different between nap vs grain

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /nap/
• (US) IPA^(key): /næp/
• Rhymes: -æp
• Homophone: knap

Etymology 1

From Middle English nappen, from Old English hnappian (“to doze, slumber, sleep”), from Proto-Germanic *hnapp?n? (“to nap”). Cognate with Old High German hnaffezan, hnaffezzan (whence Middle High German nafzen (“to slumber”) whence German dialectal napfezen, nafzen (“to nod, slumber, nap”)).

Noun

nap (plural naps)

2. A short period of sleep, especially one during the day.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:shut-eye, Thesaurus:sleep

Derived terms

• catnap
• dirt nap
• micronap
• napless

Translations

See also

See Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take for collocations of nap.

Verb

nap (third-person singular simple present naps, present participle napping, simple past and past participle napped)

1. To have a nap; to sleep for a short period of time, especially during the day.

   Synonyms: snooze, doze

2. (figuratively) To be off one's guard.
   • a. 1684, Samuel Butler, Hudibras

     I took thee napping, unprepared.

Derived terms

• catch napping

Translations

Etymology 2

From late Middle English noppe, nappe, from Middle Dutch and Middle Low German noppe, noppen (“to trim the nap”), ultimately from knappen (“to eat, crack”), of imitative origin. Related to the first element of knapsack.

Noun

nap (countable and uncountable, plural naps)

2. A soft or fuzzy surface, generally on fabric or leather.
   • 1591, King Henry VI part II, by William Shakespeare:

     I tell thee, Jack Cade the clothier means to dress the commonwealth, and turn it, and set a new nap upon it.

   • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick, chapter 16:

     On his long, gaunt body, he carried no spare flesh, no superfluous beard, his chin having a soft, economical nap to it, like the worn nap of his broad-brimmed hat.

   • 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin 2011, page 37:

     There were low bookshelves, there was a thick pinkish Chinese rug in which a gopher could have spent a week without showing his nose above the nap.

   • 1961, Skyline, page 9:

     THEY CALL IT the "nap of the Earth," that area from the ground to the level of surrounding trees and hills, the thin rug of foliage and rock folds at the Earth's skin line that has become all-important to the United States Army.

   • 1987, Some Data Processing Requirements for Precision Nap-Of-the-Earth (NOE) Guidance and Control of Rotorcraft:

     If incorporated in automatic guidance, this practical pursuit adjustment will enhance pilot acceptance of automatic guidance in following nap-of-the-earth profiles with precision.

4. The common direction, on some kinds of fabric, of the hairs making up the pile.

   If the fabric has a nap, make sure all pieces are cut with the nap going the same direction.

   • 1969, Classic Car, volumes 17-19, page 32:

     Instead of grinding the pistons straight around the axis, they are ground diagonally with a special-built machine. As a result, the “nap” of the metal is turned in such a way that, when it meets the “nap” of the cylinder wall, both surfaces quickly develop a high finish which removes the danger of scoring a piston.

Derived terms

• napless

Translations

Verb

nap (third-person singular simple present naps, present participle napping, simple past and past participle napped)

1. To form or raise a soft or fuzzy surface on (fabric or leather).

Etymology 3

From the name of the French emperor Napoleon I of France.

Noun

nap (plural naps)

2. (Britain) A type of bet in British horse racing, based on the experts' best tips.
3. (uncountable, card games) A card game in which players take tricks; properly Napoleon.
4. A bid to take five tricks in the card game Napoleon.

Derived terms

• go nap

Translations

Etymology 4

Probably of North Germanic origin, from Old Swedish nappa (“to pluck, pinch”). Related to nab.

Verb

nap (third-person singular simple present naps, present participle napping, simple past and past participle napped)

1. (obsolete) To grab; to nab.

Derived terms

• kidnap

Etymology 5

From French napper, from nappe (“nape”).

Verb

nap (third-person singular simple present naps, present participle napping, simple past and past participle napped)

1. (cooking) To cover (something) with a sauce. (usually in the passive)
   • 2006, Wayne Gisslen, Mary Ellen Griffin, Professional Cooking for Canadian Chefs:

     Vanilla ice cream topped with a poached or canned pear half, napped with chocolate sauce, and garnished with toasted sliced almonds.

Etymology 6

From Middle English nap (“a bowl”), from Old English hnæpp (“a cup, bowl”), from Proto-Germanic *hnappaz (“a cup, bowl”). Cognate with Dutch nap (“drinking cup”), German Napf (“bowl”), Low German Napp (“bowl, cup”), Icelandic hnappur (“button, key”). See also nappy.

Noun

nap (plural naps)

1. (dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) A cup, bowl.

References

• The Dictionary of the Scots Language

Anagrams

• ANP, NPA, PAN, PNA, Pan, Pan., anp, pan, pan-

Catalan

Etymology

From Old Occitan nap, from Latin n?pus.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /?nap/
• Rhymes: -ap

Noun

nap m (plural naps)

1. turnip, Brassica rapa

Chuukese

Adjective

nap

1. great

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch nap, from Old Dutch nap, from Proto-Germanic *hnappaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n?p/
• Hyphenation: nap
• Rhymes: -?p

Noun

nap m (plural nappen, diminutive napje n)

1. drinking cup

Derived terms

• bedelnap
• zuignap

Anagrams

• pan

Hungarian

Etymology

Of unknown origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?n?p]
• Rhymes: -?p

Noun

nap (plural napok)

2. day

4. sun (also written Nap in astronomical context)

5. (attributive) solar

Usage notes

(day):

(sun): Some astronomical and geographical terms have both a lowercase (common noun) and a capitalized (proper noun) form. For föld (“ground, soil; Earth”)??Föld (“Earth”), hold (“moon, satellite; Moon”)??Hold (“our Moon”), and nap (“day; sun; Sun”)??Nap (“our Sun”), the lowercase forms are used in the everyday sense and the capitalized forms in the astronomical sense. In other similar pairs, the former refers to generic sense, and the latter specifies the best known referent: egyenlít? (“equator”)??Egyenlít? (“Equator”), naprendszer (“solar system”)??Naprendszer (“Solar System”), and tejút (“galaxy”, literally “milky way”, but galaxis and galaktika are more common)??Tejút (“Milky Way”).^[1][2][3]

Declension

Derived terms

References

Further reading

• nap in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English hnæpp, from Proto-Germanic *hnappaz.

Alternative forms

• nep, nappe, neppe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nap/

Noun

nap (plural nappes)

2. A bowl for one's beverages; a chalice.

Descendants

• English: nap (now dialectal)
• Scots: nap

References

• “nap, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-30.

Etymology 2

A back-formation from nappen.

Alternative forms

• nappe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nap/

Noun

nap

2. A nap or doze; a short sleep.

Descendants

• English: nap
• Scots: nap
• Yola: nappe

References

• “nap, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-30.

Etymology 3

Verb

nap

1. Alternative form of nappen

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan nap, from Latin n?pus.

Noun

nap m (plural naps)

1. turnip (Brassica rapa)

Derived terms

• nap del diable

References

• Arve Cassignac, L'Occitan de Comunicason, 2019

Romanian

Etymology

From Latin n?pus.

Noun

nap m (plural napi)

1. turnip or swede (Brassica napus)
2. carrot

Declension

See also

• navet?
• rapi??
• sfecl?

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??e?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n

Etymology 1

From Middle English greyn, grayn, grein, from Old French grain, grein, from Latin gr?num (“seed”), from Proto-Indo-European *?r?h?nóm (“grain”). Compare English corn. Doublet of gram.

Noun

grain (countable and uncountable, plural grains)

1. (uncountable) The harvested seeds of various grass food crops eg: wheat, corn, barley.

2. (uncountable) Similar seeds from any food crop, e.g., buckwheat, amaranth, quinoa.
3. (countable) A single seed of grass food crops.

4. (countable, uncountable) The crops from which grain is harvested.

5. (uncountable) A linear texture of a material or surface.

6. (countable) A single particle of a substance.

7. (countable) A very small unit of weight, in England equal to ¹?₄₈₀ of an ounce troy, 0.0648 grams or, to be more exact, 64.79891 milligrams (0.002285714 avoirdupois ounce). A carat grain or pearl grain is ¹?₄ carat or 50 milligrams. The old French grain was ¹?₉₂₁₆ livre or 53.11 milligrams, and in the mesures usuelles permitted from 1812 to 1839, with the livre redefined as 500 grams, it was 54.25 milligrams.
8. (countable) A former unit of gold purity, also known as carat grain, equal to ¹?₄ "carat" (karat).
9. (materials) A region within a material having a single crystal structure or direction.
10. A reddish dye made from the coccus insect, or kermes; hence, a red color of any tint or hue, as crimson, scarlet, etc.; sometimes used by the poets as equivalent to Tyrian purple.
    • a. 1825, Quoted by Coleridge, preface to Aids to Reflection:

      […] doing as the dyers do, who, having first dipped their silks in colours of less value, then give them the last tincture of crimson in grain.

11. The hair side of a piece of leather, or the marking on that side.

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

12. (in the plural) The remains of grain, etc., after brewing or distillation; hence, any residuum. Also called draff.
13. (botany) A rounded prominence on the back of a sepal, as in the common dock.
14. Temper; natural disposition; inclination.
    • 1630, John Hayward, The Life and Raigne of King Edward VI

      brothers […] not united in grain

15. (photography, videography) Visual texture in processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons.

Derived terms

• against the grain
• grain of salt
• grainy

Related terms

Translations

See also

• cereal
• Appendix:Grains – translation tables for various grains

Verb

grain (third-person singular simple present grains, present participle graining, simple past and past participle grained)

1. To feed grain to.
2. (transitive) To make granular; to form into grains.
3. (intransitive) To form grains, or to assume a granular form, as the result of crystallization; to granulate.
4. To texture a surface in imitation of the grain of a substance such as wood.
5. (tanning) To remove the hair or fat from a skin.
6. (tanning) To soften leather.
7. To yield fruit.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Gower to this entry?)

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English grayn, from Old Norse grein.

Noun

grain (plural grains)

1. A branch of a tree; a stalk or stem of a plant.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of G. Douglas to this entry?)

2. A tine, prong, or fork.
   1. One of the branches of a valley or river.
   2. An iron fish spear or harpoon, with a number of points half-barbed inwardly.
      • 4 May 1770, Stephen Forwood (gunner on H.M. Bark Endeavour), journal (quoted by Parkin (page 195)

        Served 5 lb of fish per man which was caught by striking with grains

   3. A blade of a sword, knife, etc.
3. (founding) A thin piece of metal, used in a mould to steady a core.

Further reading

• grain in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• grain in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• A ring, Ngari, Nigra, Ragin, Rigan, agrin, nigra, raign, raing

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /????/
• Rhymes: -??

Etymology 1

From Middle French, from Old French grain, grein, from Latin gr?num, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *?r?h?nóm.

Noun

grain m (plural grains)

1. grain
2. (figuratively) a small amount, a bit

Derived terms

• avoir un grain
• grain de beauté
• gros-grain
• mettre son grain de sel
• ramener son grain de sel
• séparer le bon grain de l'ivraie
• veiller au grain

Related terms

• grenier

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

grain m (plural grains)

1. (nautical) squall, thunderstorm

Derived terms

Anagrams

• garni

Further reading

• “grain” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Middle English

Verb

grain

1. Alternative form of greynen

Old French

Alternative forms

• grein

Etymology

From Latin gr?num.

Noun

grain m (oblique plural grainz, nominative singular grainz, nominative plural grain)

1. grain (edible part of a cereal plant)

Related terms

• grenier / guernier

Descendants

• Middle French: grain
  • French: grain
• ? Middle English: greyn, grayn, greyne, grayne, grein, grone
  • English: grain
  • Scots: grain
  • Yola: gryne