different between mandarin vs mandarine

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?mæn.d?.??n/
• Hyphenation: man?da?rin

Etymology 1

From Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri, and its source, Sanskrit ????????? (mantrin, “minister, councillor”), from ?????? (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -??? (-in, an agent suffix).

Chinese folk etymology sometimes erroneously claims that the word originates from ??? (M?ndàrén, literally “Manchu important man”).

Noun

mandarin (plural mandarins)

1. (historical) a high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire [from 1580s]
2. a pedantic or elitist bureaucrat
3. (often derogatory) a pedantic senior person of influence in academia or literary circles
   • 1966, "The Beauty of His Malice", Time:

     Its sting preserved to literature a fierce peculiar genius [Waugh] who, in the 40 years before his death last week at 62, achieved recognition as the grand old mandarin of modern British prose and as a satirist whose skill at sticking pens in people rates him a roomy cell in the murderers’ row (Swift, Pope, Wilde, Shaw) of English letters.

4. (ornithology) Ellipsis of mandarin duck
5. (informal, Britain) a senior civil servant

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Irish: mandairín

Translations

Adjective

mandarin (comparative more mandarin, superlative most mandarin)

1. pertaining to or reminiscent of mandarins; deliberately superior or complex; esoteric, highbrow, obscurantist [from 20th c.]
   • 1979, John Le Carré, Smiley's People, Folio Society 2010, p. 58:

     A mandarin impassivity had descended over Smiley's face. The earlier emotion was quite gone.

   • 2007, Marina Warner, ‘Doubly Damned’, London Review of Books 29:3, p. 26:

     Though alert to riddles' strong roots in vernacular narrative, Cook's tastes are mandarin, and she gives a loving account of Wallace Stevens's meditations on the life of poetic images and simile […].

Etymology 2

From French mandarine, feminine of mandarin, probably formed as Etymology 1, above, from the yellow colour of the mandarins' costume.

Noun

mandarin (plural mandarins)

1. Ellipsis of mandarin orange:
   1. a small, sweet citrus fruit
   2. tree of species Citrus reticulata
2. (color) an orange colour

Translations

Further reading

• mandarin on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Mirandan

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish mandarín.

Noun

mandarin

1. mandarin (fruit)

Declension

References

• Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajins?ko-kryms?kotatars?kyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]?^[1], Simferopol: Dolya, ?ISBN

Danish

Etymology

From Portuguese mandarim.

Noun

mandarin c (singular definite mandarinen, plural indefinite mandariner)

1. mandarin (Chinese Imperial bureaucrat)
2. mandarin orange, mandarin (a small, sweet citrus fruit)

Inflection

Noun

mandarin n

1. Mandarin

References

• “mandarin” in Den Danske Ordbog

Faroese

Etymology

From Danish mandarin, from Dutch mandorijn or Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri, from Hindi ??????? (mantri), from Sanskrit ????????? (mantrin, “minister, councillor”), from ?????? (mantra, “counsel, maxim, mantra”) + -??? (-in, “an agent suffix”).

Noun

mandarin f (genitive singular mandarinar, plural mandarinir)

1. mandarin orange, mandarin (a small, sweet citrus fruit)

Declension

Noun

mandarin n (genitive singular mandarins)

1. Mandarin

Declension

See also

• mandarinur

French

Pronunciation

Adjective

mandarin (feminine singular mandarine, masculine plural mandarins, feminine plural mandarines)

1. mandarin (of the former Chinese empire)

Derived terms

• diamant mandarin

Descendants

• ? Breton: mandarin
• ? Greek: ?????????? (mandarínos)

Noun

mandarin m (uncountable)

1. Mandarin (language)

Further reading

• “mandarin” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?m?nd?rin]
• Hyphenation: man?da?rin
• Rhymes: -in

Etymology 1

An internationalism mainly via German, originally from Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri.

Noun

mandarin (countable and uncountable, plural mandarinok)

1. (historical) mandarin
2. Mandarin (language)

Declension

Etymology 2

An internationalism mainly via German, probably formed as Etymology 1, above, from the yellow colour of the mandarins' costume.

Noun

mandarin (plural mandarinok)

1. mandarin, mandarin orange (fruit)

Declension

References

Further reading

• (Chinese government bureaucrat): mandarin in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN
• (mandarin orange): mandarin in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [man?d?ar?n]
• Hyphenation: man?da?rin

Etymology 1

From Portuguese mandarim (“mandarin”), from Malay menteri (“minister”), from Sanskrit ??????? (mantr?, “minister”). Doublet of mantri and menteri.

Noun

mandarin (first-person possessive mandarinku, second-person possessive mandarinmu, third-person possessive mandarinnya)

1. mandarin,
   1. (historical) a high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire [from 1580s].
   2. Mandarin, the language of those official, which is the official language of China and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

From English mandarin (“mandarin orange”), from French mandarine, feminine of mandarin, probably formed as Etymology 1, above, from the yellow colour of the mandarins' costume.

Noun

mandarin (first-person possessive mandarinku, second-person possessive mandarinmu, third-person possessive mandarinnya)

1. mandarin orange

Further reading

• “mandarin” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Sanskrit ????????? (mantrin, “minister, councillor”), Malay menteri, manteri, and Portuguese mandarim.

Noun

mandarin m (definite singular mandarinen, indefinite plural mandariner, definite plural mandarinene)

1. (uncountable) Mandarin (official language in China)
2. a mandarin ((formerly) a Chinese official; (now) a bureaucrat)
3. (fruit) a mandarin or mandarin orange

References

• “mandarin” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Sanskrit ????????? (mantrin, “minister, councillor”), Malay menteri, manteri, and Portuguese mandarim.

Noun

mandarin m (definite singular mandarinen, indefinite plural mandarinar, definite plural mandarinane)

1. (uncountable) Mandarin (official language in China)
2. a mandarin ((formerly) a Chinese official; (now) a bureaucrat)
3. (fruit) a mandarin or mandarin orange

References

• “mandarin” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Romanian

Etymology

From French mandarin.

Noun

mandarin m (plural mandarini)

1. mandarin

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mand?ri?n/
• Hyphenation: man?da?rin

Noun

mandàr?n m (Cyrillic spelling ?????????)

1. mandarin (Chinese Imperial bureaucrat)

Declension

Swedish

Etymology

From Portuguese mandarim.

Noun

mandarin c or n

1. (common) mandarin orange
2. (common, historical) mandarin; a high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire.
3. (uncountable, neuter) Mandarin

Declension

Derived terms

• mandarinsk

English

Noun

mandarine (plural mandarines)

1. Alternative spelling of mandarin (in the term "mandarin orange")

Anagrams

• meandrian, meandrina

French

Etymology

Nominalization of orange mandarine, from Portuguese mandarim.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /m??.da.?in/

Noun

mandarine f (plural mandarines)

1. mandarin orange

Derived terms

• mandarinier

Descendants

In some languages, spelling may be derive from Portuguese mandarim, but meaning from French.

• ? Albanian: mandarinë
• ? Armenian: ???????? (mandarin)
• ? Azerbaijani: mandarin
• ? Basque: mandarina
• ? Belarusian: ???????? (mandaryn)
• ? Bulgarian: ????????? (mandarina)
• ? Catalan: mandarina
• ? Czech: mandarinka (with diminutive suffix -ka)
• ? Dutch: mandarijn
• ? English: mandarin
• ? Estonian: mandariin (or possibly from Portuguese mandarim)
• ? Finnish: mandariini
• ? Galician: mandarina
• ? German: Mandarine
• ? Greek: ????????? (mantaríni)
• ? Kyrgyz: ???????? (mandarin)
• ? Macedonian: ????????? (mandarina)
• ? Low German: Mandarien
• ? Maori: manarini
• ? Norwegian: mandarin
• ? Persian: ????????? (mândârin)
• ? Polish: mandarynka (with diminutive suffix -ka)
• ? Romanian: mandarin?
• ? Russian: ???????? (mandarin)
• ? Serbo-Croatian:
  • Cyrillic: ?????????
  • Latin: mandarina
• ? Slovene: mandarínka (with diminutive suffix -ka)
• ? Spanish: mandarina
• ? Swedish: mandarin
• ? Tajik: ???????? (mandarin)
• ? Turkmen: mandarin
• ? Ukrainian: ???????? (mandaryn)
• ? Uzbek: mandarin
• ? Wolof: màndarin
• ? Yiddish: ??????????? (mandarin)

Further reading

• “mandarine” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Adjective

mandarine

1. feminine plural of mandarino

Noun

mandarine f pl

1. plural of mandarina

Anagrams

• mandriane