different between matrix vs die

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French matrice (“pregnant animal”), or from Latin m?tr?x (“dam, womb”), from m?ter (“mother”).

Pronunciation

• 1: enPR: m??tr?ks; IPA^(key): /?me?t??ks/
• 2: enPR: m??tr?ks; IPA^(key): /?mæt??ks/

Noun

matrix (plural matrices or matrixes)

1. (now rare) The womb.
   • 1646, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, III.17:

     upon conception the inward orifice of the matrix exactly closeth, so that it commonly admitteth nothing after [...].

   • 1969, Vladimir Nabokov, Ada or Ardor, Penguin 2011, p. 296:

     In very rare cases, when the matrix just goes on pegging away automatically, the doctor can take advantage of that and ease out the second brat who then can be considered to be, say, three minutes younger [...].

2. (biology) The material or tissue in which more specialized structures are embedded.
3. (biology) An extracellular matrix, the material or tissue between the cells of animals or plants.
4. (biology) Part of the mitochondrion.
5. (biology) The medium in which bacteria are cultured.
6. (mathematics) A rectangular arrangement of numbers or terms having various uses such as transforming coordinates in geometry, solving systems of linear equations in linear algebra and representing graphs in graph theory.
   • 1987 [1985], Roger A. Horn, Charles R. Johnson, Matrix Analysis, Cambridge University Press, 1990, Paperback Edition, page 464,

     Theorem (7.5.2) then says that every positive semidefinite matrix is a convex combination of matrices that lie on extreme rays.

   • 2003, Robert A. Liebler, Basic Matrix Algebra with Algorithms and Applications, CRC Press (Chapman & Hall/CRC), page 64,

     Check that the ${\displaystyle {\mathcal {A}}({\mathcal {D}})^{2}}$ in the example is itself the adjacency matrix of the indicated digraph:

   • 2007, Gerhard Kloos, Matrix Methods for Optical Layout, SPIE Press, page 25,

     The matrix describing the reflection at a plane mirror can be obtained by taking the matrix for reflection at a spherical reflector and letting the radius of the spherical mirror tend to infinity.

7. (computing) A two-dimensional array.
8. (electronics) A grid-like arrangement of electronic components, especially one intended for information coding, decoding or storage.
9. A table of data.
10. (geology) A geological matrix.
11. (archaeology and paleontology) The sediment surrounding and including the artifacts, features, and other materials at a site.
12. (analytical chemistry) The environment from which a given sample is taken.
13. (printing, historical) In hot metal typesetting, a mold for casting a letter.
14. (printing, historical) In printmaking, the plate or block used, with ink, to hold the image that makes up the print.

    Synonym: printing form

15. The cavity or mold in which anything is formed.
16. (dyeing) The five simple colours (black, white, blue, red, and yellow) from which all the others are formed.
17. (material science) A binding agent of composite materials, e.g. resin in fibreglass.

Synonyms

• (mathematics): array, table
• (table of data): array, grid, spreadsheet, table
• (computing): array

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Czech

Etymology

Latin matrix

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?matr?ks]

Noun

matrix m

1. (biology) matrix

Related terms

• See mater

Further reading

• matrix in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz

Danish

Noun

matrix

1. (mathematics) matrix

Declension

Dutch

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin m?tr?x. Cognate with matrijs. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma?tr?ks/
• Hyphenation: ma?trix

Noun

matrix f (plural matrices or matrixen, diminutive matrixje n)

1. (mathematics) matrix (type of array)

Derived terms

• eenheidsmatrix
• identiteitsmatrix

Latin

Etymology

From m?ter (“mother”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ma?.tri?ks/, [?mä?t??i?ks?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ma.triks/, [?m??t??iks]

Noun

m?tr?x f (genitive m?tr?cis); third declension

1. uterus, womb
2. dam (non-human female animal kept for breeding)
3. source, origin
4. list, register

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Derived terms

• m?tr?c?lis
• m?tr?cula

Related terms

see m?ter

Descendants

References

• matrix in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• matrix in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• matrix in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

Portuguese

Noun

matrix f (uncountable)

1. Matrix
   1. fictional machine system
   2. any illusory system

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: d?, IPA^(key): /da?/
• Rhymes: -a?
• Homophones: dye, Di, Dai, daye

Etymology 1

From Middle English deyen, from Old English d?e?an and Old Norse deyja, both from Proto-Germanic *dawjan? (“to die”). Displaced Old English sweltan.

Verb

die (third-person singular simple present dies, present participle dying, simple past and past participle died)

1. (intransitive) To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death.
   1. followed by of; general use:
      • 1839, Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist, Penguin 1985, page 87:

        "What did she die of, Work'us?" said Noah. "Of a broken heart, some of our old nurses told me," replied Oliver.

      • 2000, Stephen King, On Writing, Pocket Books 2002, page 85:

        In 1971 or 72, Mom's sister Carolyn Weimer died of breast cancer.

   2. followed by from; general use, though somewhat more common in the context of medicine or the sciences:
      • 1865, British Medical Journal, 4 Mar 1865, page 213:

        She lived several weeks; but afterwards she died from epilepsy, to which malady she had been previously subject.

      • 2007, Frank Herbert & Kevin J. Anderson, Sandworms of Dune, Tor 2007, page 191:

        "Or all of them will die from the plague. Even if most of the candidates succumb. . ."

   3. followed by for; often expressing wider contextual motivations, though sometimes indicating direct causes:
      • 1961, Joseph Heller, Catch-22, Simon & Schuster 1999, page 232:

        Englishmen are dying for England, Americans are dying for America, Germans are dying for Germany, Russians are dying for Russia. There are now fifty or sixty countries fighting in this war.

      • 2003, Tara Herivel & Paul Wright (editors), Prison Nation, Routledge 2003, page 187:

        Less than three days later, Johnson lapsed into a coma in his jail cell and died for lack of insulin.

   4. (now rare) followed by with as an indication of direct cause:
      • 1600, William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act III, Scene I:

        Therefore let Benedicke like covered fire, / Consume away in sighes, waste inwardly: / It were a better death, to die with mockes, / Which is as bad as die with tickling.

      • 1830, Joseph Smith, The Book of Mormon, Richards 1854, page 337:

        And there were some who died with fevers, which at some seasons of the year was very frequent in the land.

   5. (uncommon, nonstandard outside video games) followed by to as an indication of direct cause (like from):
      • 2014, S. J. Groves, The Darker Side to Dr Carter, page 437:

        Dr Thomas concluded she had died to a blow to the head, which led to a bleed on the brain, probably a fall and had hit her head hard on the wooden bedpost, as there was blood on the bedpost.

   6. (still current) followed by with as an indication of manner:

2. (transitive) To (stop living and) undergo (a specified death).
   • 2019, Lou Marinoff, On Human Conflict: The Philosophical Foundations of War and Peace, Rowman & Littlefield (?ISBN), page 452:

     […] he chose instead to suffer even greater personal pain, with unimaginable fortitude and resolve, albeit for a shorter time. Thus he died a small death, in order to benefit the living. Similarly, a small and voluntary death was died by Socrates.

3. (intransitive, figuratively) To yearn intensely.
   • 1598, Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act III, Scene II:

     Yes, and his ill conditions; and in despite of all, dies for him.

   • 2004 Paul Joseph Draus, Consumed in the city: observing tuberculosis at century's end - Page 168

     I could see that he was dying, dying for a cigarette, dying for a fix maybe, dying for a little bit of freedom, but trapped in a hospital bed and a sick body.

4. (rare, intransitive) To be or become hated or utterly ignored or cut off, as if dead.
   • 2015, Emily Duvall, Inclusions, page 150:

     "My dad […] beat us until we couldn't sit down." […] "What about your mother?" […] "She's alive. […] My aunt visits her once a year, but I don't ask about my mother. She died to me the day she chose my father over protecting us." Luke's voice hitched with emotion.

   • 2017, Mike Hoornstra, Descent into the Maelstrom, page 366:

     "You haven't been my son since you were ten years old. That boy died to me the day he ran away. I don't know you. You are merely a shell that resembles someone I used to know, but you are dead to me. You are the bringer of pain and death. Leave me be. Leave me with my son, Jyosh." "Mother..." Barlun pleaded.

5. (intransitive, figuratively) To become spiritually dead; to lose hope.

6. (intransitive, colloquial, hyperbolic) To be mortified or shocked by a situation.

7. (figuratively, intransitive, hyperbolic) To be so overcome with emotion or laughter as to be incapacitated.
   • 1976, an anchorman on Channel Five in California, quoted in Journal and Newsletter [of the] California Classical Association, Northern Section:

     I literally died when I saw that.

8. (intransitive, of a machine) To stop working, to break down.

9. (intransitive, of a computer program) To abort, to terminate (as an error condition).
10. (intransitive, of a legislative bill or resolution) To expire at the end of the session of a legislature without having been brought to a vote.

11. To perish; to cease to exist; to become lost or extinct.

    • letting the secret die within his own breast

    • Great deeds cannot die.

12. To sink; to faint; to pine; to languish, with weakness, discouragement, love, etc.

    • His heart died within him, and he became as a stone.

13. (often with "to") To become indifferent; to cease to be subject.

14. (architecture) To disappear gradually in another surface, as where mouldings are lost in a sloped or curved face.
15. To become vapid, flat, or spiritless, as liquor.
16. (of a stand-up comedian or a joke) To fail to evoke laughter from the audience.

Usage notes

• In Middle and Early Modern English, the phrase is dead was more common where the present perfect form has died is common today. Example:

1611, King James Bible

I do not frustrate the grace of God: for if righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain. (Gal. 2:21)

Synonyms

• (to stop living): bite the dust, bite the big one, buy the farm, check out, cross over, cross the river, expire, succumb, give up the ghost, pass, pass away, pass on, be no more, meet one's maker, be a stiff, push up the daisies, hop off the twig, kick the bucket, shuffle off this mortal coil, join the choir invisible
• See also Thesaurus:die

Derived terms

Related terms

• dead
• death

Translations

See die/translations § Verb.

Etymology 2

From Middle English dee, from Old French de (Modern French dé), from Latin datum, from datus (“given”), the past participle of d? (“to give”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh?- (“to lay out, to spread out”). Doublet of datum.

Noun

die (plural dies)

1. The cubical part of a pedestal; a plinth.
2. A device for cutting into a specified shape.
3. A device used to cut an external screw thread. (Internal screw threads are cut with a tap.)
4. A mold for forming metal or plastic objects.
5. An embossed device used in stamping coins and medals.
6. (electronics) (plural also dice) An oblong chip fractured from a semiconductor wafer engineered to perform as an independent device or integrated circuit.
7. Any small cubical or square body.

   • Some young creatures have learnt their letters and syllables, and the pronouncing and spelling of words, by having them pasted or written upon many little flat tablets or dies.

Noun

die (plural dice)

1. (plural dies nonstandard) An isohedral polyhedron, usually a cube, with numbers or symbols on each side and used in games of chance.
2. (obsolete) That which is, or might be, determined, by a throw of the die; hazard; chance.
3. (electronics) (plural also dies) An oblong chip fractured from a semiconductor wafer engineered to perform as an independent device or integrated circuit.

Usage notes

The game of dice is singular. Thus in "Dice is a game played with dice," the first occurrence is singular, the second occurrence is plural. See also the usage notes under "dice".

Synonyms

• cube of chance
• cube of fortune

Derived terms

• loaded dice
• the die is cast
• tool and die
• d4
• d6
• d8
• d10
• d12
• d20
• d100
• d1000

Translations

See die/translations § Noun.

Etymology 3

Variant spelling.

Noun

die (plural dies)

1. Obsolete spelling of dye

Verb

die (third-person singular simple present dies, present participle dying, simple past and past participle died)

1. Obsolete spelling of dye
   • 1739, John Cay, An abridgment of the publick statutes in force and use from Magna Charta, in the ninth year of King Henry III, to the eleventh year of his present Majesty King George II, inclusive, Drapery, XXVII. Sect. 16:

     Also no dyer shall die any cloth, except he die the cloth and the list with one colour, without tacking any bulrushes or such like thing upon the lists, upon pain to forfeit 40 s. for every cloth. And no person shall put to sale any cloth deceitfully dyed,

Anagrams

• 'Eid, 'eid, -ide, EDI, EID, Eid, IDE, IED, Ide, eid, ide

Afrikaans

Alternative forms

• di (obsolete)

Etymology

From Dutch die, which is used only as a demonstrative in Dutch. The replacement of the article de with stronger die is also common in Surinamese Dutch and among non-native speakers of Dutch.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /di/
• IPA^(key): /?i/ (article only; contracted form, particularly after prepositions and conjunctions)

Article

die (definite)

1. the (definite article)

Pronoun

die

1. this one, these; that one, those; he, she, it, they

   Ek het dokter toe gegaan en die het gesê ek moet in bed bly.

   I went to the doctor and he / she said I had to stay in bed.

Usage notes

• The corresponding determiner (“this/that”, “these/those”) is usually spelt dié in order to distinguish it from the definite article. This spelling is also sometimes used for the pronoun, though this is unnecessary.

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /di??/, [?d?i??]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *d?eh?(y)- (“to suck, suckle”). Cognate with Latin fell?, Sanskrit ???? (dhayati, “to suck”). Compare causative dægge, Gothic ???????????????????????????? (daddjan, “suckle”).

Noun

die c

1. breast milk, mother's milk, when sucked from the breast

Derived terms

• savndiet

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

die (imperative di, infinitive at die, present tense dier, past tense diede, perfect tense har diet)

1. to suck (being nursed)

References

• “die,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “die,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch die, a merger of Old Dutch thie, th?, thia, thiu and similar forms of the demonstrative. As in Old High German ther, der it replaced the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /di/
• Hyphenation: die
• Rhymes: -i

Determiner

die

1. that (masculine, feminine); referring to a thing or a person further away.

   die boom

   that tree

   die vrouw

   that woman

2. those (plural); referring to things or people further away.

   die vensters

   those windows

Inflection

Descendants

• Afrikaans: die

Pronoun

die m or f or pl

1. (relative) who, whom, which, that

   Ik ken geen mensen die dat kunnen.

   I don't know any people who can do that.

   Oh, maar ik ken iemand die dat wel kan!

   Oh, but I know somebody who can!

Usage notes

A preceding comma may alter the meaning of a clause starting with a relative pronoun. Compare the following sentences:

• Alle arbeiders die staken zullen op sancties moeten rekenen.

  All workers who are on strike should expect sanctions.

• Alle arbeiders, die staken, zullen op sancties moeten rekenen.

  All workers, who are on strike, should expect sanctions.

In the first sentence, only the workers on strike are advised to expect sanctions. In the second sentence, the parenthetical phrase indicates that all the workers are on strike, and should all expect sanctions.

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /di?/ (stressed)
• IPA^(key): /d?/ (unstressed)
• Rhymes: -i?

Article

die (definite)

1. inflection of der:
   1. nominative/accusative singular feminine
   2. nominative/accusative plural

Declension

Pronoun

die (relative or demonstrative)

1. inflection of der:
   1. nominative/accusative singular feminine
   2. nominative/accusative plural
      1. (in a subordinate clause as a relative pronoun) that; which; who; whom; whose

      2. (as a demonstrative pronoun) this one; that one; these ones; those ones; she; her; it; they; them

Usage notes

In a subordinate clause, die indicates a person or thing referenced in the main clause. It is used with plural or feminine singular antecedents.

Declension

Anagrams

• Eid

Hunsrik

Alternative forms

• ti (Wiesemann spelling system)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti(?)/

Article

die (definite)

1. inflection of där:
   1. nominative/accusative singular feminine
   2. nominative/accusative plural all genders

Declension

Further reading

• Online Hunsrik Dictionary

Interlingua

Noun

die (plural dies)

1. A day.

Derived terms

• De die in die (“From day to day”)
• Un die (“One day, sometime”)
• Le die sequente (“The next day, the following day”)

Italian

Etymology

From Latin di?s, back-formed from the accusative diem (whose vowel was once long), from Proto-Italic *dj?m, the accusative of *djous, from Proto-Indo-European *dyew- (“heaven, sky; to shine”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?di.e/
• Hyphenation: dì?e

Noun

die m (invariable)

1. Obsolete form of dì.

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?di.e?/, [?d?ie?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?di.e/, [?d?i??]

Noun

di?

1. ablative singular of di?s ("day").

   Sine die.

   Without a day.

Mandarin

Romanization

die

1. Nonstandard spelling of di?.
2. Nonstandard spelling of dié.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Middle Dutch

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch thie, thia, from Proto-Germanic *sa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /di?/, /di/

Article

die

1. the; definite article.

Inflection

This article needs an inflection-table template.

• Alternative nominative: de
• Neuter nominative: dat
• des; der; den

Descendants

• Dutch: de
• Limburgish: d'r, de

Determiner

die

1. that, those
2. who, which, that

Inflection

This determiner needs an inflection-table template.

• Neuter nominative: dat
• dies; dien; diere, dier

Descendants

• Dutch: die, dat
• Limburgish: dae

Further reading

• “die (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “die (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page I

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch th?o, from Proto-Germanic *þeuh?.

Noun

dië f or n

1. thigh

Descendants

• Dutch: dij
• Limburgish: die, diech

Further reading

• “die (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “die (IV)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page IV

Mirandese

Etymology

From Latin di?s.

Noun

die m (plural dies)

1. day

Antonyms

• nuite

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Probably from Danish die, from Old Danish di, from Germanic *dijana-, *dejana-

Verb

die (imperative di, present tense dier, passive dies, simple past and past participle dia or diet, present participle diende)

1. to suck, suckle (of a baby on the breast)
2. to breastfeed, nurse (of a mother with her baby)

References

• “die” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “die_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Probably from Danish die, from Old Danish di, from Germanic *dijana-, *dejana-

Verb

die (present tense diar, past tense dia, past participle dia, passive infinitive diast, present participle diande, imperative di)

1. to suck, suckle (of a baby on the breast)
2. to breastfeed, nurse (of a mother with her baby)

Alternative forms

• dia

References

• “die” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

From Middle High German and Old High German diu, from Proto-Germanic *sa. Compare German die.

Article

die f (definite)

1. the

Declension

Saterland Frisian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /di?/

Etymology 1

From Old Frisian th?, from Proto-Germanic *sa.

Article

die (feminine ju, neuter dät, plural do)

1. the

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronoun

die

1. oblique of du; thee, you

References

• “die” in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch

Yola

Noun

die

1. Alternative form of dei