different between meritocracy vs democracy
meritocracy
English
Etymology
merit +? -o- +? -cracy, coined in 1958 by Michael Young in his book Rise of the Meritocracy.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /m????t?k??si/
- (US) IPA(key): /m????t?k??si/
Noun
meritocracy (countable and uncountable, plural meritocracies)
- Rule by merit, and talent.
- A type of society where wealth, income, and social status are assigned through competition.
Usage notes
Though widely used as a term of praise, the term was originally coined as a satire, and a critique of awarding educational achievement.
Derived terms
- meritocrat
- meritocratic
Translations
References
meritocracy From the web:
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- what's meritocracy in spanish
- meritocracy what does it mean
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- what does meritocracy mean in sociology
democracy
English
Etymology
From Middle French democratie (French démocratie), from Medieval Latin democratia, from Ancient Greek ?????????? (d?mokratía).
Surface analysis: demo- (“people”) +? -cracy (“rule”)
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /d??m?k??si/
- (US) IPA(key): /d??m?k??si/
Noun
democracy (countable and uncountable, plural democracies)
- (uncountable) Rule by the people, especially as a form of government; either directly or through elected representatives (representative democracy).
- 1866, J. Arthur Partridge, On Democracy, Trübner & Co., page 2:
- And the essential value and power of Democracy consists in this,—that it combines, as far as possible, power and organization ; THE SPIRIT, MANHOOD, is at one with THE BODY, ORGANIZATION. [....] Democracy is Government by the People.
- 1901, The American Historical Review, American Historical Association, page 260:
- The period, that is, which marks the transition from absolutism or aristocracy to democracy will mark also the transition from absolutist or autocratic methods of nomination to democratic methods.
- 1921, James Bryce Bryce, Modern Democracies, The Macmillan Company, page 1:
- A century ago there was in the Old World only one tiny spot in which the working of democracy could be studied. A few of the ancient rural cantons of Switzerland had recovered their freedom after the fall of Napoleon, and were governing themselves as they had done from the earlier Middle Ages[...]. Nowhere else in Europe did the people rule.
- 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 24:
- Everyone who wanted to speak did so. It was democracy in its purest form.
- 1866, J. Arthur Partridge, On Democracy, Trübner & Co., page 2:
- (countable, government) A government under the direct or representative rule of the people of its jurisdiction.
- 1947, Edwin L. James, "General Marshall Raises the Ideological Issue", The New York Times, March 16, 1947:
- Of course, the Russians think it is something else because they say the Russians have a democracy and it is plain that their government is not what the Americans regard as a democracy.
- 2003, Fareed Zakaria, The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad, W. W. Norton & Company, page 13:
- In 1900 not a single country had what we would today consider a democracy: a government created by elections in which every adult citizen could vote.
- 1947, Edwin L. James, "General Marshall Raises the Ideological Issue", The New York Times, March 16, 1947:
- (countable) A state with a democratic system of government.
- 2018, Yascha Mounk, “America Is Not a Democracy”, The Atlantic, March 2018:
- The United States was founded as a republic, not a democracy.
- 2002, Victor G. Hilliard, "The Role of Human Resource Development in South African Public Service Reform", in: Administrative Reform in Developing Nations, Praeger, page 179:
- After almost four decades of authoritarian rule, South Africa became a democracy in April 1994.
- 2018, Yascha Mounk, “America Is Not a Democracy”, The Atlantic, March 2018:
- (uncountable) Belief in political freedom and equality; the "spirit of democracy".
- 1918, Charles Horton Cooley, “A Primary Culture for Democracy”, in Publications of the American Sociological Society 13, p8
- As states of the human spirit democracy, righteousness, and faith have much in common and may be cultivated by the same means...
- 1919, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, The Spirit of Russia: Studies in History, Literature and Philosophy, Macmillan, p446
- It must further be admitted that he provided a successful interpretation of democracy in its philosophic aspects when he conceived democracy as a general outlook on the universe... In Bakunin's conception of democracy as religious in character we trace the influence of French socialism.
- 1918, Charles Horton Cooley, “A Primary Culture for Democracy”, in Publications of the American Sociological Society 13, p8
Synonyms
- democratism (the principles or spirit of a democracy)
Coordinate terms
- (a form of government): monarchy, aristocracy, dictatorship
Derived terms
- arsenal of democracy
- superdemocracy
Related terms
- democrat
- democratic
Translations
References
- democracy at OneLook Dictionary Search
- democracy in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- "democracy" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 93.
- democracy in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
democracy From the web:
- what democracy is the us
- what democracy means
- what democracy does the us have
- what democracy is and is not
- what democracy did athens have
- what democracy is russia
- what democracy means to me
- what democracy does the united states have
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