different between nettle vs fret

English

Wikispecies

Etymology

From Middle English netle, netel, from Old English netle, netele, netel, from Proto-West Germanic *natilu (cognate with Old Saxon netila, Middle Dutch netele (modern Dutch netel), German Nessel, Middle Danish nædlæ (“nettle”)), a diminutive of Proto-Germanic *nat? (of unknown origin, perhaps from the same source as net).

Pronunciation

• enPR: n?t'(?)l, IPA^(key): /?n?t(?)l/
• Rhymes: -?t(?)l

Noun

nettle (plural nettles)

1. Any plant whose foliage is covered with stinging, mildly poisonous hairs, causing an instant rash.
   1. Especially, most species of herb genus Urtica, the stinging nettles:
      1. Most, but not all, subspecies of Urtica dioica (common nettle),
      2. Urtica incisa (Australian nettle);
   2. Wood nettle (Laportea canadensis);
   3. Bull nettles and spurge nettles of genus Cnidoscolus:
      1. Cnidoscolus stimulosus, bull nettle, spurge nettle,
      2. Cnidoscolus texanus, Texas bull nettle,
      3. Cnidoscolus urens, bull nettle,
      4. Nettle trees or tree nettles:
         1. Various species of the genus Dendrocnide:
         2. Urera baccifera (scratchbush),
         3. Urtica ferox (tree nettle);
   4. rock nettle (Eucnide);
   5. small-leaved nettle (Dendrocnide photinophylla).
2. Certain plants that have spines or prickles:
   1. ball nettle (Solanum carolinense);
   2. Solanum elaeagnifolium, bull nettle, silver-leaf nettle, white horse-nettle;
   3. Solanum dimidiatum, western horse-nettle, robust horse-nettle;
   4. Solanum rostratum, horse-nettle;
   5. Celtis (hackberry).
3. Certain non-stinging plants, mostly in the family Lamiaceae, that resemble the species of Urtica:
   1. dead nettle, dumb nettle (Lamium), particularly Lamium album, white nettle;
   2. false nettle (Boehmeria, family Urticaceae);
   3. flame nettle or painted nettle (Coleus);
   4. hedge nettle (Stachys);
   5. hemp nettle (Galeopsis);
   6. horse nettle Agastache urticifolia,
   7. nilgiri nettle, Himalayan giant nettle (Girardinia diversifolia, family Urticaceae).
4. Loosely, anything which causes a similarly stinging rash, such as a jellyfish or sea nettle.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

nettle (third-person singular simple present nettles, present participle nettling, simple past and past participle nettled)(transitive)

1. (transitive) Of the nettle plant and similar physical causes, to sting, causing a rash in someone.

   The children were badly nettled after playing in the field.

   • c. 1597, William Shakespeare, Henry IV, Part 1, Act I, Scene 3,^[1]

     […] I am whipp’d and scourged with rods,

     Nettled and stung with pismires, when I hear

     Of this vile politician, Bolingbroke.

2. (transitive, figuratively) To pique, irritate, vex or provoke.
   • 1679, Aphra Behn, The Feign’d Curtizans, London: Jacob Tonson, Act V, Scene 1, p. ,^[2]

     His Mistress: whose Mistress, what Mistress; s’life how that little word has nettled me!

   • 1741, Samuel Richardson, Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded, London: C. Rivington & J. Osborn, 2nd edition, Volume I, Letter 31, p. 212,^[3]

     I saw Mr. Williams was a little nettled at my Impatience […]

   • 1985, United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Daily Report: People's Republic of China (issues 180-189, page 42)

     Liu, whose political writings had nettled the Taiwanese authorities, was assassinated on October 15, last year, in Daly City […]

Translations

Anagrams

• letten, telnet

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /f??t/
• Rhymes: -?t

Etymology 1

From Middle English fr?ten (“to eat; to devour, eat up; to bite, chew; to consume, corrode, destroy; to rub, scrape away; to hurt, sting; to trouble, vex”), from Old English fretan (“to eat up, devour; to fret; to break, burst”), from Proto-Germanic *fraetan? (“to consume, devour, eat up”), from Proto-Germanic *fra- (“for-, prefix meaning ‘completely, fully’”) (from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forward, toward”)) + *etan? (“to eat”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?ed- (“to eat”)).

The word is cognate with Dutch vreten, fretten (“to devour, hog, wolf”), Low German freten (“to eat up”), German fressen (“to devour, gobble up, guzzle”), Gothic ???????????????????????????? (fraitan, “to devour”), Swedish fräta (“to eat away, corrode, fret”); and also related to Danish fråse (“to gorge”).

The senses meaning “to chafe, rub” could also be due to sound-association with Anglo-Norman *freiter (modern dialectal French fretter), from Vulgar Latin *frict?re, frequentative of Latin fric?re, from fric? (“to chafe, rub”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *b?reyH- (“to cut”); compare Old French froter (modern French frotter). The chief difficulty is the lack of evidence of the Old French word.

Verb

fret (third-person singular simple present frets, present participle fretting, simple past fretted or fret or frate, past participle fretted or (usually in compounds) fretten)

1. (transitive, obsolete or poetic) Especially when describing animals: to consume, devour, or eat.
2. (transitive) To chafe or irritate; to worry.
3. (transitive) To make rough, to agitate or disturb; to cause to ripple.
4. (transitive) In the form fret out: to squander, to waste.
5. (transitive, intransitive) To gnaw; to consume, to eat away.
6. (transitive, intransitive) To be chafed or irritated; to be angry or vexed; to utter peevish expressions through irritation or worry.
7. (intransitive) To be worn away; to chafe; to fray.
8. (intransitive) To be anxious, to worry.
9. (intransitive) To be agitated; to rankle; to be in violent commotion.
10. (intransitive, brewing, oenology) To have secondary fermentation (fermentation occurring after the conversion of sugar to alcohol in beers and wine) take place.

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

fret (plural frets)

1. Agitation of the surface of a fluid by fermentation or some other cause; a rippling on the surface of water.
2. Agitation of the mind marked by complaint and impatience; disturbance of temper; irritation.
3. Herpes; tetter (“any of various pustular skin conditions”).
4. (mining, in the plural) The worn sides of riverbanks, where ores or stones containing them accumulate after being washed down from higher ground, which thus indicate to miners the locality of veins of ore.

Etymology 2

From Middle English fr?ten (“to adorn, decorate, ornament”), from Old French freté, freter, fretter (“to fret (decorate with an interlacing pattern)”), from Old French fret (from fraindre (“to break”), from Latin frang? (“to break, shatter”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *b?reg- (“to break”)) + Old French -er (“suffix forming verbs”) (from Latin -?re, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?enh?- (“to burden, charge”)).

Noun

fret (plural frets)

1. An ornamental pattern consisting of repeated vertical and horizontal lines, often in relief.
2. (heraldry) A saltire interlaced with a mascle.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

fret (third-person singular simple present frets, present participle fretting, simple past and past participle fretted)

1. (transitive) To decorate or ornament, especially with an interlaced or interwoven pattern, or (architecture) with carving or relief (raised) work.
2. (transitive) To form a pattern on; to variegate.
3. (transitive) To cut through with a fretsaw, to create fretwork.

Derived terms

• unfret

Translations

Etymology 3

From Old French frete (“ferrule, ring”) (modern French frette). The origin of the music senses are uncertain; they are possibly from frete or from fret (“to chafe, rub”).

Noun

fret (plural frets)

1. (obsolete or dialectal) A ferrule, a ring.
3. (music) One of the pieces of metal, plastic or wood across the neck of a guitar or other string instrument that marks where a finger should be positioned to depress a string as it is played.

Derived terms

• fretboard
• fretless
• fretman

Translations

Verb

fret (third-person singular simple present frets, present participle fretting, simple past and past participle fretted)

1. To bind, to tie, originally with a loop or ring.
2. (transitive, music) Musical senses.
   1. To fit frets on to (a musical instrument).

   2. To press down the string behind a fret.

Related terms

• refret

Translations

References

• fret on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• fret at OneLook Dictionary Search

Etymology 4

From Latin fretum (“channel, strait”).

Noun

fret (plural frets)

2. A channel, a strait; a fretum.

Related terms

• fretum
• transfretation
• transfrete

Etymology 5

From Old French frete, fraite, fraicte, possibly partly confused with fret (“channel, strait”).

Noun

fret (plural frets)

1. (rare) A channel or passage created by the sea.

Etymology 6

Of unknown origin.

Noun

fret (plural frets)

1. (Northumbria) A fog or mist at sea, or coming inland from the sea.

Derived terms

• sea fret

References

Anagrams

• TERF, reft, terf, tref

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fr?t/
• Hyphenation: fret
• Rhymes: -?t
• Homophone: Fred

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch furet, fret, from Old French furet, from Vulgar Latin *f?rittus, diminutive of Latin f?r (“thief”).

Noun

fret m (plural fretten, diminutive fretje n)

1. ferret, Mustela putorius furo

Hypernyms

• bunzing

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English fret.

Noun

fret m (plural frets, diminutive fretje n)

1. (music) fret, on the neck on for example a guitar

Anagrams

• erft, tref

French

Etymology

From Old French fret, from Middle Dutch vrecht, from Old Dutch *fr?ht, from Proto-Germanic *fra- + *aihtiz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f??/
• Homophones: feraient, ferais, ferait, frais, frets

Noun

fret m (plural frets)

1. (shipping) Freight, cargo fees: the cost of transporting cargo by boat.
2. (by extension) Rental of a ship, in whole or in part.
3. Freight, cargo, payload (of a ship).
   • 2008 March 9, Reuters, “L'ATV Jules Verne né sous une bonne étoile”,

     Il n'y aura plus alors que les vaisseaux Progress russes pour emmener du fret à bord de la station spatiale, et les Soyouz pour les vols habités.

     So there will only be the Russian Progress shuttles to take freight aboard the space station, and the Soyuz for manned flights.

Descendants

• ? Portuguese: frete
• ? Spanish: flete

Further reading

• “fret” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Gothic

Romanization

fr?t

1. Romanization of ????????????????

Old French

Alternative forms

• frait

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle Dutch vrecht.

Noun

fret m (oblique plural frez or fretz, nominative singular frez or fretz, nominative plural fret)

1. charge (demand of payment in exchange for goods or services)

Descendants

• French: fret
  • ? Portuguese: frete
  • ? Spanish: flete
• ? Galician: frete

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

fret

1. past participle of fraindre