different between mildew vs rust

English

Etymology

From Middle English mildewe, from Old English meled?aw, mild?aw, from Proto-West Germanic *milidauw, from *mili (“honey”) +? *dauw (“dew”). Compare West Frisian moaldau, Dutch meeldauw, German Mehltau. More at dew.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?m?l.dju?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?m?l.d(j)u/

Noun

mildew (uncountable)

1. (phytopathology) A growth of minute powdery or webby fungi, whitish or of different colors, found on various diseased or decaying substances.

Descendants

• ? French: mildiou
• ? Portuguese: míldio

Translations

Verb

mildew (third-person singular simple present mildews, present participle mildewing, simple past and past participle mildewed)

1. (transitive) To taint with mildew.
   • 1605, The Tragedy of King Lear, William Shakespeare, act 3 scene 4

     He […] mildews the white wheat.

2. (intransitive) To become tainted with mildew.
   • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick, chapter 3

     His bald purplish head now looked for all the world like a mildewed skull.

Translations

See also

• mould, mold

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: r?st, IPA^(key): /??st/
• Rhymes: -?st

Etymology 1

From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, r?st (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rud?so- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?rewd?- (“red”).

Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”). Related to red.

Noun

rust (countable and uncountable, plural rusts)

1. The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation.

   The rust on my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.

2. A similar substance based on another metal (usually with qualification, such as "copper rust").

   aerugo. Green or blue-green copper rust; verdigris. (American Heritage Dictionary, 1973)

3. A reddish-brown color.

4. A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus.
5. (philately) Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English rusten, from the noun (see above).

Verb

rust (third-person singular simple present rusts, present participle rusting, simple past and past participle rusted)

1. (intransitive) To oxidize, especially of iron or steel.

   The patio furniture had rusted in the wind-driven spray.

2. (transitive) To cause to oxidize.

   The wind-driven spray had thoroughly rusted the patio furniture.

3. (intransitive) To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust.
4. (transitive, intransitive, figuratively) To (cause to) degenerate in idleness; to make or become dull or impaired by inaction.
   • 1692, John Dryden, Cleomenes, the Spartan Hero, a Tragedy

     Must I rust in Egypt? never more / Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?

Synonyms

• oxidise / oxidize
• corrode

Translations

See also

Anagrams

• RTUs, UTRs, ruts, stur, turs

Danish

Etymology

From Old Swedish rost (“rust”), from Old Norse *rustr, possibly borrowed from Old Saxon rost, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rost/, [??sd?]

Noun

rust c (singular definite rusten, not used in plural form)

1. rust
2. corrosion

Verb

rust

1. imperative of ruste

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?st/
• Hyphenation: rust
• Rhymes: -?st

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ruste, from Old Dutch *rusta, from Proto-Germanic *rustij?. Cognate with German Low German Rüst (“rest”).

Noun

rust f (plural rusten)

1. rest, calm, peace

2. (sports) half-time

Derived terms

• rusteloos
• rustig

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

rust

1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of rusten
2. imperative of rusten

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

rust m or f (definite singular rusta or rusten) (uncountable)

1. rust (oxidation of iron and steel)
2. rust (disease affecting plants)

Derived terms

• rustrød

Verb

rust

1. imperative of ruste

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?st/

Noun

rust f (definite singular rusta) (uncountable)

1. rust (oxidation, as above)
2. rust (plant disease)

Verb

rust

1. imperative of rusta and ruste

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r??st/

Verb

rust

1. past participle of rusa

References

• “rust” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.