. precedent

Declension