different between mature vs harden

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /m??tj??/, /m??t???/, /m??t???/
• (US) IPA^(key): /m??t??(?)?/, /m??t??/, /m??t(j)???/
• Rhymes: -??(?), -??(?), -??(?)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle French mature, from Latin m?t?rus. Doublet of maduro. Partially displaced ripe, from Old English r?pe (“ripe, mature”).

Adjective

mature (comparative maturer or more mature, superlative maturest or most mature)

1. Fully developed; grown up in terms of physical appearance, behaviour or thinking; ripe.

2. Brought to a state of complete readiness.

3. Profound; careful.

4. (medicine, obsolete) Come to, or in a state of, completed suppuration.
5. (television, film) Suitable for adults only, due to sexual themes, violence, etc.

Synonyms

• (grown up in terms of physical appearance): adult, grown; see also Thesaurus:full-grown
• (grown up in terms of behaviour or thinking): adultish, grown up; see also Thesaurus:mature
• (suitable for adults only): adult; see also Thesaurus:for adults

Antonyms

• (grown up): childish, immature
• (profound): superficial

Derived terms

• maturation
• maturely
• matureness
• maturity
• sexually mature

Translations

Etymology 2

From French maturer (“to mature”), from Latin m?t?r?.

Verb

mature (third-person singular simple present matures, present participle maturing, simple past and past participle matured)

1. (intransitive) To proceed toward maturity: full development or completion (either of concrete or of abstract things, e.g. plans, judgments, qualities).

   Synonyms: develop, grow, progress, ripen

2. (intransitive, of food, especially fruit) To attain maturity, to become mature or ripe.

   Synonyms: ripen, ripen up

3. (transitive) To bring (something) to maturity, full development, or completion.
4. (transitive) To make (something, e.g. fruit) ripe or mature.

   Synonym: ripen

5. (intransitive, of a person) To proceed toward or become mature or full-grown, either physically or psychologically; to gain experience or wisdom with age.

   Synonyms: age, develop, grow up; see also Thesaurus:to age

6. (transitive) To make (someone) mature.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:make older

7. (intransitive, finance) To reach the date when payment is due.

Synonyms

• maturate

Derived terms

• maturable
• mature up

Translations

Anagrams

• tamure

French

Etymology

From Middle French mature, borrowed from Latin m?t?rus. Doublet of mûr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.ty?/
• Homophones: maturent, matures

Adjective

mature (plural matures)

1. (of a person) mature

Verb

mature

1. first-person singular present indicative of maturer
2. third-person singular present indicative of maturer
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of maturer
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of maturer
5. second-person singular imperative of maturer

Further reading

• “mature” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ure

Adjective

mature f pl

1. feminine plural of maturo

Anagrams

• murate
• mutare
• muterà

Latin

Adjective

m?t?re

1. vocative masculine singular of m?t?rus

References

• mature in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mature in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• mature in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

Middle English

Noun

mature

1. Alternative form of matere

Portuguese

Verb

mature

1. first-person singular present subjunctive of maturar
2. third-person singular present subjunctive of maturar
3. third-person singular imperative of maturar

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?h??dn?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?h??dn?/
• Rhymes: -??(?)d?n
• Hyphenation: hard?en

Etymology 1

From Middle English hardenen, equivalent to hard +? -en. Cognate with Danish hærdne (“to harden; cure”), Swedish hårdna (“to harden”), Norwegian herdne (“to harden”), Icelandic harðna (“to harden”).

Verb

harden (third-person singular simple present hardens, present participle hardening, simple past and past participle hardened)

1. (intransitive) To become hard (tough, resistant to pressure).
2. (transitive, ergative) To make something hard or harder (tough, resistant to pressure).
3. (transitive, figuratively) To strengthen.
   • 2002, Jane's International Defense Review (volume 35)

     In view of the system's relatively low cost, the preferred alternative could be for the military user to avail himself of multiple base stations rather than seeking to harden the base station hardware for defense applications.
4. (transitive, computing) To modify (a website or other system) to make it resistant to malicious attacks.
5. (transitive, intransitive, dated) To become or make (a person or thing) resistant or less sensitive.

   Synonym: inure

   • KJV, Exodus 4:21

     When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.

6. (transitive, intransitive, phonology) To become or make (a consonant) more fortis.

Derived terms

• forharden
• hardened
• hardener
• hardening
• harden off
• harden someone's heart
• harden up
• overharden

Translations

Etymology 2

Noun

harden (countable and uncountable, plural hardens)

1. Alternative form of hurden (“coarse linen”)

Anagrams

• Harned, Hendra, hander

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?rd?n

Verb

harden

1. (transitive) To render hard(er), more resistant etc.; to temper metal; to steel nerves

   De geharde veteranen verbeten de pijn zonder jammeren.

   The hardened veterans bore the pain without whining.

2. (transitive) to endure, bear, stand, tolerate

Inflection

Synonyms

• (to endure) uithouden, verdragen

Noun

harden

1. Plural form of harde