different between make vs infer

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /me?k/, [me?k?]
• Rhymes: -e?k

Etymology 1

From Middle English maken, from Old English macian (“to make, build, work”), from Proto-West Germanic *mak?n (“to make, build, work”), from Proto-Indo-European *mag- (“to knead, mix, make”). Cognate with Latin m?cer?, macer, Ancient Greek ????? (máss?), Scots mak (“to make”), Saterland Frisian moakje (“to make”), West Frisian meitsje (“to make”), Dutch maken (“to make”), Dutch Low Saxon maken (“to make”) and German Low German maken (“to make”), and German machen (“to make, do”). Related to match.

Alternative forms

• mak (Wearside, Durham, dialectal)
• makee (pronunciation spelling)
• myek (Tyneside, dialectal)

Verb

make (third-person singular simple present makes, present participle making, simple past and past participle made or (dialectal or obsolete) maked)

1. (transitive) To create.
   1. To build, construct, produce, or originate.

      Synonyms: fabricate; see also Thesaurus:build

      • I made a speaking trumpet of my hands and commenced to whoop “Ahoy!” and “Hello!” at the top of my lungs. […] The Colonel woke up, and, after asking what in brimstone was the matter, opened his mouth and roared “Hi!” and “Hello!” like the bull of Bashan.

      • Yet in “Through a Latte, Darkly”, a new study of how Starbucks has largely avoided paying tax in Britain, Edward Kleinbard […] shows that current tax rules make it easy for all sorts of firms to generate what he calls “stateless income”: […]. In Starbucks’s case, the firm has in effect turned the process of making an expensive cup of coffee into intellectual property.

   2. To write or compose.

   3. To bring about; to effect or produce by means of some action.

   4. (religious) To create (the universe), especially (in Christianity) from nothing.

2. (intransitive, now mostly colloquial) To behave, to act.

3. (intransitive) To tend; to contribute; to have effect; with for or against.
   • 1873, Matthew Arnold, Literature and Dogma

     And all Israel's language about this power , except that it makes for righteousness , is approximate language

   • Follow after the things which make for peace.
4. To constitute.
   • 2014, A teacher, "Choosing a primary school: a teacher's guide for parents", The Guardian, 23 September:

     So if your prospective school is proudly displaying that "We Are Outstanding" banner on its perimeter fence, well, that is wonderful … but do bear in mind that in all likelihood it has been awarded for results in those two subjects, rather than for its delivery of a broad and balanced curriculum which brings out the best in every child. Which is, of course, what makes a great primary school.

   • 1995, Harriette Simpson Arnow: Critical Essays on Her Work, p.46:

     Style alone does not make a writer.

   • We made an odd party before the arrival of the Ten, particularly when the Celebrity dropped in for lunch or dinner. He could not be induced to remain permanently at Mohair because Miss Trevor was at Asquith, but he appropriated a Hempstead?cart from the Mohair stables and made the trip sometimes twice in a day.

5. (transitive) To add up to, have a sum of.

6. (transitive, construed with of, typically interrogative) To interpret.

   They couldn't make anything of the inscription.

7. (transitive, usually stressed) To bring into success.

   • who makes or ruins with a smile or frown
8. (ditransitive, second object is an adjective or participle) To cause to be.

   Synonym: render
9. To cause to appear to be; to represent as.
   • 1709-1710, Thomas Baker, Reflections on Learning

     He is not that goose and Ass that Valla would make him.

   • So this was my future home, I thought! Certainly it made a brave picture. I had seen similar ones fired-in on many a Heidelberg stein. Backed by towering hills, […] a sky of palest Gobelin flecked with fat, fleecy little clouds, it in truth looked a dear little city; the city of one's dreams.

10. (ditransitive, second object is a verb) To cause (to do something); to compel (to do something).
11. (ditransitive, second object is a verb, can be stressed for emphasis or clarity) To force to do.

12. (ditransitive, of a fact) To indicate or suggest to be.

13. (transitive, of a bed) To cover neatly with bedclothes.
14. (transitive, US slang, crime, law enforcement) To recognise, identify, spot.

    Synonyms: twig, notice; see also Thesaurus:identify

    • 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin 2011, p.33:

      I caught sight of him two or three times and then made him turning north into Laurel Canyon Drive.

    • 2004, George Nolfi et al., Ocean's Twelve, Warner Bros. Pictures, 0:50:30:

      Linus Caldwell: Well, she just made Danny and Yen, which means in the next 48 hours the three o' your pictures are gonna be in every police station in Europe.

    • 2007 May 4, Andrew Dettmann et al., "Under Pressure", episode 3-22 of Numb3rs, 00:01:16:

      David Sinclair: (walking) Almost at Seventh; I should have a visual any second now. (rounds a corner, almost collides into Kaleed Asan) Damn, that was close.
      Don Eppes: David, he make you?
      David Sinclair: No, I don't think so.

15. (transitive, colloquial) To arrive at a destination, usually at or by a certain time.
16. (intransitive, colloquial) To proceed (in a direction).

17. (transitive) To cover (a given distance) by travelling. [from 16^thc.]
    • 1918, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Land That Time Forgot, Chapter VIII:

      I made over twenty miles that day, for I was now hardened to fatigue and accustomed to long hikes, having spent considerable time hunting and exploring in the immediate vicinity of camp.

18. (transitive) To move at (a speed). [from 17^thc.]

19. To appoint; to name.
    • 1991, Bernard Guenée, Between Church and State: The Lives of Four French Prelates ?ISBN:

      On November 15, 1396, […] Benedict XIII made him bishop of Noyon;

20. (transitive, slang) To induct into the Mafia or a similar organization (as a made man).
    • 1990, Nicholas Pileggi & Martin Scorsese, Goodfellas:

      Jimmy Conway: They're gonna make him.

      Henry Hill: Paulie's gonna make you?

21. (intransitive, colloquial, euphemistic) To defecate or urinate.
22. (transitive) To earn, to gain (money, points, membership or status).
23. (transitive) To pay, to cover (an expense); chiefly used after expressions of inability.
    • 1889 May 1, Chief Justice George P. Raney, Pensacola & A. R. Co. v. State of Florida (judicial opinion), reproduced in The Southern Reporter, Volume 5, West Publishing Company, p.843:

      Whether, […], the construction of additional roads […] would present a case in which the exaction of prohibitory or otherwise onerous rates may be prevented, though it result in an impossibility for some or all of the roads to make expenses, we need not say; no such case is before us.

    • 2005, Yuvi Shmul and Ron Peltier, Make It Big with Yuvi: How to Buy Or Start a Small Business, the Best Investment, AuthorHouse, ?ISBN, p.67:

      At first glance, you may be able to make rent and other overhead expenses because the business is doing well, but if sales drop can you still make rent?

    • 2011, Donald Todrin, Successfully Navigating the Downturn, Entrepreneur Press, ?ISBN, p.194:

      So you can’t make payroll. This happens. […] many business owners who have never confronted it before will be forced to deal with this most difficult matter of not making payroll.

24. (obsolete, intransitive) To compose verses; to write poetry; to versify.

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)

    • ca.1360-1387, William Langland, Piers Plowman

      to solace him some time, as I do when I make

25. To enact; to establish.
    • 1791, The First Amendment to the United States Constitution:

      Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

26. To develop into; to prove to be.

27. To form or formulate in the mind.

28. To perform a feat.

29. (intransitive) To gain sufficient audience to warrant its existence.

30. (obsolete) To act in a certain manner; to have to do; to manage; to interfere; to be active; often in the phrase to meddle or make.
31. (obsolete) To increase; to augment; to accrue.
32. (obsolete) To be engaged or concerned in.

    • Gomez, what makest thou here, with a whole brotherhood of city bailiffs?

33. (now archaic) To cause to be (in a specified place), used after a subjective what.
    • 1676, George Etherege, A Man of Mode:

      Footman. Madam! Mr. Dorimant!

      Lov. What makes him here?

    • 1816, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Christabel:

      What makes her in the wood so late, / A furlong from the castle gate?

34. (transitive, euphemistic) To take the virginity of.
    • 1896, Rudyard Kipling, The Ladies

      I was a young un at 'Oogli,
      Shy as a girl to begin;
      Aggie de Castrer she made me,
      — An' Aggie was clever as sin;
      Older than me, but my first un —
      More like a mother she were
      Showed me the way to promotion an' pay,
      An' I learned about women from 'er!

35. (transitive) To have sexual intercourse with.

    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:copulate with

    • 1934, James T. Farrell, The Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan, Ch. 16:

      He could see that her face was thin, proud. She looked like she'd be a hard dame to make. He didn't want just that. She'd be a hard dame to win.
36. (intransitive) Of water, to flow toward land; to rise.

Usage notes

• In older forms of English, when the pronoun thou was in active use, and verbs used -est for distinct second-person singular indicative forms, the verb make had the form makest, and had madest for its past tense.
• Similarly, when the ending -eth was in active use for third-person singular present indicative forms, the form maketh was used.

Conjugation

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take

Noun

make (plural makes)

1. Brand or kind; model.

   What make of car do you drive?

2. Manner or style of construction (style of how a thing is made); form.
3. Origin (of a manufactured article); manufacture; production.
   • 1914, Judicious Advertising, page 158:

     The Royal Typewriter Company is distributing a very attractive eight page folder, announcing the Royal Number 10, the first machine of Royal make which uses levers instead of wires to operate the type-bars.

   The camera was of German make.

4. A person's character or disposition.
5. (dated) The act or process of making something, especially in industrial manufacturing.
6. (uncountable) Quantity produced, especially of materials.
7. (computing) A software utility for automatically building large applications, or an implementation of this utility.
8. (slang) Identification or recognition (of identity), especially from police records or evidence.
   • 2003, Harlan Wygant, The Samurai Conspiracy: A Story of Revenge by the Author of "The Junkyard Dog." (?ISBN), page 36:

     "I'm sure we'll get a make on the suspect's prints by day break, so if you come down town, I'll see you get everything available. Go ahead and process the car, we won't have any need of it."

   • 2007, P. T. Deutermann, Hunting Season: A Novel, St. Martin's Press (?ISBN):

     He got out his binoculars, trying for a make on the plate, but the plate light was conveniently not working. The windows must have been tinted, because he could not see inside the van, either.

   • 2008, H.A. Covington, The Brigade (?ISBN), page 660:

     “Okay, if I could understand correctly what Oscar was saying through all the doubletalk, we've got a make on the bigwig occupant of the convoy ahead. Chaim Lieberman, Israeli Ambassador to the United States.” “Shit,” said Gardner.

9. (slang, usually in phrase "easy make") Past, present, or future target of seduction (usually female).
10. (slang, military) A promotion.
11. A home-made project
12. (card games) Turn to declare the trump for a hand (in bridge), or to shuffle the cards.
    • 1962 (edition), Leo Tolstoy, Hadji Murat: A Tale of the Caucasus:

      'Not your make,' said the adjutant sternly and started dealing the cards with his white be-ringed hands as though he was in haste to get rid of them.

13. (basketball) A made basket.
14. (physics) The closing of an electrical circuit.

Synonyms

• (brand): brand; type; manufacturer
• (origin): origin; manufacture
• (personal character): makeup, disposition, character; type, way
• (act or process of making): making; manufacture; manufacturing; production
• (construction): construction; manufacture
• (quantity produced): production; output
• (recognition): ID, identification
• (target of seduction): lay
• (closing circuit): closing; completion; actuation

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English make, imake, from Old English ?emaca (“a mate, an equal, companion, peer”), from Proto-Germanic *gamakô (“companion, comrade”), from Proto-Indo-European *ma?- (“to knead, oil”). Reinforced by Old Norse maki (“an equal”). Cognate with Icelandic maki (“spouse”), Swedish make (“spouse, husband”), Danish mage (“companion, fellow, mate”). See also match.

Noun

make (plural makes)

1. (Britain, dialectal) Mate; a spouse or companion; a match.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, I.vii:

     Th'Elfe therewith astownd, / Vpstarted lightly from his looser make, / And his vnready weapons gan in hand to take.

   • 1678 (later reprinted: 1855), John Ray, A Hand-book of Proverbs:

     Every cake hath its make; but a scrape cake hath two.

Etymology 3

Origin uncertain.

Alternative forms

• meck (Scotland)

Noun

make (plural makes)

1. (Scotland, Ireland, Northern England, now rare) A halfpenny. [from 16th c.]
   • 1934, Lewis Grassic Gibbon, Grey Granite, Polygon 2006 (A Scots Quair), page 606:

     Only as he climbed the steps did he mind that he hadn't even a meck upon him, and turned to jump off as the tram with a showd swung grinding down to the Harbour […]

Etymology 4

Origin unclear.

Noun

make (plural makes)

1. (East Anglia, Essex, obsolete) An agricultural tool resembling a scythe, used to cut (harvest) certain plants such as peas, reeds, or tares.
   • 1797, Arthur Young, General View of the Agriculture of the County of Suffolk: Drawn Up for the Consideration of the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement, page 73:

     Harvest.—When left for seed, they are cut and wadded as pease, with a make.

     Produce.—From three to six sacks an acre.

   • 1811, William Gooch, General view of the agriculture of the county of Cambridge; drawn up for the consideration of the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement, page 142, section VI "Pease":

     Harvest. Taken up by a pease-make, and left in small heaps, and turned as often as the weather may make it necessary.

References

• make at OneLook Dictionary Search
• make in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• kame, meak

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma?k?/

Verb

make

1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of maken

Hawaiian

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mate, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *m-atay, *atay, from Proto-Austronesian *m-aCay, *aCay (compare Cebuano matay, Chamorro matai, Fijian mate,, Ilocano matay, Indonesian mati, Javanese mati, Kapampangan mate, mete, Malagasy maty, Maori mate, Rapa Nui mate, Tagalog matay, Tahitian mate)

Noun

make

1. death
2. peril

Verb

make

1. (stative) to die; dead
2. (stative) to faint

Japanese

Romanization

make

1. R?maji transcription of ??

Middle English

Verb

make

1. Alternative form of maken

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse maki

Noun

make m (definite singular maken, indefinite plural maker, definite plural makene)

1. a mate (especially animals and birds), a spouse
2. an equal, match, peer
3. one of a pair (e.g. shoe, sock)
4. something that is similar or alike

Derived terms

• ektemake
• har du sett på maken

References

• “make” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse maki

Noun

make m (definite singular maken, indefinite plural makar, definite plural makane)

1. a mate (especially animals and birds), a spouse
2. an equal, match, peer
3. one of a pair (e.g. shoe, sock)
4. something that is similar or alike

Derived terms

• ektemake
• har du sett på maken

References

• “make” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Swazi

Noun

máke 1a (plural bómáke 2a)

1. my mother

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish maki, from Old Norse maki, from Proto-Germanic *makô. Doublet of maka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?m???k?/

Noun

make c

1. (slightly archaistic or formal) a spouse, a husband, a married man (mostly referring to a specific relation)

   Hon hade inte sett sin make på hela dagen.

   She had not seen her husband all day.

   Makarna hade råkat ta in på samma hotell.

   The man and his wife happened to board at the same hotel.

2. something alike (in quality)

   Ingen hade sett svärdets make.

   Nobody had seen a sword like this.

Declension

Synonyms

• man

Antonyms

• fru
• hustru
• maka

English

Etymology

From Latin infer?, from Latin in- (“in, at, on; into”) + Latin fer? (“bear, carry; suffer”) (cognate to Old English beran, whence English bear), from Proto-Italic *fer?, from Proto-Indo-European *b?éreti (“to bear, carry”), from the root *b?er-. Literally “carry forward”, equivalent to “bear in”, as in concluding from a premise.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?n?f?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?n?f??/
• Rhymes: -??(?)

Verb

infer (third-person singular simple present infers, present participle inferring, simple past and past participle inferred)

1. (transitive) To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence. [from 16th c.]
   • 2010, "Keep calm, but don't carry on", The Economist, 7 Oct 2010:

     It is dangerous to infer too much from martial bluster in British politics: at the first hint of trouble, channelling Churchill is a default tactic for beleaguered leaders of all sorts.

2. (transitive) To lead to (something) as a consequence; to imply. (Now often considered incorrect, especially with a person as subject.) [from 16th c.]
   • a. 1535, Thomas More, letter to Fryth

     the fyrste parte is not the proofe of the second. but rather contrarywyse the seconde inferreth well y? fyrst.

3. (obsolete) To cause, inflict (something) upon or to someone. [16th-18th c.]
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, VI.8:

     faire Serena […] fled fast away, afeard / Of villany to be to her inferd […].

4. (obsolete) To introduce (a subject) in speaking, writing etc.; to bring in. [16th–18th c.]

Usage notes

There are two ways in which the word "infer" is sometimes used as if it meant "imply". "Implication" is done by a person when making a "statement", whereas "inference" is done to a proposition after it had already been made or assumed. Secondly, the word "infer" can sometimes be used to mean "allude" or "express" in a suggestive manner rather than as a direct "statement". Using the word "infer" in this sense is now generally considered incorrect. [1] [2]

Synonyms

• assume, conclude, deduce, educe, construe

Related terms

• inferable
• inference
• illative
• illation
• -ferous (-iferous)

Translations

Anagrams

• -frine, Finer, finer, frine

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?in.fer/, [???f?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?in.fer/, [?inf?r]

Verb

?nfer

1. second-person singular present active imperative of ?nfer?

References

• infer in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• infer in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette