different between narrow vs moderate

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?næ???/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?næ?o?/, /?n??o?/
• (Mary–marry–merry distinction)
• (Mary–marry–merry merger)
• Rhymes: -ær??

Etymology 1

From Middle English narow, narowe, narewe, narwe, naru, from Old English nearu (“narrow, strait, confined, constricted, not spacious, limited, petty; limited, poor, restricted; oppressive, causing anxiety (of that which restricts free action of body or mind), causing or accompanied by difficulty, hardship, oppressive; oppressed, not having free action; strict, severe”), from Proto-Germanic *narwaz (“constricted, narrow”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ner- (“to turn, bend, twist, constrict”). Cognate with Scots naro, narow, narrow (“narrow”), North Frisian naar, noar, noor (“narrow”), Saterland Frisian noar (“bleak, dismal, meager, ghastly, unwell”), Saterland Frisian Naarwe (“scar”), West Frisian near (“narrow”), Dutch naar (“dismal, bleak, ill, sick”), Low German naar (“dismal, ghastly”), German Narbe (“scar”), Norwegian norve (“a clip, staple”), Icelandic njörva- (“narrow-”, in compounds).

Adjective

narrow (comparative narrower, superlative narrowest)

1. Having a small width; not wide; having opposite edges or sides that are close, especially by comparison to length or depth.
2. Of little extent; very limited; circumscribed.
   • 1675, John Wilkins, Of the Principles and Duties of Natural Religion

     The Jews were but a small nation, and confined to a narrow compass in the world.

3. (figuratively) Restrictive; without flexibility or latitude.

4. Contracted; of limited scope; bigoted

5. Having a small margin or degree.
6. (dated) Limited as to means; straitened

   narrow circumstances

7. Parsimonious; niggardly; covetous; selfish.
   • a. 1719, George Smalridge, The Hopes of a Recompense from Men must not be our chief Aim in doing Good

     a very narrow […] and stinted charity

8. Scrutinizing in detail; close; accurate; exact.
9. (phonetics) Formed (as a vowel) by a close position of some part of the tongue in relation to the palate; or (according to Bell) by a tense condition of the pharynx; distinguished from wide.

Antonyms

• wide
• broad

Related terms

• narrowly
• narrowness

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

narrow (plural narrows)

1. (chiefly in the plural) A narrow passage, especially a contracted part of a stream, lake, or sea; a strait connecting two bodies of water.
   • 1858', William Gladstone, Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age

     Near the island lay on one side the jaws of a dangerous narrow.

Etymology 2

From Middle English narwen (“to narrow”); see there for more details, but ultimately derived from the noun.

Verb

narrow (third-person singular simple present narrows, present participle narrowing, simple past and past participle narrowed)

1. (transitive) To reduce in width or extent; to contract.

2. (intransitive) To get narrower.

3. (of a person or eyes) To partially lower one's eyelids in a way usually taken to suggest a defensive, aggressive or penetrating look.

4. (knitting) To contract the size of, as a stocking, by taking two stitches into one.
5. (transitive, programming) To convert to a data type that cannot hold as many distinct values.

   Antonym: widen

Synonyms

• taper

Derived terms

• narrow down
• renarrow

Translations

English

Etymology

From Middle English moderat, from Latin moder?tus, perfect active participle of moderor (“regulate, restrain, moderate”), from moder-, modes-, a stem appearing also in modestus (“moderate, discreet, modest”), from modus (“measure”); see mode and modest.

Pronunciation

• Adjective, noun:
  • (UK): IPA^(key): /?m?d???t/
  • (US): enPR: mäd'?r-?t, IPA^(key): /?m?d???t/
• Verb:
  • (UK): IPA^(key): /?m?d??e?t/
  • (US): enPR: mäd'?-r?t, IPA^(key): /?m?d??e?t/

Adjective

moderate (comparative more moderate, superlative most moderate)

1. Not excessive; acting in moderation

   moderate language

   a moderate Calvinist

   travelling at a moderate speed

   • 1731, Jonathan Swift, The Presbyterians Plea of Merit

     A number of moderate members managed […] to obtain a majority in a thin house.

2. Mediocre
3. Average priced; standard-deal
4. Not violent or rigorous; temperate; mild; gentle.

   a moderate winter

   • 1859, Arthur Hugh Clough, Life of Sertorius

     These are called the Islands of the Blest; rains fall there seldom, and in moderate showers, but for the most part they have gentle breezes, bringing along with them soft dews

5. (US, politics) Having an intermediate position between liberal and conservative.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:moderate
• See also Thesaurus:intermediate

Derived terms

• moderately
• moderateness

Translations

Noun

moderate (plural moderates)

1. One who holds an intermediate position between extremes, as in politics.

   While the moderates usually propose political compromise, it's often only achieved when the extremists allow them so

   The moderates are the natural advocates of ecumenism against the fanatics of their churches.

2. (Christianity, historical) One of a party in Scottish Church history dominant in the 18th century, lax in doctrine and discipline, but intolerant of evangelicalism and popular rights. It caused the secessions of 1733 and 1761, and its final resultant was the Disruption of 1843.

Translations

Verb

moderate (third-person singular simple present moderates, present participle moderating, simple past and past participle moderated)

1. (transitive) To reduce the excessiveness of (something)

   to moderate rage, action, desires, etc.

   • 1730, John Arbuthnot, An Essay Concerning the Nature of Aliments

     By its astringent Quality, it moderates the relaxing quality of warm Water.

   • 2000, Paul G. Coleman, Positron Beams and Their Applications (page 309)

     This leaves two strategies to increase the current in a positron beam. First is to provide a stronger positron source and second is to develop a more efficient method to moderate the source positrons into a monoenergetic beam.

     To moderate stiff minds disposed to strive.

2. (intransitive) To become less excessive
3. (transitive) To preside over (something) as a moderator

   to moderate a synod

4. (intransitive) To act as a moderator; to assist in bringing to compromise
5. (transitive, physics) To supply with a moderator (substance that decreases the speed of neutrons in a nuclear reactor and hence increases likelihood of fission).

   a graphite-moderated reactor

Synonyms

• (reduce excesses): temperate
• (preside): arbitrate, chair

Derived terms

• moderation
• moderating

Related terms

• modal
• modality
• mode
• model
• moderator
• module

Translations

References

• moderate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• moderate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

German

Pronunciation

Adjective

moderate

1. inflection of moderat:
   1. strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
   2. strong nominative/accusative plural
   3. weak nominative all-gender singular
   4. weak accusative feminine/neuter singular

Italian

Verb

moderate

1. inflection of moderare:
   1. second-person plural present indicative
   2. second-person plural imperative
2. feminine plural of moderato

Anagrams

• dateremo

Latin

Verb

moder?te

1. second-person plural present active imperative of moder?

References

• moderate in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• moderate in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Norwegian Bokmål

Adjective

moderate

1. definite singular of moderat
2. plural of moderat

Norwegian Nynorsk

Adjective

moderate

1. definite singular of moderat
2. plural of moderat