different between natural vs standard

English

Alternative forms

• naturall (obsolete)
• nat'ral (AAVE)

Etymology

From Middle English natural, borrowed from Old French natural, naturel, from Latin n?t?r?lis, from n?tus, the perfect participle of n?scor (“be born”, verb).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: n?ch??r-?l, n?ch?r?l IPA^(key): /?næt????l/, /?næt???l/
• (General American) enPR: n?ch??r-?l, n?ch?r?l, IPA^(key): /?næt????l/, /-??l/, /?næt???l/
• Rhymes: -æt????l, -æt???l
• Hyphenation: nat?u?ral, natu?ral

Adjective

natural (comparative more natural, superlative most natural)

1. That exists and evolved within the confines of an ecosystem.

2. Of or relating to nature.

3. Without artificial additives.

4. As expected; reasonable.
5. (music) Neither sharp nor flat. Denoted ?.

6. (music) Produced by natural organs, such as those of the human throat, in distinction from instrumental music.
7. (music) Applied to an air or modulation of harmony which moves by easy and smooth transitions, digressing but little from the original key.# (mathematics) Having 1 as the base of the system, of a function or number.
8. Without, or prior to, modification or adjustment.
   1. (dice games) The result of a dice roll before bonuses or penalties are added to or subtracted from the result.
9. Having the character or sentiments properly belonging to one's position; not unnatural in feelings.
10. (obsolete) Connected by the ties of consanguinity.
11. Related genetically but not legally to one's father; born out of wedlock, illegitimate.
    • 1990, Roy Porter, English Society in the 18th Century, Penguin 1991, p. 264:

      Dr Erasmus Darwin set up his two illegitimate daughters as the governesses of a school, noting that natural children often had happier (because less pretentious) upbringings than legitimate.

12. (of sexual intercourse) Without a condom.

13. (bridge) Bidding in an intuitive way that reflects one's actual hand.

Synonyms

• (exists in an ecosystem): see Thesaurus:innate or Thesaurus:native
• (as expected): inevitable, necessary, reasonable; See also Thesaurus:inevitable
• (without adjustment): see Thesaurus:raw
• (connected by consanguinity): see Thesaurus:consanguine
• (born out of wedlock): see Thesaurus:illegitimate
• (without a condom): see Thesaurus:condomless

Antonyms

• (exists in an ecosystem): aberrant, abnormal, artificial
• (as expected): see Thesaurus:strange
• (without additives): processed
• (bridge): conventional

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

natural (plural naturals)

1. (now rare) A native inhabitant of a place, country etc. [from 16th c.]
   • 1615, Ralph Hamor, A True Discourse of the Present State of Virginia, Richmond 1957, page 3:

     I coniecture and assure my selfe that yee cannot be ignorant by what meanes this peace hath bin thus happily both for our proceedings and the welfare of the Naturals concluded [...].

2. (music) A note that is not or is no longer to be modified by an accidental. [from 17th c.]
3. (music) The symbol ? used to indicate such a natural note.
4. One with an innate talent at or for something. [from 18th c.]

5. An almost white colour, with tints of grey, yellow or brown; originally that of natural fabric. [from 20th c.]

6. (archaic) One with a simple mind; a fool or idiot.
   • 1633, A Banqvet of Jests: or, Change of Cheare. Being a collection, of Moderne Ie?ts. Witty Ieeres. Plea?ant Taunts. Merry Tales. The Second Part newly publi?hed, page 30:

     A Noble-man tooke a great liking to a naturall, and had covenanted with his parents to take him from them and to keepe him for his plea?ure, and demanding of the Ideot if he would ?erve him, he made him this an?were, My Father ?aith he, got me to be his foole of my mother, now if you long to have a foole; go & without doubt you may get one of your owne wife.

7. (colloquial, chiefly Britain) One's natural life.
   • 1929, Frederic Manning, The Middle Parts of Fortune, Vintage 2014, page 155:

     ‘Sergeant-Major Robinson came in in the middle of it, and you've never seen a man look more surprised in your natural.’

8. (US, colloquial) A hairstyle for people with Afro-textured hair in which the hair is not straightened or otherwise treated.
   • 2002, Maxine Leeds Craig, Ain't I a Beauty Queen?: Black Women, Beauty, and the Politics of Race, Oxford University Press ?ISBN

     Chinosole, who stopped straightening her hair and cut it into a natural while at a predominantly white college, was quite uneasy with the style

   • 2012, Jack Canfield, Mark Victor Hansen, Chicken Soup for the African American Soul: Celebrating and Sharing Our Culture One Story at a Time, Simon and Schuster ?ISBN

     I wanted to do it for so long — throw out my chemically relaxed hair for a natural.

   • 2015, Carmen M. Cusack, HAIR AND JUSTICE: Sociolegal Significance of Hair in Criminal Justice, Constitutional Law, and Public Policy, Charles C Thomas Publisher ?ISBN, page 155

     Third, it insinuates that black afro hairstyles (e.g., naturals) relate to African cultural heritage, which is largely untrue.

9. (algebra) Closed under submodules, direct sums, and injective hulls.

Translations

Adverb

natural (comparative more natural, superlative most natural)

1. (colloquial, dialect) Naturally; in a natural manner.

See also

• Appendix:Colors

References

• natural in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• natural in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin naturalis, attested from the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /n?.tu??al/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /na.tu??al/

Adjective

natural (masculine and feminine plural naturals)

1. natural

Derived terms

• gas natural
• naturalesa
• naturalisme
• naturalitzar
• naturalment
• nombre natural
• selecció natural

Related terms

• naturalitat

Noun

natural m or f (plural naturals)

1. native, natural (person who is native to a place)

   Synonym: nadiu

Noun

natural m (plural naturals)

1. nature (innate characteristics of a person)

Related terms

• natura

References

Further reading

• “natural” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “natural” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “natural” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin naturalis.

Pronunciation

Adjective

natural m or f (plural naturais)

1. natural

Derived terms

• naturalmente

Noun

natural m or f (plural naturais)

1. native, natural

Synonyms

• nativo

Noun 2

natural m (plural naturais)

1. nature (innate characteristics of a person)

Related terms

• natureza

Further reading

• “natural” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

Middle English

Alternative forms

• naturel, naturalle, naturelle, naturell, naturall, naturill

Etymology

From Old French natural, from Latin n?t?r?lis; equivalent to nature +? -al.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na??tiu?ral/, /na??tiu?r?l/, /na?tiu?ral/, /na?tiu?r?l/

Adjective

natural

1. intrinsic, fundamental, basic; relating to natural law.
2. natural (preexisting; present or due to nature):
   1. usual, regular (i.e. as found in nature)
   2. well; in good heath or condition.
   3. inherited; due to one's lineage.
   4. inborn; due to one's natural reasoning (rather than a deity's intervention)
3. Nourishing; healthful or beneficial to one's body.
4. Misbegotten; conceived outside of marriage
5. Correct, right, fitting.
6. Diligent in performing one's societal obligations.
7. (rare) Endemic, indigenous.
8. (rare) Bodily; relating to one's human form.

Related terms

• supernatural

Descendants

• English: natural
• Scots: naitural

References

• “n?t?r?l, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-14.

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin n?t?r?lis.

Adjective

natural m (oblique and nominative feminine singular naturale)

1. natural

Related terms

• nature
• naistre

Descendants

• ? Middle English: natural
  • English: natural
  • Scots: naitural
• French: naturel
  • ? Breton: naturel

Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /naty?ral/
• Rhymes: -al

Adjective

natural

1. natural

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese natural, borrowed from Latin n?t?r?lis.

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /n?.tu.??a?/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /na.tu.??aw/, [n??.t??.??ä??]
• Hyphenation: na?tu?ral

Adjective

natural m or f (plural naturais, comparable)

1. natural
2. native of, from

   Synonyms: originário, oriundo

3. room-temperature (of liquids)

Antonyms

• (room-temperature): fresco

Related terms

• natura
• naturalidade
• naturalismo
• naturalístico
• naturalizar
• naturalmente
• natureza
• naturismo

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin n?t?r?lis, French naturel, Italian naturale.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na.tu?ral/

Adjective

natural m or n (feminine singular natural?, masculine plural naturali, feminine and neuter plural naturale)

1. natural

Further reading

• natural in DEX online - Dic?ionare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin n?t?r?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /natu??al/, [na.t?u??al]
• Rhymes: -al
• Hyphenation: na?tu?ral

Adjective

natural (plural naturales)

1. natural (of or relating to nature)
2. natural, plain (without artificial additives)

3. natural (as expected; reasonable)

   Synonym: normal

4. (of a day) being a calendar day
5. (music) natural (neither sharp nor flat)
6. (of a child) illegitimate (born to unmarried parents)

   Synonym: ilegítimo

   Antonym: legítimo

7. (of a drink) room-temperature (neither heated nor chilled)

Derived terms

Related terms

• natura (“nature”)
• naturaleza (“nature”)
• naturalidad (“naturalness”)

Further reading

• “natural” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish natural (“natural”).

Adjective

naturál

1. natural

English

Etymology

From Middle English, from the Old French estandart (“gathering place, battle flag”), from Old Frankish *standhard (literally “stand firm, stand hard”), equivalent to stand +? -ard. Alternative etymology derives the second element from Old Frankish *ord (“point, spot, place”) (compare Old English ord (“point, source, vanguard”), German Standort (“location, place, site, position, base”, literally “standing-point”)). More at stand, hard, ord.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?stænd?d/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?stænd??d/, [?ste?nd?d]
• Hyphenation: stan?dard

Adjective

standard (comparative more standard, superlative most standard)

1. Falling within an accepted range of size, amount, power, quality, etc.
2. (of a tree or shrub) Growing alone as a free-standing plant; not trained on a post etc.
   • 1863, Anthony Trollope, Rachel Ray:

     There are women who cannot grow alone as standard trees;—for whom the support and warmth of some wall, some paling, some post, is absolutely necessary […].

3. Having recognized excellence or authority.

   standard works in history; standard authors

4. Of a usable or serviceable grade or quality.
5. (not comparable, of a motor vehicle) Having a manual transmission.
6. As normally supplied (not optional).
7. (linguistics) Conforming to the standard variety.

Antonyms

• nonstandard, non-standard

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

standard (plural standards)

1. A principle or example or measure used for comparison.
   1. A level of quality or attainment.
   2. Something used as a measure for comparative evaluations; a model.
      • 1712, Jonathan Swift, A Proposal For Correcting, Improving, and Ascertaining the English Tongue

        the court, which used to be the standard of propriety and correctness of speech

      • 1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France

        A disposition to preserve, and an ability to improve, taken together, would be my standard of a statesman.

   3. A musical work of established popularity.
   4. A rule or set of rules or requirements which are widely agreed upon or imposed by government.
   5. The proportion of weights of fine metal and alloy established for coinage.
      • 1727, John Arbuthnot, Tables of Ancient Coins, Weights and Measures. Explain'd and exemplify'd in several dissertations

        By the present standard of the coinage, sixty-two shillings is coined out of one pound weight of silver.

   6. A bottle of wine containing 0.750 liters of fluid.
   7. (India) Grade level in primary education.

2. A vertical pole with something at its apex.
   1. An object supported in an upright position, such as a lamp standard.
   2. The flag or ensign carried by a military unit.

      • His armies, in the following day, / On those fair plains their standards proud display.

   3. One of the upright members that supports the horizontal axis of a transit or theodolite.
   4. Any upright support, such as one of the poles of a scaffold.
   5. A tree of natural size supported by its own stem, and not dwarfed by grafting on the stock of a smaller species nor trained upon a wall or trellis.
   6. The sheth of a plough.
3. A manual transmission vehicle.
4. (botany) The upper petal or banner of a papilionaceous corolla.
5. (shipbuilding) An inverted knee timber placed upon the deck instead of beneath it, with its vertical branch turned upward from that which lies horizontally.
6. A large drinking cup.
7. (sociolinguistics) standard idiom, a prestigious or standardized language variety; standard language

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Translations

Interjection

standard

1. (slang) An expression of agreement

References

Anagrams

• Randstad, sand dart

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?standart]

Noun

standard m

1. standard

Related terms

See also

• norma
• m??ítko

Further reading

• standard in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• standard in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology

From English standard.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?stan?dar?t/, [?sd?an?d????d?]
• Homophone: standart

Noun

standard c (singular definite standarden, plural indefinite standarder)

1. standard

Inflection

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English standard.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /st??.da?/

Noun

standard m (plural standards)

1. standard
2. switchboard

Adjective

standard (feminine singular standarde, masculine plural standards, feminine plural standardes)

1. standard

Usage notes

• Often treated as invariable (with the single form standard used for masculine and feminine, singular and plural), but dictionary accounts vary.

Synonyms

• normal

References

Further reading

• “standard” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Alternative forms

• standar (misspelling)

Etymology

Borrowed from English.

Adjective

standard (invariable)

1. standard

Noun

standard m (invariable)

1. standard

Related terms

• standardizzare
• standardizzazione

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old French estandart, via English standard

Adjective

standard (singular and plural standard, comparative mer standard, superlative mest standard)

1. standard

Noun

standard m (definite singular standarden, indefinite plural standarder, definite plural standardene)

1. a standard

Derived terms

• levestandard

References

• “standard” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “standard_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “standard_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old French estandart, via English standard

Adjective

standard (singular and plural standard, comparative meir standard, superlative mest standard)

1. standard

Noun

standard m (definite singular standarden, indefinite plural standardar, definite plural standardane)

1. a standard

Derived terms

• levestandard

References

• “standard” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

From English standard, from Middle English, from Old French estandart (“gathering place, battle flag”), from Old Frankish *standhard (literally “stand firm, stand hard”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?stan.dart/

Noun

standard m inan

1. standard

Declension

Derived terms

• (noun) standaryzacja
• (adjective) standardowy

Further reading

• standard in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• standard in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

From French standard.

Noun

standard n (plural standarde)

1. standard

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /st?ndard/
• Hyphenation: stan?dard

Noun

stàndard m (Cyrillic spelling ?????????)

1. standard

Declension

Swedish

Noun

standard c

1. a standard, a norm

Declension

Related terms

• standardisera

See also

• standar