different between mitigate vs console

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin m?tig?tus, from m?tig?, from m?tis (“gentle, mild, ripe”) + ag? (“do, make”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh?i- (“mild, soft”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?m?t.?.?e?t/

Verb

mitigate (third-person singular simple present mitigates, present participle mitigating, simple past and past participle mitigated)

1. (transitive) To reduce, lessen, or decrease; to make less severe or easier to bear.
   • 1795 – George Washington, Seventh State of the Union Address

     Measures are pursuing to prevent or mitigate the usual consequences of such outrages, and with the hope of their succeeding at least to avert general hostility.

   • 1813 – James Madison, Fifth State of the Union Address

     But in yielding to it the retaliation has been mitigated as much as possible, both in its extent and in its character...

   • 1896 – Walter Hadwen, The Case Against Vaccination

     Then they tell us that vaccination will mitigate the disease that it will make it milder.

   • 1901 – H. G. Wells, The First Men in the Moon, ch 7

     Then I discovered the brilliance of the landscape around was mitigated by blue spectacles.

   • 1920 – H. P. Lovecraft, The Cats of Ulthar

     The plague had not been kind to him, yet had left him this small furry thing to mitigate his sorrow; and when one is very young, one can find great relief in the lively antics of a black kitten.

2. (transitive) To downplay.

Usage notes

Particularly used as mitigate a problem or flaw. Contrast with ameliorate (“make better”).

This word is often misused to mean “operate” or “influence”. For this meaning, the correct word is militate, followed by “against” or “in favour of”. Mitigate is never followed by these expressions.

Synonyms

• (to reduce or lessen): alleviate, check, diminish, ease, lighten, mollify, pacify, palliate

Antonyms

• (to reduce or lessen): aggrandize, aggravate, exacerbate, incite, increase, intensify, irritate, worsen

Coordinate terms

• ameliorate

Related terms

• mitigable
• mitigant
• mitigated
• mitigating
• mitigation
• mitigatory

Translations

References

Italian

Verb

mitigate

1. second-person plural present indicative of mitigare
2. second-person plural imperative of mitigare
3. feminine plural of mitigato

Latin

Participle

m?tig?te

1. vocative masculine singular of m?tig?tus

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French console (“a bracket”), from consoler (“to console, to comfort”), as in verb.

Sense of “bracket” either due to a bracket alleviating the load, or due to brackets being decorated with the Christian figure of a consoler, itself perhaps a pun on the first sense (alleviating load).

Originally used for the bracket itself, then for wall-mounted tables (mounted with a bracket), then for free-standing tables placed against a wall. Use for control system dates at least to 1880s for an “organ console”; use for electrical or electronic control systems dates at least to 1930s in radio, television, and system control, particularly as “mixer console” or “control console”, attached to an equipment rack. This was popularized in computers by mainframes such as the IBM 704 (1954) in terms such as “operator’s console” or “console typewriter”, and then generalized to any attached equipment, particularly for user interaction. The automotive sense harks back to earlier use as “support”.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?k?n.s??l/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?k?n.so?l/

Noun

console (plural consoles)

1. A stand-alone cabinet designed to stand on the floor; especially, one that houses home entertainment equipment, such as a TV or stereo system.
2. A cabinet that controls, instruments, and displays are mounted upon.
3. An instrument with displays and an input device that is used to monitor and control an electronic system.
   1. The keyboard and screen of a computer or other electronic device.
   2. (video games) A device dedicated to playing video games, set apart from arcade cabinets by its ability to change games.
4. (automotive) A storage tray or container mounted between the seats of an automobile.
5. (architecture) An ornamental member jutting out of a wall to carry a superincumbent weight.

Derived terms

• console steel guitar
• console table

Translations

See also

• corbel

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French consoler, from Latin c?ns?lor (“I console, I offer solace”), root from Proto-Indo-European *s?lh?- (“mercy, comfort”) (whence also solace).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: k?ns?l?, IPA^(key): /k?n?s??l/
• (US) enPR: k?ns?l?, IPA^(key): /k?n?so?l/
• Rhymes: -??l

Verb

console (third-person singular simple present consoles, present participle consoling, simple past and past participle consoled)

1. (transitive) To comfort (someone) in a time of grief, disappointment, etc.
   • P. Henry

     I am much consoled by the reflection that the religion of Christ has been attacked in vain by all the wits and philosophers, and its triumph has been complete.

   • 1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part III Chapter X, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling

     "Do you remember, my friend, that I went to Tostes once when you had just lost your first deceased? I consoled you at that time. I thought of something to say then, but now—" Then, with a loud groan that shook his whole chest, "Ah! this is the end for me, do you see! I saw my wife go, then my son, and now to-day it's my daughter."

Synonyms

• comfort, solace

Derived terms

• consolable
• consolation
• consolatory
• consoler
• consoling
• consolingly

Related terms

• solace

Translations

References

Anagrams

• colones, coolens

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French console.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?n?zo?l/, (rare) /?k?n.zo?l/
• Hyphenation: con?so?le
• Rhymes: -o?l

Noun

console m (plural consoles)

1. (architecture) A projection from a wall supporting a superincumbent weight.
2. A console (electronic control instrument with displays and an input device).
3. (gaming) A video game console, a console, especially a non-portable one. [from ca. 1990s]

   Synonym: spelcomputer

Usage notes

• Usually pronounced with stress on the last syllable in line with the convention for borrowings from French, corresponding to the stress placement on the English verb. Pronunciation using the stress of the English noun is rather rare.
• (video game console):
  • Mostly used by avid gamers and former gamers. Non-gamers tend to use the synonym spelcomputer instead and may find console pretentious or incorrect. This distinction in term usage seems to date to the mid/late nineties or early aughties.
  • Typically used for non-portable video game consoles, but may occasionally be applied to handhelds.

French

Etymology

Probably a shortened from consolateur, denoting the same architectural element, ultimately from consoler (“to console, to comfort”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k??.s?l/

Noun

console f (plural consoles)

1. (architecture) a projection or spur on a wall, generally in the form of an "S", supporting a cornice, balcony etc.
2. (carpentry) projecting piece of timber in the form of a cantilever arm
3. (by analogy) piece of furniture abutted against a wall, serving as adornment and for the presentation of other fitments (such as pieces in bronze, clocks, vases etc.)
4. (music) upper part of the harp holding the chords, or the controlling interface of a pipe organ
5. (by ellipsis) video game console, electronic gadget serving in order to play video games

   Synonym: console de jeux

6. (electronics) physical interface allowing the control of an electronic system
7. (informatics) programmed interface of a system

Descendants

• ? Polish: konsola

Verb

console

1. first-person singular present indicative of consoler
2. third-person singular present indicative of consoler
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of consoler
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of consoler
5. second-person singular imperative of consoler

Further reading

• “console” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Etymology 1

From Latin c?nsulem, accusative form of c?nsul.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k?n.so.le/
• Hyphenation: còn?so?le

Noun

console m (plural consoli)

1. consul

Related terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English console.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kon?s?l/
• Hyphenation: con?sò?le

Noun

console f (invariable)

1. console, specifically:
   1. A stand-alone cabinet designed to stand on the floor; especially, one that houses home entertainment equipment.
   2. (video games) A device dedicated to playing video games.

Norman

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

console f (plural consoles)

1. (Jersey) Russian comfrey Symphytum × uplandicum

Portuguese

Etymology

From English console

Noun

console m (plural consoles)

1. console (device dedicated to playing video games)

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:console.

Verb

console

1. first-person singular present subjunctive of consolar
2. third-person singular present subjunctive of consolar
3. third-person singular imperative of consolar

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:consolar.