different between monophyletic vs paraphyletic

English

mono- +? phyletic

monophyletic (not comparable)

(biology) Of, pertaining to, or affecting a single phylum (or other taxon) of organisms.
(biology) Deriving from a single clade (monophylum).
(biology) Descending from a single ancestral species.
1. Descending from a single ancestral species and containing all descendants of that single ancestor, holophyletic.
2. Descending from a single ancestral species but not containing all descendants of that ancestor, paraphyletic.

From para- (“near”) +? Ancient Greek ????? (phûlon, “tribe, race”) +? -etic.

paraphyletic (not comparable)

(systematics) Of a defined group of taxa, not including all descendants of the most recent common ancestor of all members.

Paraphyletic groups are not clades and are therefore likely to be superseded by systematic taxonomy, though they may be used for convenience for some time, especially if they correspond to an intuitively appealing group. An example is the lay concept of fish, one definition of which includes mammals, such as whales, as well as sharks, sturgeon, and scaled fish, the common ancestor of which is some ancestral vertebrate, from which amphibians and reptiles are also descended.

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